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Cited by 137Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingAttention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Validity of DSM-IV Conduct Disorder in 4½–5-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Epidemiological Study

Kim-Cohen, Julia, Arseneault, Louise, Caspi, Avshalom, Tomás, Mónica Polo, Taylor, Alan, Moffitt, Terrie E.·2005·American Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.6.1108
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: This longitudinal study of a nonreferred, population-based sample tested the concurrent, convergent, and predictive validity of DSM-IV conduct disorder in children 4(1/2)-5 years of age. METHOD: In the Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, a representative birth cohort of 2,232 children, the children's mothers were interviewed and the teachers completed mailed questionnaires to assess the children's past 6-month conduct disorder symptoms. Children with three or more symptoms were diagnosed with conduct disorder, and a subset with five or more symptoms was diagnosed with "moderate-to-severe" conduct disorder. RESULTS: The prevalence of conduct disorder and moderate-to-severe conduct disorder were 6.6% and 2.5%, respectively. Children diagnosed with conduct disorder were significantly more likely than comparison subjects to self-report antisocial behaviors, to behave disruptively during observational assessment, and to have risk factors known to be associated with conduct disorder in older children (effect sizes ranging from 0.26 to 1.24). Five-year-olds diagnosed with conduct disorder were significantly more likely than comparison subjects to have behavioral and educational difficulties at age 7. Increased risk for educational difficulties at age 7 persisted after control for IQ and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder diagnosis at age 5. CONCLUSIONS: Behavioral problems of preschool-age children meeting diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder should not be ignored. Appropriate intervention should be provided to prevent ongoing behavioral and academic problems.

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  • Males are three times more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviors than females due to both biological and cultural factors.

    “While males are three times more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviors than females due to both biological and cultural factors [137–139]”

    From Genetics of child aggression, a systematic review (2024) · cites this paper as [139]

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Authors
Kim-Cohen, J., Arseneault, L., Caspi, A., Tomás, M. P., Taylor, A., & Moffitt, T. E.
ORCID
Venue
American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published
2005-06-01
Volume
162
Issue
6
Pages
1108-1117
ISSN
  • 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
  • 1535-7228
DOI
10.1176/appi.ajp.162.6.1108
OpenAlex
W1977346630
Cited by
137
References
41
Citations by year
2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
FWCI
9.44
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • Economic and Social Research Council (L330 25 3002)
  • National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH018931)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
Keywords
conduct disorder, preschool children, antisocial behavior, behavioral problems, academic difficulties, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, risk factors, Environmental Risk Longitudinal Twin Study, disruptive behavior
MeSH terms
Adult, Age Factors, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child, Preschool, Diseases in Twins, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Risk Factors, Sex Factors, Reproducibility of Results, Comorbidity, Prevalence, Conduct Disorder, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders

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