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Cited by 705Bone Metabolism and DiseasesBone health and osteoporosis researchEstrogen and related hormone effects

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 57 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Estrogen deficiency induces bone loss by enhancing T-cell production of TNF-α

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Cenci, Simone, Weitzmann, M. Neale, Roggia, Cristiana, Namba, Noriyuki, Novack, Deborah, Woodring, Jessica, Pacifici, Roberto·2000·Journal of Clinical Investigation
DOI 10.1172/jci11066PMC PMC381439
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Abstract

Physiologic osteoclast renewal results from the differentiation of bone marrow monocytes (BMMs) into osteoclasts, a process induced by the simultaneous stimulation of osteoclast precursors by macrophage colonystimulating factor (M-CSF) and a TNF-related factor known as receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL; also known as OPGL, TRANCE, or ODF) (1-3).Although upregulation of osteoclast formation is recognized as the main mechanism by which estrogen deficiency induces bone loss (4, 5), the responsible cells and cytokines are not completely understood.Bone marrow stromal cells are essential for physiologic osteoclast renewal because they represent a major source of RANKL and M-CSF and provide a physical support for nascent osteoclasts (6).However, in stimulated conditions additional bone marrow cells contribute to regulate osteoclast formation by producing soluble and membrane-bound pro-and antiosteoclastogenic cytokines.Among them are activated T cells, which stimulate osteoclast formation through increased production of RANKL, a phenomenon that contributes to inflammation-induced bone loss (7).T cells express estrogen receptors, and estrogen directly regulates T-cell function and cytokine production (8-11).Moreover, T-cell subset alterations occur in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis (12, 13).Taken together, these findings suggest that T cells may contribute to enhanced osteoclast formation and induce bone loss not only during inflammation, but also in conditions of estrogen deficiency.In this study we have investigated the role of T cells in ovariectomy-induced bone loss.We report that ovariectomy-enhanced T-cell production of TNF-α, which, acting through the TNF-α receptor p55, augments M-CSF-and RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis.We also show that ovariectomy failed to induce bone loss, stimulate bone resorption, and increase osteoclast formation in T-cell deficient mice, establishing T cells as essential mediators of the bone-wasting effects of estrogen deficiency in vivo. Methods Experimental protocol.All animal procedures were approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Barnes-Jewish Hospital.Wild-type C57BL/6 mice, C57BL/6 homozygous (nu/nu) athymic nude mice (14), and heterozygous (nu/+) euthymic control littermates were obtained from Taconic Farms Inc. (Germantown, New York, USA).C57BL/6 mice lacking either TNF-α receptor 1 (p55 -/-) or TNF-α receptor II (p75 -/-) and wild-type controls of the same genetic background were obtained from Jackson Laboratories (Bar Harbor, Maine, USA).At 5 weeks of age mice were either sham operated or ovariectomized (OVX), and either left untreated or treated with 17β estradiol (0.16 µg/d) for 4 weeks as described (15,16).In vitro osteoclast generation, cytokine neutralization, and TNF-α assay.Bone marrow cells were either cultured unfractionated or depleted of stromal cells by adherence for 12 hours.The nonadherent fraction was used as a source of T cells and BMM precursors and was found to

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  1. Olsen, 1996, Endocr Rev, 17, 369
  2. Fujita, 1984, Miner Electrolyte Metab, 10, 375

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Metadata

Authors
Cenci, S., Weitzmann, M. N., Roggia, C., Namba, N., Novack, D., Woodring, J., & Pacifici, R.
Affiliations
Barnes-Jewish Hospital (US)
Corresponding author
Pacifici, Roberto
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published
2000-11-15
Volume
106
Issue
10
Pages
1229-1237
ISSN
0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1172/jci11066
PMC
PMC381439
OpenAlex
W2133281510
Cited by
705
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 30 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 19 · 2017: 34 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 32 · 2013: 32 · 2012: 28
FWCI
7.12
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Arthritis Foundation
  • Eli Lilly and Company
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR041412, AR41412, AR-13534)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Bone health and osteoporosis research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Endocrinology › Estrogen and related hormone effects
Keywords
estrogen deficiency, bone loss, ovariectomy, T cells, TNF-α, osteoclastogenesis, RANKL, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, TNF receptor p55, postmenopausal osteoporosis, bone resorption, nude mice, estrogen receptor, mesenchymal stem cells, T cell deficiency
MeSH terms
Animals, Bone Resorption, Carrier Proteins, Cells, Cultured, Estrogens, Membrane Glycoproteins, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Nude, Osteoclasts, Ovariectomy, T-Lymphocytes, Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha, Antigens, CD, Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Mice, Knockout, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I, Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II, Mice, RANK Ligand, Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B

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