Relation between plasma and brain lipids
Abstract
Purpose of review This article evaluates recent experimental and human evidence regarding the involvement of lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in neurodegenerative diseases, and reviews the current literature of the effects of cholesterol-lowering treatment on cognition. Recent findings Plasma levels of traditional lipids and lipoproteins are not consistently associated with risk of dementia even though low plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, through unknown mechanisms, robustly predict future dementia. Experimental evidence suggests neuroprotective roles of several brain and cerebrospinal fluid apolipoproteins. Whether plasma levels of apolipoprotein E, or any other apolipoprotein with possible central nervous system and/or blood-brain barrier functions (apolipoproteins J, A-I, A-II, A-IV, D, C-I, and C-III) may become accessible biomarker components that improve risk prediction for dementia together with genetic risk variants and cardiovascular risk factors remains to be determined. Summary Apolipoproteins with well established functions in peripheral lipid metabolism may play important roles for brain vascular health and Alzheimer's disease pathophysiology. Experimental work on lipids, lipoproteins, and apolipoproteins in the central nervous system together with robust prospective human studies will help to substantiate the drug target potential of these lipid components.
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ApoE is a central apolipoprotein in cerebral cholesterol metabolism and is involved in brain amyloid metabolism, blood brain barrier integrity, and transport of various lipid species to neuronal cells.
“apoE is a central apolipoprotein in cerebral cholesterol metabolism and is involved in brain amyloid metabolism, blood brain barrier integrity, and transport of various lipid species to neuronal cells [15][16][17][18][19].”
From APOE and vascular disease: Sequencing and genotyping in general population cohorts (2023) · cites this paper as [16]
Brain apoE plays a major role in brain amyloid metabolism, in blood-brain barrier integrity, and in supplying cholesterol and phospholipids to neuronal cells.
“Whereas brain apoE plays a major role in brain amyloid metabolism, in blood‐brain barrier integrity, and in supplying cholesterol and phospholipids to neuronal cells, 12 , 13 , 14 , 16 , 30 , 31”
From <i>APOE</i> and dementia – resequencing and genotyping in 105,597 individuals (2020) · cites this paper as [14]
Plausible mechanisms underlying the association between low apoE levels and dementia-associated mortality are not explained by peripheral lipid metabolism, but likely by the role of apoE in β-amyloid handling and in neurodegenerative processes.
“Plausible mechanisms underlying the association between low apoE levels and dementia-associated mortality are not explained by peripheral lipid metabolism, but likely by the role of apoE in β-amyloid handling and in neurodegenerative processes.57,58”
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Wellington, C. L., & Frikke-Schmidt, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Copenhagen (DK)
- Venue
- Current Opinion in Lipidology
- Published
- 2016-06
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 225-232
- ISSN
- 0957-9672 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2326104858
- Cited by
- 33
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 0.57
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Current Opinion in Lipidology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research at the University of Copenhagen (University of Copenhagen) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Lundbeckfonden (R126-2012-12556, R211-2015-3977)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Alzheimer's disease research and treatments
- Keywords
- plasma lipids, brain lipids, lipoproteins, apolipoproteins, apolipoprotein E, dementia risk, Alzheimer's disease, cholesterol-lowering therapy, cognition, cerebrospinal fluid, blood-brain barrier, neurodegenerative diseases, biomarkers, lipid metabolism
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Apolipoproteins, Brain, Humans, Lipids
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