The Pancreas Cancer Microenvironment
Open accessAbstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) is a common and lethal malignancy resulting in more than 250,000 deaths per year worldwide. Despite extensive efforts, cytotoxic and targeted therapies have provided only limited efficacy for patients with PDA to date. One contributing factor to the failure of systemic therapies may be the abundant tumor stromal content that is the characteristic of PDA. The PDA stroma, aptly termed the tumor microenvironment, occupies the majority of the tumor mass, and consists of a dynamic assortment of extracellular matrix components and nonneoplastic cells including fibroblastic, vascular, and immune cells. Recent work has revealed that the PDA stroma supports tumor growth and promotes metastasis and simultaneously serves as a physical barrier to drug delivery. Accordingly, methods that alter stromal composition or function, for instance interference with the vasculature via Notch/Hedgehog pathway inhibition or relief of vascular compression by hyaluronidase, are under active investigation. Here, we will review our current understanding of the PDA tumor microenvironment, and highlight opportunities for further exploration that may benefit patients. Clin Cancer Res; 18(16); 4266–76. ©2012 AACR.
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Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major cellular component of the tumor microenvironment in most solid cancers.
“Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a major cellular component of tumor microenvironment in most solid cancers.”
From Tumor microenvironment derived exosomes pleiotropically modulate cancer cell metabolism (2016) · cites this paper as Feig et al., 2012
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- Authors
- Feig, C., Gopinathan, A., Neesse, A., Chan, D. S., Cook, N., & Tuveson, D. A.
- Affiliations
- Lustgarten Foundation (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tuveson, David A.
- Venue
- Clinical Cancer Research
- Published
- 2012-08-14
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 16
- Pages
- 4266-4276
- ISSN
- 1078-0432 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-3265
- PMC
- PMC3442232
- OpenAlex
- W2111895881
- Cited by
- 1,316
- References
- 106
- Citations by year
- 2026: 46 · 2025: 70 · 2024: 78 · 2023: 106 · 2022: 114 · 2021: 138 · 2020: 133 · 2019: 108 · 2018: 115 · 2017: 106 · 2016: 105 · 2015: 67 · 2014: 72 · 2013: 50 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 6.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Clinical Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Institutional Repository (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK (A15604, A10211)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer Cells and Metastasis
- Keywords
- pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, tumor microenvironment, tumor stroma, extracellular matrix, stromal fibroblasts, tumor vasculature, drug delivery barriers, metastasis, hyaluronidase
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Hypoxia, Extracellular Matrix, Fibroblasts, Humans, Pancreatic Neoplasms, Stromal Cells, Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal, Pancreatic Stellate Cells, Tumor Microenvironment
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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