Cited by 597Medicinal Plant ResearchMedicinal plant effects and applicationsNatural product bioactivities and synthesis

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

New Substances of Plant Origin which Increase Nonspecific Resistance

Brekhman, I I, Dardymov, I V·1969·Annual Review of Pharmacology

DOI 10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Sorted by citations

Items 101–200 of 597

Adaptogenic effects of Panax ginseng on modulation of cardiovascular functions
Irfan, M., Kwak, Y.-S., Han, C.-K., Hyun, S. H., & Rhee, M. H. (2020) · Journal of Ginseng Research · doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2020.03.001 · Cited by 81
“Decades ago, Brekhman [1] coined the term adaptogen and defined that an adaptogen is nontoxic at therapeutic dose, produces nonspecific resistance to stress, and has the ability to normalize homeostasis [2e4].”
BackgroundInfluential
Effect of Eleutherococcus senticosus on submaximal and maximal exercise performance
DOWLING, E. A., REDONDO, D. R., BRANCH, J. D., JONES, S., McNABB, G., & WILLIAMS, M. H. (1996) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-199604000-00013 · Cited by 78
Prospects and perspectives of natural plants products in medicine
Gupta (1994) · Indian Journal of Pharmacology · Cited by 78
The effects of a pre-workout supplement containing caffeine, creatine, and amino acids during three weeks of high-intensity exercise on aerobic and anaerobic performance
Smith‐Ryan, A. E., Fukuda, D. H., Kendall, K. L., & Stout, J. R. (2010) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1186/1550-2783-7-10 · Cited by 77
“Furthermore, rhodiola may act as a stimulant to optimize serotonin and dopamine levels [ 86 ].”
Background
Historical Perspectives on the Use of Herbal Preparations to Promote Health
Dubick, M. A. (1986) · Journal of Nutrition · doi:10.1093/jn/116.7.1348 · Cited by 77
Protective effect of extract of Acanthopanax senticosus harms on dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease mice
Liu, S., Li, X., Huo, Y., & Lü, F. (2012) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2012.02.006 · Cited by 77
Ginseng Root: A new Efficient and Effective Eco-Friendly Corrosion Inhibitor for Aluminium Alloy of type AA 1060 in Hydrochloric Acid Solution
Obot, I. B. B., & Obi-Egbedi, N. O. (2009) · International Journal of Electrochemical Science · doi:10.1016/s1452-3981(23)15221-7 · Cited by 76
The adaptogens rhodiola and schizandra modify the response to immobilization stress in rabbits by suppressing the increase of phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase, nitric oxide and cortisol.
Panossian, A. G., Hambardzumyan, M., Hovhanissyan, A., & Wikman, G. (2007) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 74
Antifatigue Effect of Rubus coreanus Miquel Extract in Mice
Jung, K., Han, D., Kwon, E.-K., Lee, C.-H., & Kim, Y.-E. (2007) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2006.006 · Cited by 74
Effects of ginseng saponin administered intraperitoneally on the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal axis in mice
Kim, D., Moon, Y.-S., Jung, J., et al. (2003) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00300-8 · Cited by 74
Therapeutic Effects and Safety of Rhodiola rosea Extract WS® 1375 in Subjects with Life‐stress Symptoms – Results of an Open‐label Study
Edwards, D., Heufelder, A. E., & Zimmermann, A. (2012) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.3712 · Cited by 78
(+)-Syringaresinol-di-O-β-d-glucoside, a phenolic compound from Acanthopanax senticosus Harms, suppresses proinflammatory mediators in SW982 human synovial sarcoma cells by inhibiting activating protein-1 and/or nuclear factor-κB activities
Yamazaki, T., Shimosaka, S., Sasaki, H., et al. (2007) · Toxicology in Vitro · doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2007.04.016 · Cited by 72
Effect of Panax Ginseng on Testosterone Level and Prostate in Male Rats
Fahim, M. S., Fahim, Z., Harman, J. M., Clevenger, T. E., Mullins, W., & Hafez, E. S. E. (1982) · Archives of Andrology · doi:10.3109/01485018208990207 · Cited by 72
Effects of heavy physical exercise and adaptogens on nitric oxide content in human saliva
Panossian, A. G., Oganessian, A. S., Ambartsumian, M., Gabrielian, E. S., Wagner, H., & Wikman, G. (1999) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/s0944-7113(99)80030-0 · Cited by 71
Adaptogens Stimulate Neuropeptide Y and Hsp72 Expression and Release in Neuroglia Cells
Panossian, A. G., Wikman, G., Kaur, P., & Asea, A. A. A. (2012) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2012.00006 · Cited by 71
“Adaptogens were initially defined as substances that enhance the “state of non-specific resistance” in stress (Brekhman and Dardymov, 1969; Panossian, 2003), a physiological condition that is linked with various disorders of the neuroendocrine–immune system (Stratakis and Chrousos, 1995).”
Background
The n-hexane and chloroform fractions of Piper betle L. trigger different arms of immune responses in BALB/c mice and exhibit antifilarial activity against human lymphatic filarid Brugia malayi
Singh, M., Shakya, S., Soni, V. K., Dangi, A., Kumar, N., & Bhattacharya, S.-M. (2009) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2009.02.012 · Cited by 68
“The concept of immunomodulation relates to non-specific activation of the function and efficiency of macrophages, granulocytes, complement, natural killer cells and lymphocytes, and also to the production of various effector molecules generated by activated cells [36].”
Background
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised study of single dose effects of ADAPT-232 on cognitive functions
Aslanyan, G., Amroyan, E., Gabrielyan, E., Nylander, M., Wikman, G., & Panossian, A. (2010) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2010.02.005 · Cited by 68
“A group of herbal preparations known collectively as adaptogens (Brekhman and Dardymov, 1969; Panossian et al., 1999; Panossian, 2004) can increase tolerance to mental exhaustion and may enhance attention in cases of decreased performance, such as in fatigue and in the sensation of weakness (Olsson et al.”
Background
Pharmacological Properties of Ginsenoside Re
Gao, X., Liu, G., Zhang, J.-X., Wang, L., Xu, C., Yan, Z.-A., Wang, A., Su, Y.-F., Lee, J.-J., Piao, G., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.754191 · Cited by 67
Panax ginsengRhodiola roseaandSchisandra chinensis
Chan, S. (2011) · International Journal of Food Sciences and Nutrition · doi:10.3109/09637486.2011.627840 · Cited by 68
Anti-Inflammatory and Neuroprotective Effects of Constituents Isolated fromRhodiola rosea
Lee, Y., Jung, J., Jang, S., Kim, J., Ali, Z., Khan, I. A., & Oh, S. (2013) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2013/514049 · Cited by 65
“rosea root contains about 28 compounds, of which salidroside (rhodioloside), rosavins, and p-tyrosol are thought to have themost critical therapeutic activity [4].”
Background
Beneficial effect of ginseng root in SOD-1 (G93A) transgenic mice
Jiang, F., DeSilva, S., & Turnbull, J. (2000) · Journal of the Neurological Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0022-510x(00)00421-4 · Cited by 65
Stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by the aqueous extract of Panax ginseng root in RAW 264.7 cells
Friedl, R., Moeslinger, T., Kopp, B., et al. (2001) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1038/sj.bjp.0704425 · Cited by 65
“It has been a well-known observation for a long time that ginseng `increases the nonspeci®c resistance' (Brekhman & Dardymov, 1969).”
Background
IN VITRO AND IN VIVO EXPERIMENTAL EFFECT OF KOREAN RED GINSENG ON ERECTION
Choi, Y. D., Rha, K. H., & Choi, H. K. (1999) · The Journal of Urology · doi:10.1016/s0022-5347(05)68349-8 · Cited by 63
The Role of Adaptogens in Prophylaxis and Treatment of Viral Respiratory Infections
Panossian, A. G., & Brendler, T. (2020) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph13090236 · Cited by 63
“Adaptogens increase “the state of non-specific resistance” of organisms [13] to harm [14,15], including bacterial and viral pathogens.”
Background
Effects of Ginseng on Secretory IgA, Performance, and Recovery from Interval Exercise
Engels, H.-J., FAHLMAN, M. M., & Wirth, J. C. (2003) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/01.mss.0000058363.23986.d2 · Cited by 62
Effect of leaves of Butea frondosa on stress, anxiety, and cognition in rats
Soman, I. (2004) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.05.022 · Cited by 62
Pretreatment with Rhodiola Rosea Extract Reduces Cognitive Impairment Induced by Intracerebroventricular Streptozotocin in Rats: Implication of Anti-oxidative and Neuroprotective Effects
Qu, Z.-Q., Zhou, Y., Zeng, Y., Yan, L., & Chung, P. C. K. (2009) · Biomedical and Environmental Sciences · doi:10.1016/s0895-3988(09)60062-3 · Cited by 61
“(rhodioloside), rosavins, and p-tyrosol are thought to have the most critical therapeutic activity([37]).”
Background
Anti-Inflammatory and Analgesic Activities of Ethanol Extract of Aerial Parts of Justicia gendarussa Burm.
Jothimaniv, C., Kumar, R. S., & Subramania, N. (2010) · International Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.3923/ijp.2010.278.283 · Cited by 61
Assessment and Nutraceutical Management of Stress-induced Adrenal Dysfunction
Anderson, D. C. (2008) · Cited by 57
Comparison between the Biological Active Compounds in Plants with Adaptogenic Properties (Rhaponticum carthamoides, Lepidium meyenii, Eleutherococcus senticosus and Panax ginseng)
Todorova, V., Ivanov, K., & Ivanova, S. (2021) · Plants · doi:10.3390/plants11010064 · Cited by 56
“from Crassulaceae family and Schisandra chinensis from Schisandraceae family are plants with adaptogenic properties [4].”
Background
Effect of Ocimum sanctum on noise induced changes in neutrophil functions
Archana, R., & Namasivayam, A. (2000) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(00)00281-6 · Cited by 56
Adaptogenic potential of andrographolide: An active principle of the king of bitters (Andrographis paniculata)
Thakur, A. K., Chatterjee, S. S., & Kumar, V. (2014) · Journal of Traditional and Complementary Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jtcme.2014.10.002 · Cited by 56
Perioperative Risks and Benefits of Herbal Supplements in Aesthetic Surgery
Rowe, D. J., & Baker, A. C. (2009) · Aesthetic Surgery Journal · doi:10.1016/j.asj.2009.01.002 · Cited by 56
Induction of phenotypic reverse transformation by ginsenosides in cultured Morris hepatoma cells
Odashima, S., Nakayabu, Y., Honjo, N., et al. (1979) · European Journal of Cancer (1965) · doi:10.1016/0014-2964(79)90230-5 · Cited by 56
Evaluation of antiasthmatic activity of Clitoria ternatea L. roots
Taur, D. J., & Patil, R. Y. (2011) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2011.04.064 · Cited by 56
Antiulcer activity of Tinospora cordifolia Miers and Centella asiatica linn extracts
Sarma, D. N. K., Khosa, R. L., Chansauria, J. P. N., et al. (1995) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.2650090811 · Cited by 55
Immunopotentiating significance of conventionally used plant adaptogens as modulators in biochemical and molecular signalling pathways in cell mediated processes
Kaur, P., Robin, R., Makanjuola, V. O., Arora, R., Singh, B., & Arora, S. (2017) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2017.09.081 · Cited by 54
Rhodiola rosea as an adaptogen to enhance exercise performance: a review of the literature
Tinsley, G. M., Jagim, A. R., Potter, G. D., Garner, D., & Galpin, A. J. (2023) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114523001988 · Cited by 57
“The physiological effects of RR ingestion are thought to arise from its roles as an adaptogen, a term historically applied to substances that cause ‘ a state of non-specifically increased resistance to stress ’ (3) .”
Background
Anti-stress Constituents of Evolvulus alsinoides: An Ayurvedic Crude Drug
Gupta, P., Akanksha, A., Siripurapu, K. B., Ahmad, A., Palit, G., Arora, A., & Maurya, R. (2007) · Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin · doi:10.1248/cpb.55.771 · Cited by 53
Antistress and antiallergic effects ofFicus bengalensisbark in asthma
Taur, D., Nirmal, S., Patil, R., et al. (2007) · Natural Product Research · doi:10.1080/14786410701757330 · Cited by 53
Enhancement of eleutherosides production in embryogenic cultures of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus in response to sucrose-induced osmotic stress
Shohael, A. M., Chakrabarty, D., Ali, M. B., et al. (2005) · Process Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/j.procbio.2005.09.005 · Cited by 52
“The cortical tissues of its roots are used primarily for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic and diuretic action [1].”
A current status of adaptogens: Natural remedy to stress
Pawar, V. S., & Shivakumar, H. (2012) · Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Disease · doi:10.1016/s2222-1808(12)60207-2 · Cited by 52
“Adaptogens like Panax ginseng were shown to be effective in attenuating stress induced adverse effects in astronauts, soldiers and athletes in the USSR [4].”
Background
Pharmacognosy: phytomedicines and their mechanisms
Larkins, N., & Wynn, S. G. (2004) · Veterinary Clinics of North America Small Animal Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2003.09.006 · Cited by 53
“The eleutherosides had an insulin-like activity in diabetic rats [140], and the eleutherans have been shown to be hypoglycemic [141].”
Background
Impact of Chisan® (ADAPT-232) on the quality-of-life and its efficacy as an adjuvant in the treatment of acute non-specific pneumonia
Narimanyan, M., Badalyan, M., Panosyan, V., Gabrielyan, E. S., Panossian, A. G., Wikman, G., & Wagner, H. (2005) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2004.11.004 · Cited by 52
“Members of this group of medications are innocuous agents which non-specifically increase the resistance of an individual against physical, chemical or biological factors (‘‘stressors’’) by normalising their effect independent of the nature of pathologic state (Brekhman and Dardymov, 1968).”
Background
Adaptogenic and anti-amnesic properties of in rodents
SIRIPURAPU, K., GUPTA, P., BHATIA, G., MAURYA, R., NATH, C., & PALIT, G. (2005) · Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2005.03.003 · Cited by 51
Inhibition of inducible nitric oxide synthase by Acanthopanax senticosus extract in RAW264.7 macrophages
Lin, Q., Jin, L., Cao, Z., & Xu, Y. (2008) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.04.003 · Cited by 51
Application of bioreactor system for large-scale production of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus somatic embryos in an air-lift bioreactor and production of eleutherosides
Shohael, A. M., Chakrabarty, D., Yu, K., et al. (2005) · Journal of Biotechnology · doi:10.1016/j.jbiotec.2005.06.010 · Cited by 51
Aralia elata var. mandshurica (Rupr. & Maxim.) J.Wen: An overview of pharmacological studies
Shikov, A. N., Pozharitskaya, O. N., & Makarov, V. G. (2016) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2016.07.011 · Cited by 50
Phyto-adaptogens protect against environmental stress-induced death of embryos from the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis
Boon-Niermeijer, E. K., van den Berg, A. J. J., Wikman, G., & Wiegant, F. A. C. (2000) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/s0944-7113(00)80060-4 · Cited by 51
“Introduction An increase in non-specific resistance to various stress conditions including exposure to toxic conditions has been reported frequently when organisms were treated with phyto-adaptogens (Brekhman and Dardymov 1969, Brekhman 1980; Wagner et al 1994; Wagner 1995).”
Background
Saponins with Biological and Pharmacological Activity
Shibata, S. (1977) · Proceedings in life sciences · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-66682-7_7 · Cited by 50
Protective effects of aqueous extract from Acanthopanax senticosus against corticosterone-induced neurotoxicity in PC12 cells
Wu, F., Li, H., Zhao, L., Li, X., You, J., Jiang, Q., Li, S., Jin, L., & Xu, Y. (2013) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2013.05.026 · Cited by 49
Regional Anesthesia in the Anticoagulated Patient
Horlocker, T. T., Wedel, D. J., Benzon, H. T., Brown, D., Enneking, K. F., Heit, J. A., Mulroy, M. F., Rosenquist, R. W., Rowlingson, J. C., Tryba, M., et al. (2003) · Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine · doi:10.1097/00115550-200305000-00004 · Cited by 63
New experimental model for the evaluation of adaptogenic products
Ramachandran, U., Divekar, H. M., Grover, S. K., & Srivastava, K. (1990) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/0378-8741(90)90038-u · Cited by 49
Teratogenicity of Asparagus racemosus Willd. root, a herbal medicine.
Goel, R. K., Prabha, T., Kumar, M. M., et al. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 48
Evaluation of Herbal Medicinal Products
Ernst, E. K. (2010) · Focus on Alternative and Complementary Therapies · doi:10.1111/j.2042-7166.2010.tb05953.x · Cited by 48
Anti-stress and anti-oxidant effects of roots of Chlorophytum borivilianum (Santa Pau & Fernandes).
Kenjale, R., Shah, R. K., & Sathaye, S. S. (2007) · PubMed · Cited by 49
Herbs in exercise and sports
Chen, C. K., Muhamad, A. S., & Ooi, F. K. (2012) · Journal of PHYSIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY · doi:10.1186/1880-6805-31-4 · Cited by 49
Cerebral metabonomics study on Parkinson's disease mice treated with extract of Acanthopanax senticosus harms
Li, X., Zhang, S., Lü, F., et al. (2013) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2013.06.002 · Cited by 47
Ginseng does not Enhance Psychological Well-Being in Healthy, Young Adults
Cardinal, B. J., & Engels, H.-J. (2001) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(01)00165-1 · Cited by 47
NCDEU update. Natural product formulations available in europe for psychotropic indications.
Cott, J. M. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 47
Withania somnifera Root Extract Has Potent Cytotoxic Effect against Human Malignant Melanoma Cells
Halder, B., Singh, S., & Thakur, S. S. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0137498 · Cited by 46
“It can generate a state of non-specific increased resistance (SNIR) to the adverse effects acquired from different physical, chemical, and biological agents [3].”
Background
Evaluation of adaptogenic-like property of methyl jasmonate in mice exposed to unpredictable chronic mild stress
Umukoro, S., Aluko, O. M., Eduviere, A. T., & Owoeye, O. (2015) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.11.016 · Cited by 44
Bioactive lipids in gintonin-enriched fraction from ginseng
Cho, H., Choi, S.-H., Kim, H., Lee, B.-H., Rhim, H., Kim, H., Hwang, S., & Nah, S.-Y. (2017) · Journal of Ginseng Research · doi:10.1016/j.jgr.2017.11.006 · Cited by 47
Panax ginseng and Eleutherococcus senticosus may exaggerate an already existing biphasic response to stress via inhibition of enzymes which limit the binding of stress hormones to their receptors
Gaffney, B. T., Hügel, H., & Rich, P. (2001) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1054/mehy.2000.1163 · Cited by 46
Red Ginseng Root Extract Mixed with Torilus Fructus and Corni Fructus Improves Facial Wrinkles and Increases Type I Procollagen Synthesis in Human Skin: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study
Cho, S., Won, C. H., Lee, D. H., Lee, M.-J., Lee, S., So, S.-H., Lee, S.-K., Koo, B.-S., Kim, N., & Chung, J. H. (2009) · Journal of Medicinal Food · doi:10.1089/jmf.2008.1390 · Cited by 44
Induction of G1 cell cycle arrest and p27KIP1 increase by panaxydol isolated from Panax ginseng
Moon, J., Yu, S.-J., Kim, H.-S., & Sohn, J. (2000) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0006-2952(00)00235-5 · Cited by 44
Effect of lyophilized extracts from guaraná seeds [Paullinia cupana var. sorbilis (Mart.) Ducke] on behavioral profiles in rats
Otobone, F. J., Sanches, A. C. C., Nagae, R. L., Martins, J. V. C., Sela, V. R., de Mello, J. C. P., & Audi, E. A. (2007) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.2089 · Cited by 44
Prevention of Urethane - Induced Lung Adenomas byWithania somnifera(L.) Dunal in Albino Mice
Singh, N. B., Singh, S. P., Nath, R., et al. (1986) · International Journal of Crude Drug Research · doi:10.3109/13880208609083312 · Cited by 43
Modulation of Oxidative and Antioxidative Status in Diabetes by Asphaltum Panjabinum
Saxena, N., Dwivedi, U. N., Singh, R. K., Kumar, A., Chhavi, S., Saxena, R. C., & Saxena, M. (2003) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.26.8.2469-a · Cited by 41
Findings of Russian literature on the clinical application of Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.): A narrative review
Gerontakos, S., Taylor, A., Avdeeva, A. Y., Shikova, V. A., Pozharitskaya, O. N., Casteleijn, D., Wardle, J., & Shikov, A. N. (2021) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2021.114274 · Cited by 41
Acanthopanax senticosus suppresses reactive oxygen species production by mouse peritoneal macrophages in vitro and in vivo
Lin, Q., Jin, L., Cao, Z., Lu, Y., Xue, H., & Xu, Y. (2008) · Phytotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/ptr.2341 · Cited by 41
Heteropterys aphrodisiaca (extract BST0298): a Brazilian plant that improves memory in aged rats
Galvão, S. M. P., Marques, L. C., Oliveira, M. G. M., & Carlini, E. A. (2002) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0378-8741(01)00402-0 · Cited by 41
“The concept of adaptogenic effect has been developed during the past 30 years as the scientific basis for the popular use of plants as a ‘tonic’, but which do not show any effects when studied by classical methods (Brekhman and Dardymov, 1969; Carlini, 1991).”
Background
The Systemic Theory of Living Systems and Relevance to CAM
Rangel, J. A. O. (2005) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/neh068 · Cited by 41
Improved high-performance liquid chromatographic method for the analysis of ginsenosides in Panax Ginseng extracts and products
Pietta, P., Mauri, P., & Rava, A. (1986) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/s0021-9673(00)91482-1 · Cited by 41
Anatomy of the Vegetative Organs and Secretory Structures of Rhaponticum carthamoides (Asteraceae)
ŁOTOCKA, B., & GESZPRYCH, A. (2004) · Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society · doi:10.1111/j.1095-8339.2003.00251.x · Cited by 40
Evaluation of molecular chaperons Hsp72 and neuropeptide Y as characteristic markers of adaptogenic activity of plant extracts
Asea, A. A. A., Kaur, P., Panossian, A. G., & Wikman, G. (2013) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2013.07.001 · Cited by 44
In vivo anti-ulcer, anti-stress, anti-allergic, and functional properties of Gymnemic Acid Isolated from Gymnema sylvestre R Br
Arun, L. B., Arunachalam, A. M., Arunachalam, K. D., Annamalai, S. K., & Kumar, K. A. (2014) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/1472-6882-14-70 · Cited by 40
“So, as reported by Brahmans and Dardymov,1969 [48] the most important characteristic of an adaptogen, is its ability to increase resistance to adverse influences of a wide range of physical, chemical and biological factors; irrespective of the previous pathologic condition.”
Background
Rhodiola rosea in Subjects with Prolonged or Chronic Fatigue Symptoms: Results of an Open-Label Clinical Trial
Lekomtseva, Y., Zhukova, I. A., & Wacker, A. (2017) · Complementary Medicine Research · doi:10.1159/000457918 · Cited by 48
Adaptogenic activity of glyco-peptido-lipid fraction from the alcoholic extract of Trichopus zeylanicus Gaerten (part II).
Singh, B., Chandan, B., Sharma, N., Singh, S., Khajuria, A., & Gupta, D. (2005) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2005.01.009 · Cited by 42
Rosavin as a product of glycosylation by Rhodiola rosea (roseroot) cell cultures
Furmanowa, M., Hartwich, M., Alfermann, A. W., et al. (1999) · Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) · doi:10.1023/a:1006232023274 · Cited by 40
“Adaptogens, as defined by Brekhman and Dardymov (1969) , are biologically active substances found in medicinal plants which help the body to adapt to the changes and stress of life by increasing the nonspecific resistance.”
BackgroundInfluential
A Review of Ginseng Clinical Trials Registered in the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform
He, Y., Yang, J., Lv, Y., Chen, J., Yin, F., Huang, J., & Zheng, Q. (2018) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2018/1843142 · Cited by 40
“In traditional Chinese medicine, ginseng is usually described as an “adaptogen,” a substance that can assist an organism in overcoming various types of stress and restore homeostasis [3].”
Background
Oplopanax elatus (Nakai) Nakai: chemistry, traditional use and pharmacology
Shikov, A. N., Pozharitskaya, O. N., Makarov, V. G., Yang, W., & Guo, D. (2014) · Chinese Journal of Natural Medicines · doi:10.1016/s1875-5364(14)60111-4 · Cited by 39
“increase the power of resistance against multiple (physical, chemical, or biological) stressors; have a normalizing effect, irrespective of the nature of the pathology and be non-toxic; be innocuous and not influence normal body functions more than required ([35-36]).”
Background
Bergenia crassifolia (L.) Fritsch – Pharmacology and phytochemistry
Shikov, A. N., Pozharitskaya, O. N., Макарова, М. Н., Makarov, V. G., & Wagner, H. (2014) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2014.06.009 · Cited by 39
“increase the power of resistance against multiple physical, chemical or biological) stressors; have a normalizing ffect, irrespective of the nature of the pathology and be non toxic; e innocuous and not influence normal body functions more than equired (Brekhman and Dardymov, 1969; Panossian et al., 1999).”
Background
Adaptogenic potential of royal jelly in liver of rats exposed to chronic stress
Caixeta, D. C., Teixeira, R. R., Peixoto, L. G., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0191889 · Cited by 38
A literature review of the studies concerning selected plant-derived adaptogens and their general function in body with a focus on animal studies
Esmaealzadeh, N., Iranpanah, A., Sarris, J. J., & Rahimi, R. (2022) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154354 · Cited by 48
Network Pharmacology of Adaptogens in the Assessment of Their Pleiotropic Therapeutic Activity
Panossian, A., & Efferth, T. (2022) · Pharmaceuticals · doi:10.3390/ph15091051 · Cited by 49
“In the past century, Brekhman and Dardimov suggested that some of the “Ginsenglike” plants can increase the so-called “state of nonspecific resistance” of an organism to stress, resulting in tonic, stress-protective, and adaptogenic activity [110].”
Background
Involvement of monoamines and proinflammatory cytokines in mediating the anti-stress effects of Panax quinquefolium
Rasheed, N., Tyagi, E., Ahmad, A., Siripurapu, K. B., Lahiri, S., Shukla, R., & Palit, G. (2008) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.01.035 · Cited by 37
Anti‐stress and Adaptogenic Activity of l‐Arginine Supplementation
Gupta, V., Gupta, A., Saggu, S., Divekar, H. M., Grover, K., & Kumar, R. (2004) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1093/ecam/neh054 · Cited by 38
Effect of petroleum ether extract of Panax ginseng roots on proliferation and cell cycle progression of human renal cell carcinoma cells
Sohn, J., Lee, C., Chung, D. J., et al. (1998) · Experimental & Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1038/emm.1998.7 · Cited by 37
“The most extensively studied component of P a n a x ginseng for its activity is a glycoside, saponin (Brekman and Dardymov, 1969).”
Background
Neferine prevents autophagy induced by hypoxia through activation of Akt/mTOR pathway and Nrf2 in muscle cells
Baskaran, R., Poornima, P., Priya, L. B., Huang, C., & Padma, V. V. (2016) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2016.08.063 · Cited by 36
“Such substances have been described as ‘adaptogens’ [8].”
Background
Gintonin Attenuates D-Galactose-Induced Hippocampal Senescence by Improving Long-Term Hippocampal Potentiation, Neurogenesis, and Cognitive Functions
Nam, S. M., Hwang, H., Seo, M., Chang, B., Kim, H., Choi, S.-H., Rhim, H., Kim, H., Cho, I., & Nah, S.-Y. (2018) · Gerontology · doi:10.1159/000491113 · Cited by 35
Effect of seabuckthorn leaf extracts on circulating energy fuels, lipid peroxidation and antioxidant parameters in rats during exposure to cold, hypoxia and restraint (C–H–R) stress and post stress recovery
Saggu, S., & Kumar, R. (2008) · Phytomedicine · doi:10.1016/j.phymed.2007.11.002 · Cited by 36
An Experimental Evaluation of Anti-Stress Effects of ‘Geriforte’ (an Ayurvedic Drug)
Singh, N., Nath, R., Mishra, N., et al. (1978) · Quarterly Journal of Crude Drug Research · doi:10.3109/13880207809083261 · Cited by 36
“Recently some plant substances (crude extracts) have been described to induce a state of nonspecifically increased resistance (SNIR) in experimental animals and man (Brekhman, 1967; Brekhman and Dordymov, 1969).”
Background
Immunomopharmacological effects of polysaccharides from Acanthopanax senticosus on experimental animals
Shen, M. L., Zhai, S. K., Chen, H. L., Luo, Y. D., Tu, G. R., & Ou, D. (1991) · International Journal of Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/0192-0561(91)90075-i · Cited by 36
Phospholipid Based Colloidal Nanocarriers for Enhanced Solubility and Therapeutic Efficacy of Withanolides
Saoji, S. D., Rarokar, N. R., Dhore, P. W., Dube, S. O., Gurav, N. S., Gurav, S. S., & Raut, N. A. (2022) · Journal of Drug Delivery Science and Technology · doi:10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103251 · Cited by 37
Increased eleutheroside production in Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus embryogenic suspension cultures with methyl jasmonate treatment
Shohael, A. M., Murthy, H. N., Hahn, E. J., et al. (2007) · Biochemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.bej.2007.07.010 · Cited by 35
Panax ginseng and Eleuthrococcus senticosus extracts - in vitro studies on binding to steroid receptors.
Pearce, P., Zois, I., WYNNE, K. N., et al. (1982) · Endocrinologia Japonica · doi:10.1507/endocrj1954.29.567 · Cited by 35
American and korean ginseng tissue cultures: Growth, chemical analysis, and plantlet production
Jhang, J. J., Staba, E. J., & Kim, J. Y. (1974) · In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology - Plant · doi:10.1007/bf02616071 · Cited by 35
“Russian pharmacologists (1, 2) have summarized their studies and reported the plant to possess anabolic, adaptogenic, anti-stress, hypothermic, central nervous system stimulation, radioproteetive, antibiotic, minor hyperglycemic, and anti-cancer activity.”
Background
Comprehensive fecal metabolomics and gut microbiota for the evaluation of the mechanism of Panax Ginseng in the treatment of Qi-deficiency liver cancer
Hou, Z., Song, F., Xing, J., Zheng, Z., Liu, S., & Liu, Z. (2022) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2022.115222 · Cited by 33
Anti-Stress Effect of Ginseng on the Inhibition of the Development of Morphine Tolerance in Stressed Mice.
Takahashi, M., Tokuyama, S., & Kaneto, H. (1992) · The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1254/jjp.59.399 · Cited by 34

Authors: Brekhman, I. I., & Dardymov, I. V.
Venue: Annual Review of Pharmacology
Publisher: Annual Reviews
Published: 1969-04
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 419-430
ISSN: 0066-4251 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1146/annurev.pa.09.040169.002223
OpenAlex: W2102596758
Cited by: 595
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 24 · 2012: 26
FWCI: 1.45
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Annual Review of Pharmacology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Medicinal Plant Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Medicinal plant effects and applications
Physical Sciences › Chemistry › Organic Chemistry › Natural product bioactivities and synthesis
Keywords: plant extracts, non-specific immunity, immunostimulants, phytochemicals, host defense
MeSH terms: Animals, Chemistry, Drug Resistance, Microbial, Glycosides, Nucleic Acids, Plant Extracts, Plants, Protein Biosynthesis, Mice, Chemical Phenomena

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

New Substances of Plant Origin which Increase Nonspecific Resistance

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks