Deconstruction of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Fuels and Chemicals
Abstract
Plants represent a vast, renewable resource and are well suited to provide sustainably for humankind's transportation fuel needs. To produce infrastructure-compatible fuels from biomass, two challenges remain: overcoming plant cell wall recalcitrance to extract sugar and phenolic intermediates, and reduction of oxygenated intermediates to fuel molecules. To compete with fossil-based fuels, two primary routes to deconstruct cell walls are under development, namely biochemical and thermochemical conversion. Here, we focus on overcoming recalcitrance with biochemical conversion, which uses low-severity thermochemical pretreatment followed by enzymatic hydrolysis to produce soluble sugars. Many challenges remain, including understanding how pretreatments affect the physicochemical nature of heterogeneous cell walls; determination of how enzymes deconstruct the cell wall effectively with the aim of designing superior catalysts; and resolution of issues associated with the co-optimization of pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis, and fermentation. Here, we highlight some of the scientific challenges and open questions with a particular focus on problems across multiple length scales.
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Saccharification can be catalysed by chemicals or enzymes; enzymes are usually preferred due to their higher selectivity.
“The saccharification can be catalysed by chemicals 41 or enzymes; enzymes are usually preferred due to their higher selectivity.17”
From Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids (2013) · cites this paper as [41]
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Deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids
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- Authors
- Chundawat, S. P. S., Beckham, G. T., Himmel, M. E., & Dale, B. E.
- Affiliations
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (US)
- National Laboratory of the Rockies (US)
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2011-07-15
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 121-145
- ISSN
- 1947-5438 (ISSN-L)
- 1947-5446
- OpenAlex
- W2098319201
- Cited by
- 1,017
- References
- 170
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 40 · 2024: 46 · 2023: 42 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 89 · 2020: 88 · 2019: 67 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 98 · 2015: 83 · 2014: 86 · 2013: 76 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 5.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rutgers University Community Repository (Rutgers University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Biofuel production and bioconversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Catalysis for Biomass Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Lignin and Wood Chemistry
- Keywords
- lignocellulosic biomass, biomass deconstruction, cell wall recalcitrance, enzymatic hydrolysis, thermochemical pretreatment, biochemical conversion, thermochemical conversion, sugar production, phenolic intermediates, biofuels, bio-based chemicals, enzyme design, fermentation
- MeSH terms
- Catalysis, Cell Wall, Cellulose, Fungal Proteins, Hydrolysis, Lignin, Models, Molecular, Organic Chemicals, Plants, Trichoderma, Molecular Structure, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Biomass, Cellulases, Biofuels
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