Multiple Somatotopic Representations of Heat and Mechanical Pain in the Operculo-Insular Cortex: A High-Resolution fMRI Study
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Whereas studies of somatotopic representation of touch have been useful to distinguish multiple somatosensory areas within primary (SI) and secondary (SII) somatosensory cortex regions, no such analysis exists for the representation of pain across nociceptive modalities. Here we investigated somatotopy in the operculo-insular cortex with noxious heat and pinprick stimuli in 11 healthy subjects using high-resolution (2 × 2 × 4 mm) 3T functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Heat stimuli (delivered using a laser) and pinprick stimuli (delivered using a punctate probe) were directed to the dorsum of the right hand and foot in a balanced design. Locations of the peak fMRI responses were compared between stimulation sites (hand vs. foot) and modalities (heat vs. pinprick) within four bilateral regions of interest: anterior and posterior insula and frontal and parietal operculum. Importantly, all analyses were performed on individual, non-normalized fMRI images. For heat stimuli, we found hand-foot somatotopy in the contralateral anterior and posterior insula [hand, 9 ± 10 (SD) mm anterior to foot, P < 0.05] and in the contralateral parietal operculum (SII; hand, 7 ±10 mm lateral to foot, P < 0.05). For pinprick stimuli, we also found somatotopy in the contralateral posterior insula (hand, 9 ±10 mm anterior to foot, P < 0.05). Furthermore, the response to heat stimulation of the hand was 11 ± 12 mm anterior to the response to pinprick stimulation of the hand in the contralateral (left) anterior insula ( P < 0.05). These results indicate the existence of multiple somatotopic representations for pain within the operculo-insular region in humans, possibly reflecting its importance as a sensory-integration site that directs emotional responses and behavior appropriately depending on the body site being injured.
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Prior research identified OP1 and dpINS as two regions in the operculoinsular region specifically involved in pain-related somatosensory processing.
“Prior research has identi fi ed two regions in the operculoinsular region that are speci fi cally involved in pain-related somatosensory processing: OP1, the most caudal area of the parietal operculum, and dpINS (19 -23).”
From Social rejection shares somatosensory representations with physical pain (2011) · cites this paper as [23]
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- Authors
- Baumgärtner, U., Iannetti, G. D., Zambreanu, L., Stoeter, P., Treede, R.-D., & Tracey, I.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- University College London (GB)
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Baumgärtner, Ulf
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-11
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 2863-2872
- ISSN
- 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1598
- PMC
- PMC2997041
- OpenAlex
- W1998713559
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 81
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 7.58
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (ACF-2008-21-037)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Tactile and Sensory Interactions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Keywords
- somatotopic representation, thermal pain, mechanical pain, nociception, anterior insula, posterior insula, parietal operculum, secondary somatosensory cortex, pain localization, sensory integration
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Female, Hot Temperature, Humans, Image Processing, Computer-Assisted, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Pain, Physical Stimulation, Pain Threshold, Pain Perception
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