Influence of prolonged endurance cycling and recovery diet on intramuscular triglyceride content in trained males
Open accessAbstract
Intramuscular triglycerides (IMTG) are assumed to form an important substrate source during prolonged endurance exercise in trained males. This study investigated the effects of endurance exercise and recovery diet on IMTG content in vastus lateralis muscle. Nine male cyclists were provided with a standardized diet for 3 days, after which they performed a 3-h exercise trial at a 55% maximum workload. Before and immediately after exercise and after 24 and 48 h of recovery, magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) was performed to quantitate IMTG content. Muscle biopsies were taken after 48 h of recovery to determine IMTG content by using quantitative fluorescence microscopy. The entire procedure was performed two times; in one trial, a normal diet containing 39% energy (En%) as fat was provided (NF) and in the other a typical carbohydrate-rich athlete's diet (LF: 24 En% fat) was provided. During exercise, IMTG content decreased by 21.4 ± 3.1%. During recovery, IMTG content increased significantly in the NF trial only, reaching preexercise levels within 48 h. In accord with MRS, fluorescence microscopy showed significantly higher IMTG content in the NF compared with the LF trial, with differences restricted to the type I muscle fibers (2.1 ± 0.2 vs. 1.4 ± 0.2% area lipid staining, respectively). In conclusion, IMTG content in the vastus lateralis muscle declines significantly during prolonged endurance exercise in male cyclists. When a normal diet is used, IMTG contents are subsequently repleted within 48 h of postexercise recovery. In contrast, IMTG repletion is impaired substantially when a typical, carbohydrate-rich athlete's diet is used. Data obtained by quantitative fluorescence microscopy correspond well with MRS results, implying that both are valid methods to quantify IMTG content.
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- Authors
- van Loon, L. J. C., Schrauwen-Hinderling, V. B., Koopman, R., Wagenmakers, A. J. M., Hesselink, M. K. C., Schaart, G., Kooi, M. E., & Saris, W. H. M.
- Affiliations
- Maastricht University (NL)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 285
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- E804-E811
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2100240363
- Cited by
- 74
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 2.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- TU/e Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- TU/e Research Portal (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports Performance and Training
- Keywords
- intramuscular triglycerides, endurance cycling, dietary fat intake, vastus lateralis, type I muscle fibers, energy substrate utilization, trained cyclists, magnetic resonance spectroscopy, quantitative fluorescence microscopy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Dietary Carbohydrates, Energy Metabolism, Exercise Test, Humans, Male, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Oxygen Consumption, Physical Endurance, Triglycerides, Muscle, Skeletal, Diet, Fat-Restricted
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