The Circumgalactic Medium

Tumlinson, Jason; Peeples, Molly S.; Werk, Jessica K.

doi:10.1146/annurev-astro-091916-055240

Cited by 1,147Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, PhenomenaAstrophysics and Star Formation StudiesAstrophysical Phenomena and Observations

The Circumgalactic Medium

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Tumlinson, Jason, Peeples, Molly S., Werk, Jessica K.·2017·Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics

DOI 10.1146/annurev-astro-091916-055240

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Abstract

The gas surrounding galaxies outside their disks or interstellar medium and inside their virial radii is known as the circumgalactic medium (CGM). In recent years this component of galaxies has assumed an important role in our understanding of galaxy evolution owing to rapid advances in observational access to this diffuse, nearly invisible material. Observations and simulations of this component of galaxies suggest that it is a multiphase medium characterized by rich dynamics and complex ionization states. The CGM is a source for a galaxy's star-forming fuel, the venue for galactic feedback and recycling, and perhaps the key regulator of the galactic gas supply. We review our evolving knowledge of the CGM with emphasis on its mass, dynamical state, and coevolution with galaxies. Observations from all redshifts and from across the electromagnetic spectrum indicate that CGM gas has a key role in galaxy evolution. We summarize the state of this field and pose unanswered questions for future research.

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The total mass and density profile of the CGM in MW-mass galaxies are poorly determined observationally.
“Observationally, the total mass and density profile of the CGM in MW-mass galaxies are poorly determined and this is likely to remain so for years to come”
From The milky way total mass profile as inferred from Gaia DR2 (2020) · cites this paper as Tumlinson et al. 2017

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Hani, M. H., Ellison, S. L., Sparre, M., Grand, R. J. J., Pakmor, R., Gomez, F. A., & Springel, V. (2019) · Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society · doi:10.1093/mnras/stz1708 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
A CO funnel in the Galactic centre: Molecular counterpart of the northern Galactic chimney
Veena, V. S., Riquelme, D., Kim, W.-J., Menten, K. M., Schilke, P., Sormani, M. C., Banda-Barragán, W. E., Wyrowski, F., Fuller, G. A., & Cheema, A. (2023) · Astronomy & Astrophysics · doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346702 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
“These outflows extend from dense star-forming regions near the galactic mid-planes up to several kiloparsec away from them and are capable of ejecting ionised, atomic, and molecular gas from their host galaxies (Tumlinson et al. 2017).”
Background

Authors: Tumlinson, J., Peeples, M. S., & Werk, J. K.
Affiliations: Space Telescope Science Institute (US)
University of Washington (US)
ORCID: Tumlinson, Jason
Werk, Jessica K.
Venue: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2017-08-18
Volume: 55
Issue: 1
Pages: 389-432
ISSN: 0066-4146 (ISSN-L)
1545-4282
DOI: 10.1146/annurev-astro-091916-055240
OpenAlex: W2561281082
Cited by: 1,147
References: 224
Citations by year: 2026: 122 · 2025: 181 · 2024: 173 · 2023: 154 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 134 · 2020: 106 · 2019: 101 · 2018: 57 · 2017: 5
FWCI: 7.43
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: www.annualreviews.org/licenses/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysics and Star Formation Studies
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Astrophysical Phenomena and Observations
Keywords: circumgalactic medium, galaxy evolution, multiphase gas, ionization state, galactic feedback, gas recycling, intergalactic medium

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The Circumgalactic Medium

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