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Cited by 328Blood Pressure and Hypertension StudiesSodium Intake and HealthRenin-Angiotensin System Studies

Obesity-induced hypertension. Renal function and systemic hemodynamics.

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Hall, J E, Brands, M W, Dixon, W N, Smith, M J·1993·Hypertension
DOI 10.1161/01.hyp.22.3.292
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Abstract

This study examined the control of renal hemodynamics and tubular function, as well as systemic hemodynamics, during obesity-induced hypertension in chronically instrumented conscious dogs. Mean arterial pressure, cardiac output, and heart rate were monitored 24 hours a day using computerized methods, water and electrolyte balances were measured daily, and renal hemodynamics were measured each week during the control period and 5 weeks of a high-fat diet. After 7 to 10 days of control measurements, 0.5 to 0.9 kg of cooked beef fat was added to the regular diet, and sodium intake was maintained constant at 76 mmol/d throughout the study. After 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, body weight increased from 24.0 +/- 1.0 to 35.9 +/- 4.9 kg, mean arterial pressure increased from 83 +/- 5 to 100 +/- 4 mm Hg, cardiac output increased from 2.86 +/- 0.27 to 4.45 +/- 0.55 L/min, and heart rate rose from 68 +/- 5 to 107 +/- 9 beats per minute. Associated with the hypertension was an increase in cumulative sodium balance to 507 +/- 107 mmol after 35 days and a rise in sodium iothalamate space, an index of extracellular fluid volume, to 131 +/- 4% of control. Sodium retention was due to increased tubular reabsorption, because glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow increased throughout the 5 weeks of the high-fat diet, averaging 135 +/- 4% and 149 +/- 19% of control, respectively, during the fifth week of the high-fat diet.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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  • The metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, and renal changes caused by dietary-induced obesity in dogs and rabbits closely mimic the changes observed in obese humans.

    “The metabolic, endocrine, cardiovascular, and renal changes caused by dietary-induced obesity in these experimental animals closely mimic the changes observed in obese humans5,13–16 (Table 1).”

    From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

  • Obesity is associated with extracellular fluid volume expansion and increased blood flow in many tissues, which increases venous return and cardiac output.

    “Obesity is associated with extracellular fluid volume expansion and increased blood flow in many tissues which, in turn, increases venous return and cardiac output15.”

    From Obesity-Induced Hypertension: Interaction of Neurohumoral and Renal Mechanisms (2015) · cites this paper as [15]

  • Increased sympathetic nervous system activity mediates a major component of the increased blood pressure associated with obesity.

    “Increased SNS activity mediates a major component of the increased BP associated with obesity [9, 43, 44].”

    From Role of the brain melanocortins in blood pressure regulation (2017) · cites this paper as [43]

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Research works printed but not linked: 4

  1. Chiang BW, Perlman LV, Epstein FH. Overweight and hyper- tension: a review. Circulation. 1969;39:403-421.
  2. Alexander J, Dustan HP, Sims EAH, Tarazi R. Report of the Hypertension Task Force, Vol 9. Washington, DC: US Government Printing Office; 1979:61-77. US Dept of Health, Education, and Welfare publication 70-1631 (NIH).
  3. Havlik RJ, Hubert HB, Fabsitz RR, Feinleib M. Weight and hyper- tension. Ann Intern Med. 1983;98:855-859.
  4. Guyton AC. Circulatory Physiology III. Arterial Pressure and Hyper- tension. Philadelphia, Pa: WB Saunders Co; 1980:1-553.

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Authors
Hall, J. E., Brands, M. W., Dixon, W. N., & Smith, M. J.
Affiliations
University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
ORCID
Venue
Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
1993-09
Volume
22
Issue
3
Pages
292-299
ISSN
  • 0194-911X (ISSN-L)
  • 1524-4563
DOI
10.1161/01.hyp.22.3.292
OpenAlex
W2148751725
Cited by
328
References
38
Citations by year
2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 6
FWCI
5.92
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Hypertension (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01hl023502-13, 5r01hl039399-05, 5p01hl011678-25)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-23502, HL 11678, HL-39399)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Sodium Intake and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
Keywords
obesity-related hypertension, renal hemodynamics, systemic hemodynamics, high-fat diet, sodium balance, sodium retention, tubular sodium reabsorption, glomerular filtration rate, renal plasma flow, extracellular volume, cardiac output, heart rate, fluid and electrolyte balance, dogs
MeSH terms
Animals, Body Weight, Cardiac Output, Chlorides, Dietary Fats, Dogs, Glomerular Filtration Rate, Heart Rate, Hemodynamics, Hypertension, Kidney, Obesity, Renin, Sodium, Water

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