Adiponectin is expressed by skeletal muscle fibers and influences muscle phenotype and function
Open accessAbstract
Adiponectin (Ad) is linked to various disease states and mediates antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory effects. While it was originally thought that Ad expression was limited to adipocytes, we demonstrate here that Ad is expressed in mouse skeletal muscles and within differentiated L6 myotubes, as assessed by RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemical analyses. Serial muscle sections stained for fiber type, lipid content, and Ad revealed that muscle fibers with elevated intramyocellular Ad expression were consistently type IIA and IID fibers with detectably higher intramyocellular lipid (IMCL) content. To determine the effect of Ad on muscle phenotype and function, we used an Ad-null [knockout (KO)] mouse model. Body mass increased significantly in 24-wk-old KO mice [+5.5 +/- 3% relative to wild-type mice (WT)], with no change in muscle mass observed. IMCL content was significantly increased (+75.1 +/- 25%), whereas epididymal fat mass, although elevated, was not different in the KO mice compared with WT (+35.1 +/- 23%; P = 0.16). Fiber-type composition was unaltered, although type IIB fiber area was increased in KO mice (+25.5 +/- 6%). In situ muscle stimulation revealed lower peak tetanic forces in KO mice relative to WT (-47.5 +/- 6%), with no change in low-frequency fatigue rates. These data demonstrate that the absence of Ad expression causes contractile dysfunction and phenotypical changes in skeletal muscle. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Ad is expressed in skeletal muscle and that its intramyocellular localization is associated with elevated IMCL, particularly in type IIA/D fibers.
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ApN can also be a true myokine.
“Besides being an adipokine, ApN can also be a true myokine [36,37].”
From Adiponectin and Its Mimics on Skeletal Muscle: Insulin Sensitizers, Fat Burners, Exercise Mimickers, Muscling Pills … or Everything Together? (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
Muscle of ApN-KO mice showed contractile dysfunction in situ.
“Moreover, muscle of ApN-KO mice showed contractile dysfunction in situ [37].”
From Adiponectin and Its Mimics on Skeletal Muscle: Insulin Sensitizers, Fat Burners, Exercise Mimickers, Muscling Pills … or Everything Together? (2020) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Krause, M. P., Liu, Y., Vu, V., Chan, L., Xu, A., Riddell, M. C., Sweeney, G., & Hawke, T. J.
- Affiliations
- York University (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 295
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- C203-C212
- ISSN
- 0363-6143 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1563
- PMC
- PMC2493546
- OpenAlex
- W2072137305
- Cited by
- 168
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 3.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Adipose Tissue and Metabolism
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
- Keywords
- adiponectin, skeletal muscle, intramyocellular lipid, muscle fiber type, type IIA fibers, type IIb muscle fibers, muscle contractility, adiponectin knockout mice, muscle hypertrophy, epididymal adipose tissue, muscle fatigue, L6 myotubes
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Line, Phenotype, Mice, Knockout, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Fibers, Skeletal, Mice, Adiponectin
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