Frontoparietal activation with preparation for antisaccades
Abstract
Several current models hold that frontoparietal areas exert cognitive control by biasing task-relevant processing in other brain areas. Previous event-related functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have compared prosaccades and antisaccades, which require subjects to look toward or away from a flashed peripheral stimulus, respectively. These studies found greater activation for antisaccades in frontal and parietal regions at the ends of long (≥6 s) preparatory periods preceding peripheral stimulus presentation. Event-related fMRI studies using short preparatory periods (≤4 s) have not found such activation differences except in the frontal eye field. Here, we identified activation differences associated with short (1-s) preparatory periods by interleaving half trials among regular whole trials in a rapid fMRI design. On whole trials, a colored fixation dot instructed human subjects to make either a prosaccade toward or an antisaccade away from a peripheral visual stimulus. Half trials included only the instruction and not peripheral stimulus presentation or saccade generation. Nonetheless, half trials evoked stronger activation on antisaccades than on prosaccades in the frontal eye field (FEF), supplementary eye field (SEF), left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), intraparietal sulcus (IPS), and precuneus. Greater antisaccade response-related activation was found in FEF, SEF, IPS, and precuneus but not in DLPFC or ACC. These results demonstrate greater preparatory activation for antisaccades versus prosaccades in frontoparietal areas and suggest that prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate cortex are more involved in presetting the saccade network for the antisaccade task than generating the actual antisaccade response.
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Enhanced VS activity in adolescents may increase activity in regions supporting reward-directed behavior, such as the IPS and its role in antisaccade performance.
“Enhanced VS activity in the adolescent may result in increases in regions supporting the specific behavior that leads to rewards such as the IPS and its role in antisaccade performance (Brown et al., 2007; Curtis & Connolly, 2008).”
From Developmental changes in brain function underlying the influence of reward processing on inhibitory control (2011) · cites this paper as Brown et al., 2007
During adulthood, PPC may provide more direct support to antisaccade performance in contrast to prosaccade performance.
“During adulthood, PPC may provide more direct support to antisaccade performance in contrast to prosaccade performance as has been found elsewhere (Brown et al., 2007).”
From Effects of incentives, age, and behavior on brain activation during inhibitory control: a longitudinal fMRI study (2015) · cites this paper as Brown et al., 2007
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- Authors
- Brown, M. R. G., Vilis, T., & Everling, S.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2007-09
- Volume
- 98
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1751-1762
- ISSN
- 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1598
- OpenAlex
- W1983908390
- Cited by
- 145
- References
- 69
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Keywords
- antisaccades, prosaccades, saccade preparation, frontoparietal activation, cognitive control, frontal eye field, supplementary eye field, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, intraparietal sulcus, precuneus, eye movements
- MeSH terms
- Brain, Brain Mapping, Cognition, Eye Movements, Female, Frontal Lobe, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Parietal Lobe, Photic Stimulation, Saccades, Visual Fields
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