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Beyond muscle hypertrophy: why dietary protein is important for endurance athletes
Abstract
Recovery from the demands of daily training is an essential element of a scientifically based periodized program whose twin goals are to maximize training adaptation and enhance performance. Prolonged endurance training sessions induce substantial metabolic perturbations in skeletal muscle, including the depletion of endogenous fuels and damage/disruption to muscle and body proteins. Therefore, increasing nutrient availability (i.e., carbohydrate and protein) in the post-training recovery period is important to replenish substrate stores and facilitate repair and remodelling of skeletal muscle. It is well accepted that protein ingestion following resistance-based exercise increases rates of skeletal muscle protein synthesis and potentiates gains in muscle mass and strength. To date, however, little attention has focused on the ability of dietary protein to enhance skeletal muscle remodelling and stimulate adaptations that promote an endurance phenotype. The purpose of this review is to critically discuss the results of recent studies that have examined the role of dietary protein for the endurance athlete. Our primary aim is to consider the results from contemporary investigations that have advanced our knowledge of how the manipulation of dietary protein (i.e., amount, type, and timing of ingestion) can facilitate muscle remodelling by promoting muscle protein synthesis. We focus on the role of protein in facilitating optimal recovery from, and promoting adaptations to strenuous endurance-based training.
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“Protein ingestion after exercise is considered one of the pillars of recovery owing to its role in promoting muscle protein synthesis (MPS), reducing muscle protein breakdown, and facilitating muscle repair and adaptation following exercise-induced damage [51–54].”
From Nutritional Strategies to Improve Post-exercise Recovery and Subsequent Exercise Performance: A Narrative Review (2025) · cites this paper as [51]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Moore, D. R., Camera, D. M., Areta, J. L., & Hawley, J. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Australian Catholic University (AU)
- Exercise and Nutrition Research Group, Department of Exercise Sciences, Australian Catholic University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
- Liverpool John Moores University (GB)
- Venue
- Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism
- Publisher
- Canadian Science Publishing
- Published
- 2014-09
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 987-997
- ISSN
- 1715-5312 (ISSN-L)
- 1715-5320
- OpenAlex
- W2109676406
- Cited by
- 138
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4
- FWCI
- 5.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Applied Physiology Nutrition and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Bank (Australian Catholic University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Keywords
- dietary protein, endurance athletes, endurance training, muscle protein synthesis, muscle remodeling, post-exercise recovery, protein timing, protein type, skeletal muscle, training effects, muscle damage
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Dietary Proteins, Humans, Hypertrophy, Physical Endurance, Sports, Exercise, Muscle, Skeletal
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