Lifetime sedentary living accelerates some aspects of secondary aging
Abstract
Lifetime physical inactivity interacts with secondary aging (i.e., aging caused by diseases and environmental factors) in three patterns of response. First, lifetime physical inactivity confers no apparent effects on a given set of physiological functions. Second, lifetime physical inactivity accelerates secondary aging (e.g., speeding the reduction in bone mineral density, maximal oxygen consumption, and skeletal muscle strength and power), but does not alter the primary aging of these systems. Third, a lifetime of physical activity to the age of ∼60–70 yr old totally prevents decrements in some age-associated risk factors for major chronic diseases, such as endothelial dysfunction and insulin resistance. The present review provides ample and compelling evidence that physical inactivity has a large impact in shortening average life expectancy. In summary, physical inactivity plays a major role in the secondary aging of many essential physiological functions, and this aging can be prevented through a lifetime of physical activity.
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Enhanced metabolic dysfunction within the SM can also be influenced by T2D itself, other chronic diseases, and even a sedentary lifestyle, mediated through a process termed 'secondary aging'.
“In addition to ‘normal aging’, enhanced metabolic dysfunction within the SM can also be influenced by T2D itself, other chronic diseases, and even a sedentary lifestyle, mediated through a process termed ‘secondary aging’ [17,34].”
From Optimised Skeletal Muscle Mass as a Key Strategy for Obesity Management (2025) · cites this paper as [34]
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- Authors
- Booth, F. W., Laye, M. J., & Roberts, M. D.
- Affiliations
- University of Missouri (US)
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Departments of 1Biomedical Sciences,
- Corresponding author
- Booth, Frank W.
- Venue
- Journal of Applied Physiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2011-11
- Volume
- 111
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1497-1504
- ISSN
- 0161-7567 (ISSN-L)
- 8750-7587
- 1522-1601
- OpenAlex
- W2067103577
- Cited by
- 207
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 44 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 2.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Applied Physiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
- Keywords
- physical inactivity, sedentary behavior, secondary aging, primary aging, bone mineral density, VO2max, skeletal muscle strength, endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, chronic disease risk, life expectancy, physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Chronic Disease, Humans, Life Expectancy, Motor Activity, Risk Factors, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior
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