The DOI matches its Crossref record; 174 of the 174 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fat and Beyond: The Diverse Biology of PPARγ
Abstract
The nuclear receptor PPARgamma is a ligand-activated transcription factor that plays an important role in the control of gene expression linked to a variety of physiological processes. PPARgamma was initially characterized as the master regulator for the development of adipose cells. Ligands for PPARgamma include naturally occurring fatty acids and the thiazolidinedione (TZD) class of antidiabetic drugs. Activation of PPARgamma improves insulin sensitivity in rodents and humans through a combination of metabolic actions, including partitioning of lipid stores and the regulation of metabolic and inflammatory mediators termed adipokines. PPARgamma signaling has also been implicated in the control of cell proliferation, atherosclerosis, macrophage function, and immunity. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of the diverse biological actions of PPARgamma with an eye toward the expanding therapeutic potential of PPARgamma agonist drugs.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“as PPAR-γ, expressed in adipose tissue, enhances insulin sensitivity, while PPAR-δ, predominantly found in skeletal muscle, supports oxidative metabolism and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis”
From Exercise-Induced Muscle–Fat Crosstalk: Molecular Mediators and Their Pharmacological Modulation for the Maintenance of Metabolic Flexibility in Aging (2025) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“Both PPAR-γ and PPAR-δ activation may prove beneficial in maintaining metabolic flexibility during aging”
From Exercise-Induced Muscle–Fat Crosstalk: Molecular Mediators and Their Pharmacological Modulation for the Maintenance of Metabolic Flexibility in Aging (2025) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“as PPAR-γ, expressed in adipose tissue, enhances insulin sensitivity, while PPAR-δ, predominantly found in skeletal muscle, supports oxidative metabolism and promotes mitochondrial biogenesis”
From Exercise-Induced Muscle–Fat Crosstalk: Molecular Mediators and Their Pharmacological Modulation for the Maintenance of Metabolic Flexibility in Aging (2025) · cites this paper as [113]
In the citing paper
“the insulinsensitizing effects of thiazolidinediones, a class of PPARg ligands, are used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008;Hong et al., 2018).”
From The Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)-γ Antagonist 2-Chloro-5-Nitro-N-Phenylbenzamide (GW9662) Triggers Perilipin 2 Expression via PPARδ and Induces Lipogenesis and Triglyceride Accumulation in Human THP-1 Macrophages (2020) · cites this paper as Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008
In the citing paper
“In addition, PPARg exerts considerable effects on lipid and glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity (Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008).”
From The Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)-γ Antagonist 2-Chloro-5-Nitro-N-Phenylbenzamide (GW9662) Triggers Perilipin 2 Expression via PPARδ and Induces Lipogenesis and Triglyceride Accumulation in Human THP-1 Macrophages (2020) · cites this paper as Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008
In the citing paper
“PPARs are activated by a variety of molecules and act mainly as sensors for fatty acids and fatty acid-derived metabolites (Lefebvre et al., 2006;Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008;Neels and Grimaldi, 2014).”
From The Peroxisome Proliferator–Activated Receptor (PPAR)-γ Antagonist 2-Chloro-5-Nitro-N-Phenylbenzamide (GW9662) Triggers Perilipin 2 Expression via PPARδ and Induces Lipogenesis and Triglyceride Accumulation in Human THP-1 Macrophages (2020) · cites this paper as Tontonoz and Spiegelman, 2008
Citations
Cites
Obesity is associated with macrophage accumulation in adipose tissue
Weisberg, S. P., McCann, D., Desai, M., Rosenbaum, M., Leibel, R. L., & Ferrante, A. W. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319246 · Cited by 10,041
Adipose Expression of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α: Direct Role in Obesity-Linked Insulin Resistance
Hotamisligil, G. S., Shargill, N. S., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1993) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.7678183 · Cited by 7,518
Self-citationXu, H., Barnes, G. T., Yang, Q., Tan, G., Yang, D., Chou, C. J., Sole, J., Nichols, A., Ross, J. S., Tartaglia, L. A., et al. (2003) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci200319451 · Cited by 6,760
Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Waki, H., Terauchi, Y., Kubota, N., Hara, K., Mori, Y., Ide, T., Murakami, K., Tsuboyama-Kasaoka, N., et al. (2001) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/90984 · Cited by 4,915
The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes
Steppan, C. M., Bailey, S. T., Bhat, S., Brown, E. J., Banerjee, R. R., Wright, C. M., Patel, H. R., Ahima, R. S., & Lazar, M. A. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35053000 · Cited by 4,755
Effect of Rosiglitazone on the Risk of Myocardial Infarction and Death from Cardiovascular Causes
Nissen, S. E., & Wolski, K. (2007) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa072761 · Cited by 4,675
Yamauchi, T., Kamon, J., Minokoshi, Y., Ito, Y., Waki, H., Uchida, S., Yamashita, S., Noda, M., Kita, S., Ueki, K., et al. (2002) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/nm788 · Cited by 4,238
Inflammation, stress, and diabetes
Wellen, K. E., & Hotamisligil, G. S. (2005) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci25102 · Cited by 4,143
A Cold-Inducible Coactivator of Nuclear Receptors Linked to Adaptive Thermogenesis
Puigserver, P., Wu, Z., Park, C. W., Graves, R., Wright, M., & Spiegelman, B. M. (1998) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(00)81410-5 · Cited by 3,864
Self-citationLehmann, J. M., Moore, L. B., Smith-Oliver, T. A., Wilkison, W. O., Willson, T. M., & Kliewer, S. A. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.22.12953 · Cited by 3,645
Research works printed but not linked: 7
- Kletzien R, 1992, Mol. Pharmacol., 42, 558
- Harris P, 1994, Mol. Pharmacol., 45, 439
- 10.1210/me.11.6.779 · DOI
- 10.1172/JCI200525102 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.04.006 · DOI
- 10.1210/en.142.7.3125 · DOI
- Suh N, 1999, Cancer Res., 59, 5671
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 1,001
Street, M. E., Angelini, S., Bernasconi, S., Burgio, E., Cassio, A., Catellani, C., Cirillo, F., Deodati, A., Fabbrizi, E., Fanos, V., et al. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19061647 · Cited by 272
PPARγ activation in adipocytes is sufficient for systemic insulin sensitization
Sugii, S., Olson, P., Sears, D. D., Saberi, M., Atkins, A. R., Barish, G. D., Hong, S.-H., Castro, G. L., Yin, Y.-Q., Nelson, M. C., et al. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0912487106 · Cited by 255
Fraher, D., Sanigorski, A. J., Mellett, N. A., Meikle, P. J., Sinclair, A. J., & Gibert, Y. (2016) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.016 · Cited by 252
Adipocyte lipolysis: from molecular mechanisms of regulation to disease and therapeutics
Yang, A., & Mottillo, E. P. (2020) · Biochemical Journal · doi:10.1042/bcj20190468 · Cited by 264
PPAR and Oxidative Stress: Con() Catenating NRF2 and FOXO
Polvani, S., Tarocchi, M., & Galli, A. (2012) · PPAR Research · doi:10.1155/2012/641087 · Cited by 253
Lodhi, I. J., Yin, L., Jensen-Urstad, A. P. L., Funai, K., Coleman, T., Baird, J. H., Ramahi, M. K. E., Razani, B., Song, H., Hsu, F., et al. (2012) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2012.06.013 · Cited by 253
PGC1β Mediates PPARγ Activation of Osteoclastogenesis and Rosiglitazone-Induced Bone Loss
Wei, W., Wang, X., Yang, M., Smith, L. C., Dechow, P. C., & Wan, Y. (2010) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2010.04.015 · Cited by 247
Mechanisms of insulin resistance related to white, beige, and brown adipocytes
Czech, M. (2020) · Molecular Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.molmet.2019.12.014 · Cited by 258
Zhao, Y., Calon, F., Julien, C., Winkler, J. W., Petasis, N. A., Lukiw, W. J., & Bazan, N. G. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015816 · Cited by 243
Obesity alters pathology and treatment response in inflammatory disease
Bapat, S. P., Whitty, C., Mowery, C. T., Liang, Y., Yoo, A., Jiang, Z., Peters, M. C., Zhang, L., Vogel, I. A., Zhou, C., et al. (2022) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-022-04536-0 · Cited by 243
Surface plasmon resonance technology: Recent advances, applications and experimental cases
Capelli, D., Scognamiglio, V., & Montanari, R. (2023) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2023.117079 · Cited by 242
Cross‐Talk between PPARγand Insulin Signaling and Modulation of Insulin Sensitivity
Leonardini, A., Laviola, L., Perrini, S., Natalicchio, A., & Giorgino, F. (2009) · PPAR Research · doi:10.1155/2009/818945 · Cited by 254
Clement, E., Lazar, I., Attané, C., Carrié, L., Dauvillier, S., Ducoux‐Petit, M., Esteve, D., Menneteau, T., Moutahir, M., Le Gonidec, S., et al. (2020) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2019102525 · Cited by 240
Initial Quantitative Proteomic Map of 28 Mouse Tissues Using the SILAC Mouse
Geiger, T., Velic, A., Macek, B., Lundberg, E., Kampf, C., Nagaraj, N., Uhlen, M., Cox, J., & Mann, M. (2013) · Molecular & Cellular Proteomics · doi:10.1074/mcp.m112.024919 · Cited by 235
Ontogeny and nutritional control of adipogenesis in zebrafish (Danio rerio)
Flynn, E. J., Trent, C. M., & Rawls, J. F. (2009) · Journal of Lipid Research · doi:10.1194/jlr.m800590-jlr200 · Cited by 237
Prospective functional classification of all possible missense variants in PPARG
UK Monogenic Diabetes Consortium, Majithia, A. R., Myocardial Infarction Genetics Consortium, UK Congenital Lipodystrophy Consortium, Tsuda, B., Agostini, M., Gnanapradeepan, K., Rice, R., Peloso, G., Patel, K. A., et al. (2016) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng.3700 · Cited by 227
Neuhofer, A., Zeyda, M., Mascher, D. G., Itariu, B. K., Murano, I., Leitner, L., Hochbrugger, E., Fraisl, P., Cinti, S., Serhan, C. N., et al. (2013) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0828 · Cited by 239
Regulation of gene expression in osteoblasts
Jensen, E. D., Gopalakrishnan, R., & Westendorf, J. J. (2010) · BioFactors · doi:10.1002/biof.72 · Cited by 232
Age‐related thymic involution: Mechanisms and functional impact
Liang, Z., Dong, X., Zhang, Z., Zhang, Q., & Zhao, Y. X. (2022) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.13671 · Cited by 244
Impact of nutrients on circadian rhythmicity
Oosterman, J. E., Kalsbeek, A., la Fleur, S. E., & Belsham, D. D. (2015) · American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpregu.00322.2014 · Cited by 221
Yoshizawa, T., Hinoi, E., Jung, D. Y., Kajimura, D., Ferron, M., Seo, J. H., Graff, J. M., Kim, J. K., & Karsenty, G. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci39366 · Cited by 223
Review of the Structural and Dynamic Mechanisms of PPAR γ Partial Agonism
Kroker, A. J., & Bruning, J. B. (2015) · PPAR Research · doi:10.1155/2015/816856 · Cited by 231
SIRT1 decreases Lox-1-mediated foam cell formation in atherogenesis
Stein, S., Lohmann, C., Schäfer, N., Hofmann, J., Rohrer, L., Besler, C., Rothgiesser, K. M., Becher, B., Hottiger, M. O., Borén, J., et al. (2010) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehq107 · Cited by 188
Obesogens: an emerging threat to public health
Janesick, A., & Blumberg, B. (2016) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2016.01.182 · Cited by 218
Minireview: Pref-1: Role in Adipogenesis and Mesenchymal Cell Fate
Sul, H. S. (2009) · Molecular Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/me.2009-0160 · Cited by 218
From chronic overnutrition to insulin resistance: The role of fat-storing capacity and inflammation
Lionetti, L., Mollica, M. P., Lombardi, A., Cavaliere, G., Gifuni, G., & Barletta, A. (2009) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2008.10.010 · Cited by 223
Nagy, L., Szántó, A., Szatmári, I., & Széles, L. (2012) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00004.2011 · Cited by 218
Lefterova, M. I., Steger, D. J., Zhuo, D. X., Qatanani, M., Mullican, S. E., Tuteja, G., Manduchi, E., Grant, G. R., & Lazar, M. A. (2010) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.01651-09 · Cited by 213
Signal transduction in pancreatic stellate cells
Masamune, A., & Shimosegawa, T. (2009) · Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1007/s00535-009-0013-2 · Cited by 214
The Molecular Mechanisms by Which Vitamin D Prevents Insulin Resistance and Associated Disorders
Szymczak-Pajor, I., Drzewoski, J., & Śliwińska, A. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21186644 · Cited by 214
Adipocyte metrnl antagonizes insulin resistance through PPARγ signaling
Li, Z.-Y., Song, J., Zheng, S.-L., Fan, M.-B., Guan, Y.-F., Qu, Y., Xu, J., Wang, P., & Miao, C.-Y. (2015) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db15-0274 · Cited by 203
Hao, C., Cheng, X.-J., Xia, H., & Ma, X. (2012) · Bioscience Reports · doi:10.1042/bsr20120042 · Cited by 202
Maternal and fetal lipid metabolism under normal and gestational diabetic conditions
Herrera, E., & Desoyé, G. (2015) · Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1515/hmbci-2015-0025 · Cited by 216
Predicting Later-Life Outcomes of Early-Life Exposures
Boekelheide, K., Blumberg, B., Chapin, R. E., Cote, I., Graziano, J. H., Janesick, A., Lane, R. H., Lillycrop, K. A., Myatt, L., States, J. C., et al. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1204934 · Cited by 206
Pillai, H. K., Fang, M., Beglov, D., Kozakov, D., Vajda, S., Stapleton, H. M., Webster, T. F., & Schlezinger, J. J. (2014) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1408111 · Cited by 199
Brown Adipose Tissue—A Translational Perspective
Carpentier, A. C., Blondin, D. P., Haman, F., & Richard, D. (2022) · Endocrine Reviews · doi:10.1210/endrev/bnac015 · Cited by 218
Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals: Review of Toxicological Mechanisms Using Molecular Pathway Analysis
Yang, O., Kim, H. L., Weon, J.-I., & Seo, Y. R. (2015) · Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.15430/jcp.2015.20.1.12 · Cited by 197
Wei, J., Ghosh, A. K., Sargent, J. L., Komura, K., Wu, M., Huang, Q.-Q., Jain, M., Whitfield, M. L., Feghali‐Bostwick, C. A., & Varga, J. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0013778 · Cited by 200
Resveratrol regulates human adipocyte number and function in a Sirt1-dependent manner
Fischer-Posovszky, P., Kukulus, V., Tews, D., Unterkircher, T., Debatin, K.-M., Fulda, S., & Wabitsch, M. (2010) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.3945/ajcn.2009.28435 · Cited by 195
A role of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ in non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease
Skat‐Rørdam, J., Ipsen, D. H., Lykkesfeldt, J., & Tveden‐Nyborg, P. (2018) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/bcpt.13190 · Cited by 197
Mammalian Sirtuins and Energy Metabolism
Li, X., & Kazgan, N. (2011) · International Journal of Biological Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijbs.7.575 · Cited by 196
Kulkarni, A. A., Thatcher, T. H., Olsen, K. C., Maggirwar, S. B., Phipps, R. P., & Sime, P. J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0015909 · Cited by 189
Deciphering the Roles of PPARγ in Adipocytes via Dynamic Change of Transcription Complex
Ma, X., Wang, D., Zhao, W., & Xu, L. (2018) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2018.00473 · Cited by 191
Mamane, Y., Chan, C., Lavallée, G., Morin, N., Xu, L., Huang, J., Gordon, R., Thomas, W., Lamb, J. R., Schadt, E. E., et al. (2009) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db09-0323 · Cited by 190
Cipolletta, D., Cohen, P., Spiegelman, B. M., Benoist, C., & Mathis, D. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1423486112 · Cited by 186
Self-citationDocosahexaenoic acid: one molecule diverse functions
Hashimoto, M., Hossain, S., Mamun, A. A., Matsuzaki, K., & Arai, H. (2016) · Critical Reviews in Biotechnology · doi:10.1080/07388551.2016.1207153 · Cited by 191
Environmental Obesogens and Their Impact on Susceptibility to Obesity: New Mechanisms and Chemicals
Egusquiza, R. J., & Blumberg, B. (2020) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa024 · Cited by 196
Mouse strains to study cold-inducible beige progenitors and beige adipocyte formation and function
Berry, D. C., Jiang, Y., & Graff, J. M. (2016) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms10184 · Cited by 177
PPARs and Metabolic Disorders Associated with Challenged Adipose Tissue Plasticity
Corrales, P., Vidal‐Puig, A., & Medina‐Gómez, G. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19072124 · Cited by 196
Bone Loss in Diabetes: Use of Antidiabetic Thiazolidinediones and Secondary Osteoporosis
Lecka‐Czernik, B. (2010) · Current Osteoporosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11914-010-0027-y · Cited by 187
Sahebkar, A., Chew, G. T., & Watts, G. F. (2014) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2014.876992 · Cited by 183
The adipose organ: white‐brown adipocyte plasticity and metabolic inflammation
Smorlesi, A., Frontini, A., Giordano, A., & Cinti, S. (2012) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/j.1467-789x.2012.01039.x · Cited by 189
Nishikawa, K., Nakashima, T., Takeda, S., Isogai, M., Hamada, M., Kimura, A., Kodama, T., Yamaguchi, A., Owen, M. J., Takahashi, S., et al. (2010) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci42528 · Cited by 181
Dániel, B., Nagy, G., Czimmerer, Z., Horváth, A., Hammers, D. W., Cuaranta‐Monroy, I., Póliska, S., Tzerpos, P., Kolostyák, Z., Hays, T. T., et al. (2018) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2018.09.005 · Cited by 180
Obesity is a concern for bone health with aging
Shapses, S. A., Pop, L. C., & Wang, Y. (2017) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/j.nutres.2016.12.010 · Cited by 184
Independent Stem Cell Lineages Regulate Adipose Organogenesis and Adipose Homeostasis
Jiang, Y., Berry, D. C., Tang, W., & Graff, J. M. (2014) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2014.09.049 · Cited by 182
Li, X., Ycaza, J. E., & Blumberg, B. (2011) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2011.03.012 · Cited by 179
Taxvig, C., Dreisig, K., Boberg, J., Nellemann, C., Schelde, A. B., Pedersen, D. C., Boergesen, M., Mandrup, S., & Vinggaard, A. M. (2012) · Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology · doi:10.1016/j.mce.2012.03.021 · Cited by 174
Effects of diabetes drugs on the skeleton
Meier, C., Schwartz, A. V., Egger, A., & Lecka‐Czernik, B. (2015) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.026 · Cited by 174
Adiponectin and energy homeostasis
Lee, B., & Shao, J. (2013) · Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders · doi:10.1007/s11154-013-9283-3 · Cited by 179
The Metabolic Requirements of Th2 Cell Differentiation
Stark, J. M., Tibbitt, C. A., & Coquet, J. M. (2019) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.02318 · Cited by 176
The regulation of adipose tissue health by estrogens
Steiner, B. M., & Berry, D. C. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.889923 · Cited by 171
Covalent Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor γ Adduction by Nitro-fatty Acids
Schopfer, F. J., Cole, M. P., Groeger, A. L., Chen, C.-S., Khoo, N. K. H., Woodcock, S. R., Golin-Bisello, F., Motanya, U. N., Li, Y., Zhang, J., et al. (2010) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m109.091512 · Cited by 171
Ogino, S., Shima, K., Baba, Y., Nosho, K., Irahara, N., Kure, S., Chen, L., Toyoda, S., Kirkner, G. J., Wang, Y. L., et al. (2008) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2008.12.048 · Cited by 167
Marrow fat metabolism is linked to the systemic energy metabolism
Lecka‐Czernik, B. (2011) · Bone · doi:10.1016/j.bone.2011.06.032 · Cited by 168
Regulation of MKL1 via actin cytoskeleton dynamics drives adipocyte differentiation
Nobusue, H., Onishi, N., Shimizu, T., Sugihara, E., Oki, Y., Sumikawa, Y., Chiyoda, T., Akashi, K., Saya, H., & Kano, K. (2014) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/ncomms4368 · Cited by 173
The CD36-PPARγ Pathway in Metabolic Disorders
Maréchal, L., Laviolette, M., Rodrigue‐Way, A., Sow, B., Brochu, M., Caron, V., & Tremblay, A. (2018) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms19051529 · Cited by 173
Muniswami, D. M., Devasia, A., Tharion, G., & Kumar, S. (2018) · doi:10.28967/jscrt.2018.01.18001 · Cited by 169
‘Metabolically healthy obesity’: Origins and implications
Denis, G. V., & Obin, M. S. (2012) · Molecular Aspects of Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.mam.2012.10.004 · Cited by 176
Adipose Deficiency of Nrf2 in ob/ob Mice Results in Severe Metabolic Syndrome
Xue, P., Hou, Y., Chen, Y., Yang, B., Fu, J., Zheng, H., Yarborough, K., Woods, C. G., Liu, D., Yamamoto, M. P., et al. (2012) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/db12-0584 · Cited by 169
Gautier, E. L., Chow, A. T., Spanbroek, R., Marcelin, G., Greter, M., Jakubzick, C., Bogunovic, M., Leboeuf, M., van Rooijen, N., Habenicht, A. J. R., et al. (2012) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1200495 · Cited by 175
Luo, A. S., Leach, S. T., Barrès, R., Hesson, L. B., Grimm, M., & Simar, D. (2017) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2017.00417 · Cited by 173
Adipose Organ Development and Remodeling
Cinti, S. (2018) · Comprehensive physiology · doi:10.1002/cphy.c170042 · Cited by 197
Effects of Age and Dysfunction on Human Meibomian Glands
Nien, C. J. (2011) · Archives of Ophthalmology · doi:10.1001/archophthalmol.2011.69 · Cited by 164
Kiss, M., Czimmerer, Z., & Nagy, L. (2013) · Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2013.05.044 · Cited by 166
Contreras, C., González, F., Fernø, J., Diéguez, C., Rahmouni, K., Nogueiras, R., & López, M. (2014) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.3109/07853890.2014.919727 · Cited by 167
Free radicals and male reproduction.
Agarwal, A. K., & Allamaneni, S. S. R. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 154
Mori, H., Prestwich, T. C., Reid, M. A., Longo, K. A., Gerin, I., Cawthorn, W. P., Susulic, V. S., Krishnan, V., Greenfield, A., & MacDougald, O. A. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci63604 · Cited by 162
Obesity: An overview of possible role(s) of gut hormones, lipid sensing and gut microbiota
Mishra, A. K., Dubey, V., & Ghosh, A. R. (2016) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2015.10.008 · Cited by 161
Physiological functions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β
Neels, J. G., & Grimaldi, P. A. (2014) · Physiological Reviews · doi:10.1152/physrev.00027.2013 · Cited by 161
Emerging therapeutic opportunities for skeletal restoration
Kawai, M., Mödder, U. I., Khosla, S., & Rosen, C. J. (2011) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd3299 · Cited by 161
Brucella spp. Virulence Factors and Immunity
Byndloss, M. X., & Tsolis, R. M. (2016) · Annual Review of Animal Biosciences · doi:10.1146/annurev-animal-021815-111326 · Cited by 160
Neurological Effects of Bisphenol A and its Analogues
Inadera, H. (2015) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.13267 · Cited by 167
Before They Were Fat: Adipocyte Progenitors
Park, K. W., Halperin, D. S., & Tontonoz, P. (2008) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2008.11.001 · Cited by 158
Self-citationShabalala, S. C., Dludla, P. V., Mabasa, L., Kappo, A. P., Basson, A. K., Pheiffer, C., & Johnson, R. (2020) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110785 · Cited by 169
Murakami, M., Tognini, P., Liu, Y., Eckel‐Mahan, K. L., Baldi, P., & Sassone‐Corsi, P. (2016) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.15252/embr.201642463 · Cited by 161
A comparative perspective on lipid storage in animals
Birsoy, K., Festuccia, W. T., & Laplante, M. (2013) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.104992 · Cited by 163
Heming, M., Gran, S., Jauch-Speer, S.-L., Fischer‐Riepe, L., Russo, A., Klotz, L., Hermann, S., Schäfers, M. A., Roth, J., & Barczyk‐Kahlert, K. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00893 · Cited by 166
Organotins: A review of their reproductive toxicity, biochemistry, and environmental fate
Graceli, J. B., Sena, G. C., Lopes, P. F. I., Zamprogno, G. C., da Costa, M. B., Godoi, A. F. L., dos Santos, D. M., de Marchi, M. R. R., & Fernandez, M. A. D. S. (2012) · Reproductive Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.reprotox.2012.11.008 · Cited by 160
Lipoexpediency: de novo lipogenesis as a metabolic signal transmitter
Lodhi, I. J., Wei, X., & Semenkovich, C. F. (2010) · Trends in Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.tem.2010.09.002 · Cited by 160
Chamorro-García, R., Kirchner, S., Li, X., Janesick, A., Casey, S. C., Chow, C., & Blumberg, B. (2012) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.1205063 · Cited by 148
Flachs, P., Rossmeisl, M., Kuda, O., & Kopecký, J. (2013) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Molecular and Cell Biology of Lipids · doi:10.1016/j.bbalip.2013.02.003 · Cited by 154
Multi-Target Approaches in Metabolic Syndrome
Lillich, F. F., Imig, J. D., & Proschak, E. (2021) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.554961 · Cited by 158
Kawai, M., Green, C. B., Lecka‐Czernik, B., Douris, N., Gilbert, M. R., Kojima, S., Ackert‐Bicknell, C. L., Garg, N., Horowitz, M. C., Adamo, M. L., et al. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1000788107 · Cited by 146
Nimitphong, H., Holick, M. F., Fried, S. K., & Lee, M. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0052171 · Cited by 145
Ancestral perinatal obesogen exposure results in a transgenerational thrifty phenotype in mice
Chamorro-García, R., Díaz-Castillo, C., Shoucri, B. M., Kaech, H., Leavitt, R., Shioda, T., & Blumberg, B. (2017) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-017-01944-z · Cited by 149
Villanueva, C. J., Vergnes, L., Wang, J., Drew, B. G., Hong, C., Tu, Y., Hu, Y., Xu, P., Xu, F., Sáez, E., et al. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.01.016 · Cited by 152
Self-citationLuria, A., Bettaieb, A., Xi, Y., Shieh, G.-J., Liu, H.-C., Inoue, H., Tsai, H.-J., Imig, J. D., Haj, F. G., & Hammock, B. D. (2011) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1103482108 · Cited by 144
Beaven, S. W., Matveyenko, A. V., Wroblewski, K., Chao, L. C., Wilpitz, D. C., Hsu, T. W., Lentz, J., Drew, B. G., Hevener, A. L., & Tontonoz, P. (2013) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2013.04.021 · Cited by 145
Self-citationPeroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists and antagonists: a patent review (2014-present)
Takada, I., & Makishima, M. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Patents · doi:10.1080/13543776.2020.1703952 · Cited by 150
Metadata
- Authors
- Tontonoz, P., & Spiegelman, B. M.
- Affiliations
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- Annual Review of Biochemistry
- Publisher
- Annual Reviews
- Published
- 2008-06-01
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 289-312
- ISSN
- 0066-4154 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-4509
- OpenAlex
- W2097511872
- Cited by
- 2,085
- References
- 173
- Citations by year
- 2026: 79 · 2025: 100 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 103 · 2022: 111 · 2021: 106 · 2020: 105 · 2019: 108 · 2018: 110 · 2017: 112 · 2016: 135 · 2015: 125 · 2014: 154 · 2013: 160 · 2012: 149
- FWCI
- 8.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Annual Review of Biochemistry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL066088, HL66088)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R37 DK 3140)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- PPARγ, nuclear receptors, transcriptional regulation, adipose tissue development, thiazolidinediones, insulin sensitivity, adipokines, lipid partitioning, atherosclerosis, macrophage function, immunity, cell proliferation, PPARγ agonists, antidiabetic drugs
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Nucleus, Humans, Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, Macrophages, Models, Biological, Models, Molecular, Neoplasms, Protein Conformation, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Adipocytes, Thiazolidinediones, PPAR gamma, Adipogenesis
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review