Adaptive reciprocity of lipid and glucose metabolism in human short-term starvation
Abstract
The human organism has tools to cope with metabolic challenges like starvation that are crucial for survival. Lipolysis, lipid oxidation, ketone body synthesis, tailored endogenous glucose production and uptake, and decreased glucose oxidation serve to protect against excessive erosion of protein mass, which is the predominant supplier of carbon chains for synthesis of newly formed glucose. The starvation response shows that the adaptation to energy deficit is very effective and coordinated with different adaptations in different organs. From an evolutionary perspective, this lipid-induced effect on glucose oxidation and uptake is very strong and may therefore help to understand why insulin resistance in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus is difficult to treat. The importance of reciprocity in lipid and glucose metabolism during human starvation should be taken into account when studying lipid and glucose metabolism in general and in pathophysiological conditions in particular.
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Physiological regulation of insulin function can be viewed as an adaptive mechanism to regulate the metabolic pathway of insulin signaling (PI-3K) in response to changing environmental conditions or during normal alterations of internal states.
“Physiological regulation of insulin function can be viewed as an adaptive mechanism to regulate the metabolic pathway of insulin signaling (PI-3K), in response to changing environmental conditions [starvation, fear, stress] [164,165] or during normal alterations of internal states (pregnancy, lactation, adolescence) [65,146,152].”
From Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: An Evolutionary Adaptation to Lifestyle and the Environment (2022) · cites this paper as [164]
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Soeters, M. R., Soeters, P. B., Schooneman, M. G., Houten, S. M., & Romijn, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Amsterdam UMC Location University of Amsterdam (NL)
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Soeters, Maarten R.
- Venue
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2012-12-15
- Volume
- 303
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- E1397-E1407
- ISSN
- 0193-1849 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1555
- OpenAlex
- W2075695479
- Cited by
- 177
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 0.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion)
- Pure Amsterdam UMC (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
- Keywords
- short-term starvation, lipid metabolism, glucose metabolism, lipolysis, lipid oxidation, ketone body synthesis, gluconeogenesis, glucose uptake, glucose oxidation, protein sparing, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Physiological, Glucose, Humans, Insulin Resistance, Lipolysis, Liver, Organ Specificity, Severity of Illness Index, Starvation, Muscle, Skeletal, Lipid Metabolism, Adipose Tissue, White
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