Molecular Basis of the ‘Anti-Aging' Effect of Spermidine and Other Natural Polyamines - A Mini-Review
Abstract
Background: Spermidine, a naturally occurring polyamine, has recently emerged as exhibiting anti-aging properties. Its supplementation increases lifespan and resistance to stress, and decreases the occurrence of age-related pathology and loss of locomotor ability. Its mechanisms of action are just beginning to be understood. Objectives: An up-to-date overview of the so far identified mechanisms of action of spermidine and other polyamines on aging is presented. Methods: Studies of aging and of the molecular effects of polyamines in general and spermidine in particular are used to synthesize our knowledge on what molecular mechanisms spermidine and other polyamines trigger to positively affect aging. Results: Autophagy is the main mechanism of action of spermidine at the molecular level. However, recent research shows that spermidine can act via other mechanisms, namely inflammation reduction, lipid metabolism and regulation of cell growth, proliferation and death. It is suggested that the main pathway used by spermidine to trigger its effects is the MAPK pathway. Conclusions: Given that polyamines can interact with many molecules, it is not surprising that they affect aging via several mechanisms. Many of these mechanisms discovered so far have already been linked with aging and by acting on all of these mechanisms, polyamines may be strong regulators of aging.
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Both HDAC10 and spermidine promote cellular survival through autophagy.
“Both HDAC10 and spermidine are known to promote cellular survival through autophagy.”
From Histone deacetylase 10 structure and molecular function as a polyamine deacetylase (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
Spermidine is a key factor in autophagy; increased levels of endogenous or exogenous spermidine induce autophagy and extend lifespan in a variety of cell types, including human immune cells.
“The polyamine spermidine is also a key factor in autophagy and increased levels of endogenous or exogenous spermidine induce autophagy and extend lifespan in a variety of cell types, including human immune cells3637.”
From Histone deacetylase 10 structure and molecular function as a polyamine deacetylase (2017) · cites this paper as [37]
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- Authors
- Minois, N.
- Affiliations
- University of St Andrews (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Minois, Nadège
- Venue
- Gerontology
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 319-326
- ISSN
- 0304-324X (ISSN-L)
- 1423-0003
- OpenAlex
- W2041161107
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 7
- FWCI
- 1.56
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Gerontology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Polyamine Metabolism and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Keywords
- spermidine, polyamines, anti-aging, aging, autophagy, inflammation, lipid metabolism, MAPK signaling, lifespan extension, stress tolerance, age-related diseases
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Autophagy, Humans, Inflammation, Spermidine, Biogenic Polyamines, Cell Death, MAP Kinase Signaling System, Cell Proliferation, Lipid Metabolism
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