Cited by 1,163Schizophrenia research and treatmentNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorAutism Spectrum Disorder Research

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Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Neurodevelopment

Lewis, David A., Levitt, Pat·2002·Annual Review of Neuroscience

DOI 10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142754

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Abstract

▪ Abstract A combination of genetic susceptibility and environmental perturbations appear to be necessary for the expression of schizophrenia. In addition, the pathogenesis of the disease is hypothesized to be neurodevelopmental in nature based on reports of an excess of adverse events during the pre- and perinatal periods, the presence of cognitive and behavioral signs during childhood and adolescence, and the lack of evidence of a neurodegenerative process in most individuals with schizophrenia. Recent studies of neurodevelopmental mechanisms strongly suggest that no single gene or factor is responsible for driving a highly complex biological process. Together, these findings suggest that combinatorial genetic and environmental factors, which disturb a normal developmental course early in life, result in molecular and histogenic responses that cumulatively lead to different developmental trajectories and the clinical phenotype recognized as schizophrenia.

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Authors: Lewis, D. A., & Levitt, P.
Affiliations: University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID: Lewis, David A.
Levitt, Pat
Venue: Annual Review of Neuroscience
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 2002-03
Volume: 25
Issue: 1
Pages: 409-432
ISSN: 0147-006X (ISSN-L)
1545-4126
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142754
OpenAlex: W2112572641
Cited by: 1,163
References: 118
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 36 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 31 · 2018: 42 · 2017: 77 · 2016: 50 · 2015: 60 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 82
FWCI: 7.83
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH 45156, P50MH045156)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
Keywords: schizophrenia, brain development, genetic susceptibility, environmental risk factors, perinatal adversity, developmental trajectories, neurodegeneration, clinical phenotype
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Animals, Brain, Child, Developmental Disabilities, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Male, Models, Neurological, Nervous System Malformations, Pregnancy, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Schizophrenia, Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental, Genetic Predisposition to Disease

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Schizophrenia as a Disorder of Neurodevelopment

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