The DOI matches its Crossref record; 23 of the 23 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Validation of tetrapolar bioelectrical impedance method to assess human body composition
Abstract
This study was conducted to validate the relationship between bioelectrical conductance (ht2/R) and densitometrically determined fat-free mass, and to compare the prediction errors of body fatness derived from the tetrapolar impedance method and skinfold thicknesses, relative to hydrodensitometry. One-hundred and fourteen male and female subjects, aged 18–50 yr, with a wide range of fat-free mass (34–96 kg) and percent body fat (4–41%), participated. For males, densitometrically determined fat-free mass was correlated highly (r = 0.979), with fat-free mass predicted from tetrapolar conductance measures using an equation developed for males in a previous study. For females, the correlation between measured fat-free mass and values predicted from the combined (previous and present male data) equation for men also was strong (r = 0.954). The regression coefficients in the male and female regression equations were not significantly different. Relative to hydrodensitometry, the impedance method had a lower predictive error or standard error of the estimates of estimating body fatness than did a standard anthropometric technique (2.7 vs. 3.9%). Therefore this study establishes the validity and reliability of the tetrapolar impedance method for use in assessment of body composition in healthy humans.
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In the citing paper
“The BIA equation developed in this study (R2 = 0.97; SRMSE= 1.99) was similar to or better than those obtained with other equations designed with comparable sample sizes, such as that of Lukasky (84 males; 67 females) [27] based on hydrodensitometry (R2 = 0.96; SEE = 3.06), or of Baumgartner (35 males; 63 females)[28] based on a four compartment model (R2 = 0.91; SEE = 2.47).”
In the citing paper
“The body composition variables selected in the final model of this study have been reported as the best predictors in BIA equations designed to estimate FFM [25-27].”
In the citing paper
“The explanation for this could be that limb length and body weight are positively related to resistance, which is the main predictor of FFM estimated with BIA [27].”
In the citing paper
“There is limited information available regarding EQ3 development sample.The subjects ranged in age from 19 to 50 years, and the mean FFM was 60.2 kg, which was notably higher than our sample (Lukaski et al., 1986).”
From External validation of bioelectrical impedance analysis equations for body composition against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Mexican recreational runners (2025) · cites this paper as Lukaski et al., 1986
In the citing paper
“The Lukaski (22) and Kushner (21) equations provided estimates that were unaffected by the participants' body weight, but only the Lukaski equation ( 22) provided unbiased estimates.”
From Comparison of Body Composition Methods in Obese African‐American Women (2006) · cites this paper as [22]
In the citing paper
“Bio-electrical impedance analysis (BIA) is used in population and clinical studies as a technique for estimating body composition.”
From Prediction of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis in young adults from five populations of African origin (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“Bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) has been used as a less expensive alternative for estimating body composition in both adults and children (3).”
From Prediction of fat-free mass using bioelectrical impedance analysis in young adults from five populations of African origin (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
In the citing paper
“The BIA 101 Akern is a valid and reliable alternative to dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) for the assessment of body composition and has been used in various other studies [7,52–54].”
From How reliable is the labeling of a commercial phytosteroid product? A 12-week randomized double-blind training study (2025) · cites this paper as [53]
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“However, it can also cause a 5 kg underestimation of fat-free mass and an overestimation of body fat [34] which may relatively affect body composition assessment through BIA.”
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Nutrition de l'agressé : évaluation de la composition corporelle et des fonctions
Melchior, J. (1998) · Nutrition Clinique et Métabolisme · doi:10.1016/s0985-0562(98)80021-6 · Cited by 3
Body fluids, atrial volumes and atrial natriuretic peptide during and after high-altitude exposure
Ponchia, A., Noventa, D., Zaccaria, M., et al. (1995) · Wilderness and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1016/s1080-6032(13)80004-x · Cited by 3
Rabeneck, L., Risser, J., Crane, M. M., et al. (1993) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80424-5 · Cited by 3
Anthropometry: Classical and Modern Approaches
Roche, A. F., Baumgartner, R., & Guo, S. S. (1991) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-747025-2.50020-3 · Cited by 3
Preuss, L. E., & Bolin, F. P. (1988) · PubMed · Cited by 3
Neurohormonal mechanisms in insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes
Lindmark, S. (2004) · KTH Publication Database DiVA (KTH Royal Institute of Technology) · Cited by 3
Dissemond, J., Havers, T., Held, S., Geisler, S., Kostov, T., Diel, P., Türschmann, S., Parr, M. K., & Isenmann, E. (2025) · Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition · doi:10.1080/15502783.2025.2540408 · Cited by 2
Więch, P., Muster, M., Godek, Ł., Sałacińska, I., Guty, E., Kucaba, G., & Bazaliński, D. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11010049 · Cited by 2
Açar, Y., & Köksal, E. (2025) · Current Nutrition Reports · doi:10.1007/s13668-024-00597-x · Cited by 7
Effect of a 12-week exercise program on phase angle in women with breast cancer
Escriche-Escuder, A., García‐Almeida, J. M., Vegas-Aguilar, I. M., Pajares, B., Alba, E., Trinidad‐Fernández, M., Roldán‐Jiménez, C., & Vargas, A. I. C. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-09443-4 · Cited by 2
“Then, BIA measurements were performed according to the manufacturer’s guidelines [26].”
Valder, S., Schick, F., Pietsch, N., Wagner, T., Urban, H., Lindemann, P., Riemer, L., Quenzer, S., Herdegen, V., Diel, P. R., et al. (2025) · Nutrition Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases · doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2025.104121 · Cited by 3
Zhou, X., Yiannakou, I., Yuan, M., Singer, M. R., & Moore, L. L. (2025) · European Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1038/s41430-025-01601-5 · Cited by 2
“Prevalent hypertension was de fi ned using the modi fi ed Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure [21].”
Kwaro, D., Kassem, N., Munga, S., Muma, J. O., Gunga, H., Barteit, S., & Maggioni, M. A. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-24373-w · Cited by 3
“Bioimpedance analyzer (BIA 101, AKERN, Italy) Body composition is assessed monthly using bioimpedance analysis (BIA), with electrodes placed on the hand and foot according to the manufacturer and literature guidelines [78, 79].”
Age–Related Differences in Body Composition in Egyptian Obese Females
(2013) · Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.3889/mjms.1857-5773.2012.0252 · Cited by 2
“In the present study, body composition was measured using BIA on the basis of the water content in the body [13].”
MethodTanni, S. É., do Vale, S. A., Lopes, P. S., Guiotoko, M. M., de Godoy, I., & Godoy, I. (2007) · Cited by 2
Ketogenic Diet and Physical Exercise on Managing Tarlov Cysts: A Case Report
Cannataro, R., Lorenzo, C. D., Iazzolino, M., Caroleo, M. C., Gallelli, L., Sarro, G. D., & Cione, E. (2022) · Reports — Medical Cases Images and Videos · doi:10.3390/reports5020012 · Cited by 2
“Bioimpedance Analysis The bioimpedance analyzer used for bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was a BIA 101 Anniversary, Akern, Florence, Italy [7,8], and was used with alternating current at a frequency of 50 kHz.”
MethodDobrowolski, H., & Włodarek, D. (2023) · Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny · doi:10.32394/rpzh.2023.0253 · Cited by 2
Study of Different Body Parameters for Health Monitoring
Brajesh, K., Pal, K., & Khan, M. (2023) · doi:10.1109/reedcon57544.2023.10150950 · Cited by 2
“In practical BIA can be measured in SF-BIA and MF-BIA range [6-7].”
MethodResultInfluentialPrediction of resting energy expenditure in Italian older adults with severe obesity
Danielewicz, A. L., Lazzer, S., Marra, A., Abbruzzese, L., D’Alleva, M., Martino, M. D., Isola, M., de Avelar, N. C. P., Mendonça, V. A., Lacerda, A. C. R., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1283155 · Cited by 2
van Mantgem, M. R. J., D’Ancona, M. L. S., Meyjes, M., et al. (2024) · Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Degeneration · doi:10.1080/21678421.2023.2300963 · Cited by 2
“Finally, we performed two sensitivity analyses: (1) we used the equation defined by Lukaski et al. to calculate FFM (kg) in order to assess the degree of accuracy between the equations of Kyle et al. and Lukaski et al. (35), as the latter has previously been used as best fitting equation for patients with ALS (36), an…”
MethodInfluential
Metadata
- Authors
- Lukaski, H. C., Bolonchuk, W. W., Hall, C. B., & Siders, W. A.
- ORCID
- Lukaski, H. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1986-04-01
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1327-1332
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2103844937
- Cited by
- 1,370
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 29 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 54 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 44 · 2019: 35 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 34 · 2015: 40 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 38
- FWCI
- 10.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Body Composition Measurement Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Electrical and Bioimpedance Tomography
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Keywords
- body composition, fat-free mass, body fat percentage, hydrodensitometry, skinfold thickness, prediction error, anthropometry, method validation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Anthropometry, Body Composition, Densitometry, Electric Conductivity, Evaluation Studies as Topic, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Skinfold Thickness
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