Autistic social impairment in the siblings of children with pervasive developmental disorders
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Sibling recurrence risk in autism has been estimated to be approximately 10%. This study investigated subsyndromal autistic impairments among siblings of probands with pervasive developmental disorders. METHOD: The authors used the Social Responsiveness Scale to obtain quantitative assessments of autistic social impairment in three groups of proband-sibling pairs: 1) autistic children from multiple-incidence families and their closest in age nonautistic brothers (N=49 pairs); 2) children with any pervasive developmental disorder, including autism, and their closest-in-age brothers (N=100 pairs), and 3) children with psychopathology unrelated to autism and their closest-in-age brothers (N=45 pairs). RESULTS: Sibling Social Responsiveness Scale scores were continuously distributed and substantially elevated for both the autistic and pervasive developmental disorder groups. Highest scores (i.e., greatest impairment) were seen among siblings of autistic probands from multiple-incidence families, followed by siblings of probands with any pervasive developmental disorder, then siblings of probands with psychopathology unrelated to autism. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together with previous findings, these results support the notion that genetic susceptibility factors responsible for common, subsyndromal social impairments may be related to the causes of categorically defined pervasive developmental disorders.
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High-risk siblings from multiplex families exhibit higher levels of autism spectrum disorder-related characteristics than high-risk siblings who have a single older sibling with an autism spectrum disorder.
“Likewise, there is accumulating evidence that HR siblings from multiplex families exhibit higher levels of ASD-related characteristics17,19,20 than do HR siblings who have a single older sibling with an ASD.”
From Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age (2013) · cites this paper as [20]
The composition of latent class 3, characterized by elevated autism spectrum disorder severity and high developmental quotient, was consistent with previous research indicating that a range of autism spectrum disorder-related behavioral features is present in low-risk as well as high-risk children.
“The composition of this class is consistent with previous research indicating that a range of ASD-related behavioral features is present in low-risk as well as high-risk children.20,43,44”
From Beyond Autism: A Baby Siblings Research Consortium Study of High-Risk Children at Three Years of Age (2013) · cites this paper as [20]
Autistic-like social impairment is heritable and is increased in unaffected parents and children of autistic probands.
“Similarly, autistic-like social impairment clearly is heritable [20] and increased in unaffected parents and children of autistic probands [21].”
From Genetics of autism spectrum disorders (2011) · cites this paper as [21]
Findings from a study using the social responsiveness scale, an instrument similar to the CSBQ, suggest that underlying genetic factors for subtle PDD features are the same for full blown autistic symptoms.
“However, findings from a study using the social responsiveness scale, an instrument similar to the CSBQ, do suggest so (Constantino et al. 2006).”
From PDD symptoms in ADHD, an independent familial trait? (2009) · cites this paper as Constantino et al. 2006
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- Authors
- Constantino, J. N., Lajonchere, C., Lutz, M., Gray, T., Abbacchi, A., McKenna, K., Singh, D., & Todd, R. D.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 163
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 294-296
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- OpenAlex
- W2157447287
- Cited by
- 294
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 19 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 9.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (HD 042541-01, R01HD042541)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetics and Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Keywords
- pervasive developmental disorders, autism spectrum disorder, siblings, social dysfunction, Social Responsiveness Scale, recurrence risk, genetic susceptibility, psychopathology
- MeSH terms
- Autistic Disorder, Mental Disorders, Child, Child Development Disorders, Pervasive, Family, Female, Humans, Male, Parents, Psychometrics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Social Adjustment, Teaching, Incidence, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Siblings
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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