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Age-Related Changes in Glucose Metabolism, Hyperglycemia, and Cardiovascular Risk
Open accessAbstract
Aging and diabetes mellitus are 2 well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). During the past 50 years, there has been an dramatic increase in life expectancy with a simultaneous increase in the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in the older population. This large number of older individuals with diabetes mellitus is problematic given that CVD risk associated with aging and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we summarize epidemiological data relating to diabetes mellitus and CVD, with an emphasis on the aging population. We then present data on hyperglycemia as a risk factor for CVD and review the current knowledge of age-related changes in glucose metabolism. Next, we review the role of obesity in the pathogenesis of age-related glucose dysregulation, followed by a summary of the results from major randomized controlled trials that focus on cardiovascular risk reduction through glycemic control, with a special emphasis on older adults. We then conclude with our proposed model of aging that body composition changes and insulin resistance link possible dysregulation of physiological pathways leading to obesity and diabetes mellitus—both forms of accelerated aging—and risks for CVD.
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“Many factors participate in the metabolic dysregulation that develops with increasing age, and changes in body composition make an important contribution (100).”
From Guidelines and Recommendations for Laboratory Analysis in the Diagnosis and Management of Diabetes Mellitus (2023) · cites this paper as [100]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Chia, C. W., Egan, J. M., & Ferrucci, L.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ferrucci, Luigi
- Venue
- Circulation Research
- Published
- 2018-09-14
- Volume
- 123
- Issue
- 7
- Pages
- 886-904
- ISSN
- 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4571
- PMC
- PMC6205735
- OpenAlex
- W2891409258
- Semantic Scholar
- 5a8e379d2aa3e6281c5204edc4fa23822ef37775
- Cited by
- 454
- References
- 208
- Citations by year
- 2026: 61 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 72 · 2023: 82 · 2022: 70 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 1
- FWCI
- 3.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (Z01AG000015)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Treatment and Management
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- aging, glucose metabolism, hyperglycemia, cardiovascular risk, diabetes mellitus, older adults, obesity, insulin resistance, glycemic control, body composition, accelerated aging, cardiovascular disease
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Age Factors, Aging, Animals, Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Health Status, Humans, Hyperglycemia, Insulin, Insulin Resistance, Models, Biological, Obesity, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Prevalence, Risk Assessment, Adiposity
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