The DOI matches its Crossref record; 17 of the 17 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Lipoprotein Particles in Cerebrospinal Fluid
Abstract
The brain is the most lipid-rich organ in the body, and the intricate interplay between lipid metabolism and pathologies associated with neurodegenerative disorders is being increasingly recognized. The brain is bathed in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), which, like plasma, contains lipid-protein complexes called lipoproteins that are responsible for extracellular lipid transport. Multiple CSF lipoprotein populations exist, some of which are produced de novo in the central nervous system and others that appear to be generated from protein constituents that are produced in the periphery. These CSF lipoproteins are thought to play key roles in maintaining lipid homeostasis in the central nervous system, while little else is known due to their limited accessibility and their low abundance in CSF. Recent work has provided new insights into the compositional complexity of CSF lipoprotein families and their metabolism in cerebral circulation. The purpose of this review is to summarize our current state of knowledge on the composition, origin, and metabolism of CSF lipoproteins.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In addition to ApoE: ApoJ, ApoA1, ApoA2, and ApoA4 are major structural apolipoproteins in the CSF; ApoH and ApoD are also present in human CSF but are not classical apolipoproteins with amphipathic α-helical structure [8–10].”
From ApoE lipoproteins in the central nervous system under homeostasis and role in Alzheimer’s disease and related disorders (2026) · cites this paper as [8]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Apolipoprotein E controls cerebrovascular integrity via cyclophilin A
Bell, R. D., Winkler, E. A., Singh, I., Sagare, A. P., Deane, R., Wu, Z., Holtzman, D. M., Betsholtz, C., Armulik, A., Sallstrom, J., et al. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature11087 · Cited by 1,293
Brain-wide pathway for waste clearance captured by contrast-enhanced MRI
Iliff, J. J., Lee, H., Yu, M., Feng, T., Logan, J., Nedergaard, M., & Benveniste, H. (2013) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci67677 · Cited by 1,148
Boyles, J. K., Pitas, R. E., Wilson, E., Mahley, R. W., & Taylor, J. M. (1985) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci112130 · Cited by 829
Cerebrospinal fluid influx drives acute ischemic tissue swelling
Mestre, H., Du, T., Sweeney, A. M., Liu, G., Samson, A. J., Peng, W., Mortensen, K. N., Stæger, F. F., Bork, P. A. R., Bashford, L., et al. (2020) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aax7171 · Cited by 494
Overexpression of ABCA1 reduces amyloid deposition in the PDAPP mouse model of Alzheimer disease
Wahrle, S. E., Jiang, H., Parsadanian, M., Kim, J., Li, A., Knoten, A., Jain, S., Hirsch-Reinshagen, V., Wellington, C. L., Bales, K. R., et al. (2008) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci33622 · Cited by 370
Phenotypes of apolipoprotein B and apolipoprotein E after liver transplantation.
Linton, M. F., Gish, R., Hubl, S. T., Bütler, E., Esquivel, C., Bry, W. I., Boyles, J. K., Wardell, M. R., & Young, S. G. (1991) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci115288 · Cited by 367
Lack of ABCA1 Considerably Decreases Brain ApoE Level and Increases Amyloid Deposition in APP23 Mice
Koldamova, R., Staufenbiel, M., & Lefterov, I. (2005) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m504513200 · Cited by 350
Nascent astrocyte particles differ from lipoproteins in CSF
LaDu, M. J., Gilligan, S. M., Lukens, J. R., Cabana, V. G., Reardon, C. A., Van Eldik, L. J., & Holtzman, D. M. (1998) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70052070.x · Cited by 285
APOE genotype alters glial activation and loss of synaptic markers in mice
Zhu, Y., Nwabuisi‐Heath, E., Dumanis, S. B., Tai, L. M., Yu, C., Rebeck, G. W., & Ladu, M. J. (2012) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22289 · Cited by 224
APOE2 enhances neuroprotection against Alzheimer’s disease through multiple molecular mechanisms
Conejero-Goldberg, C., Gomar, J. J., Bobes-Bascaran, T., Hyde, T. M., Kleinman, J. E., Herman, M. M., Chen, S., Davies, P., & Goldberg, T. E. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2013.194 · Cited by 199
Research works printed but not linked: 103
- 10.1161/ATVBAHA.123.319742 · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.76.9.4646 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)47945-8 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/0005-2760(94)00232-n · DOI
- 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70031235.x · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)31605-9 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1007/s11883-021-00925-4 · DOI
- 10.1002/alz.12649 · DOI
- 10.1042/bst0260257 · DOI
- 10.1016/s0969-9961(03)00045-7 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.8346443 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1212/WNL.0000000000006212 · DOI · Paper page
- Rohn, TT. Is apolipoprotein E4 an important risk factor for vascular dementia? Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2014;7:3504–3511.
- 10.1016/j.cccn.2005.01.004 · DOI
- 10.1038/s41467-019-14279-8 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1002/ana.24628 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.5476-05.2006 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1006/nbdi.1999.0251 · DOI
- 10.1002/1873-3468.13950 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.cmet.2014.01.003 · DOI
- 10.1161/JAHA.114.001156 · DOI
- 10.1124/jpet.118.254201 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.jconrel.2006.11.020 · DOI
- 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4741-08.2009 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(18)49957-7 · DOI
- 10.1038/11914 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/11905 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/11921 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1097/01.mol.0000169346.15450.90 · DOI
- 10.1161/01.ATV.0000195789.39418.e8 · DOI
- 10.5551/jat.13.1 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.C300553200 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0021-9258(20)79708-5 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.bbalip.2022.159119 · DOI
- Assmann, G, von Eckardstein, A, Brewer, BHH. Familial Analphalipoproteinemia: Tangier Disease. McGraw Hill; 2019.
- 10.1097/01.wnr.0000221833.41340.cd · DOI
- 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722362.x · DOI
- 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)32031-9 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M208379200 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.brainres.2014.04.037 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1074/jbc.M407963200 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1074/jbc.M407962200 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1111/jnc.14554 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1194/jlr.M400402-JLR200 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1194/jlr.M300257-JLR200 · DOI
- 10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62010329.x · DOI
- 10.1083/jcb.115.4.1061 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M205406200 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0022-2275(20)41390-2 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M313828200 · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.83.4.1125 · DOI
- 10.1073/pnas.83.4.1130 · DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0153608 · DOI
- 10.1002/jnr.20887 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.11.017 · DOI
- 10.1042/bj3210145 · DOI
- 10.1016/s0167-4889(02)00181-7 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.neuint.2004.01.002 · DOI
- 10.1194/jlr.M400313-JLR200 · DOI
- 10.1093/jb/mvn008 · DOI
- 10.1093/jb/mvp135 · DOI
- 10.1194/jlr.M800594-JLR200 · DOI
- 10.1194/jlr.M700188-JLR200 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.brainres.2013.05.035 · DOI
- 10.1042/CS20080106 · DOI
- 10.5551/jat.48967 · DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0019247 · DOI
- 10.1089/neu.2013.2853 · DOI
- 10.1002/ana.23872 · DOI
- 10.1002/mds.26290 · DOI
- 10.1002/mds.26022 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.09.017 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1353-8020(13)70025-7 · DOI
- 10.1007/s11883-021-00906-7 · DOI
- 10.1159/000075792 · DOI
- 10.1161/STROKEAHA.119.027898 · DOI
- 10.3389/fnins.2019.01127 · DOI
- 10.1161/STROKEAHA.115.011046 · DOI
- 10.3389/fneur.2022.863934 · DOI
- 10.1093/gerona/57.11.m712 · DOI
- 10.1159/000090676 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.05.003 · DOI
- 10.3233/JAD-170226 · DOI
- 10.3389/fnins.2018.00847 · DOI
- 10.1371/journal.pone.0174301 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.3233/JAD-141314 · DOI
- 10.7759/cureus.24374 · DOI
- 10.1097/MOL.0000000000000291 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1155/2015/481621 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1177/1352458508097217 · DOI
- 10.1016/j.biopha.2007.05.009 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M110.127829 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M110.127738 · DOI
- 10.1074/jbc.M300044200 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1021/bi002186k · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.12.003 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.5551/jat.RV17056 · DOI
- Assmann, G, von Eckardstein, A, Brewer, BHH, Jr. Familial analphalipoproteinemia: tangier disease. In: Valle, DL, Antonarakis, S, Ballabio, A, Beaudet, AL, Mitchell, GA, eds. The Online Metabolic and Molecular Bases of Inherited Disease. McGraw Hill; 2019. https://ommbid.mhmedical.com/content.aspx?bookid=2709§ionid=225540471
- 10.1126/science.1240514 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1084/jem.20211275 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1038/nature14432 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1016/j.tins.2020.04.003 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1089/acu.2020.1489 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Strickland, M. R., & Holtzman, D. M. (2026) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-026-00970-0
Metadata
- Authors
- Tsujita, M., Melchior, J. T., & Yokoyama, S.
- Venue
- Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
- Published
- 2024-05
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1042-1052
- ISSN
- 1079-5642
- 1524-4636
- PMC
- PMC11342562
- Cited by
- 24
- References
- 17
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Lipoprotein Particles in Cerebrospinal Fluid. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1161/atvbaha.123.318284
- The paper
- Tsujita, M., Melchior, J. T., & Yokoyama, S. (2024). Lipoprotein Particles in Cerebrospinal Fluid. Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. https://doi.org/10.1161/atvbaha.123.318284
