Analysis of DNA methylation in young people: limited evidence for an association between victimization stress and epigenetic variation in blood
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: DNA methylation has been proposed as an epigenetic mechanism by which early-life experiences become "embedded" in the genome and alter transcriptional processes to compromise health. The authors sought to investigate whether early-life victimization stress is associated with genome-wide DNA methylation. METHOD: The authors tested the hypothesis that victimization is associated with DNA methylation in the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Study, a nationally representative 1994-1995 birth cohort of 2,232 twins born in England and Wales and assessed at ages 5, 7, 10, 12, and 18 years. Multiple forms of victimization were ascertained in childhood and adolescence (including physical, sexual, and emotional abuse; neglect; exposure to intimate-partner violence; bullying; cyber-victimization; and crime). RESULTS: Epigenome-wide analyses of polyvictimization across childhood and adolescence revealed few significant associations with DNA methylation in peripheral blood at age 18, but these analyses were confounded by tobacco smoking and/or did not survive co-twin control tests. Secondary analyses of specific forms of victimization revealed sparse associations with DNA methylation that did not replicate across different operationalizations of the same putative victimization experience. Hypothesis-driven analyses of six candidate genes in the stress response (NR3C1, FKBP5, BDNF, AVP, CRHR1, SLC6A4) did not reveal predicted associations with DNA methylation in probes annotated to these genes. CONCLUSIONS: Findings from this epidemiological analysis of the epigenetic effects of early-life stress do not support the hypothesis of robust changes in DNA methylation in victimized young people. We need to come to terms with the possibility that epigenetic epidemiology is not yet well matched to experimental, nonhuman models in uncovering the biological embedding of stress.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Evidence of associations between epigenetic/epigenomic alterations and differential health outcomes induced by childhood trauma is limited.
“Even though numerous studies have been done, evidence of associations between epigenetic/epigenomic alterations and differential health outcomes induced by childhood trauma are limited (226).”
From Epigenetic Modifications in Stress Response Genes Associated With Childhood Trauma (2019) · cites this paper as [226]
The Discussion (page unavailable) reports limited, small, and poorly replicated associations between childhood victimization and DNA methylation in blood. It describes epigenetic mediation of poor health as a hypothesis, but does not establish whether epigenetic alterations are associated with differential health outcomes following trauma. The claim therefore extends beyond the association this paper tested. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredWell-powered studies have also reported negative results for associations between childhood maltreatment and DNA methylation differences.
“However, well-powered studies have also reported negative results. 62”
From Epigenetics and depression (2019) · cites this paper as [62]
A study examining the impact of childhood adversity on the epigenome in a general population found tobacco consumption was an important confounder when examining the signature of childhood adversity.
“A similar study examining the impact of CA on the epigenome in a general population found that tobacco consumption was an important confounding when examining the signature of CA (Marzi et al., 2018).”
From Can epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders? (2022) · cites this paper as Marzi et al., 2018
The modal clinical presentation of people with personality disorders is a complaint of depression and significant proportions of people with depression have a comorbid personality disorder.
“Indeed, the modal clinical presentation of people with personality disorders is a complaint of depression 271,272 and significant proportions of people with depression have a comorbid personality disorder. 273”
From Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission (2022) · cites this paper as [273]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Child abuse: Adolescent records vs. adult recall
Femina, D. D., Yeager, C. A., & Lewis, D. O. (1990) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/0145-2134(90)90033-p · Cited by 8,820 · see citing works
<tt>BLAT</tt> —The <tt>BLAST</tt> -Like Alignment Tool
Kent, W. J. (2002) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.229202 · Cited by 8,480 · see citing works
Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience
Button, K. S., Ioannidis, J. P. A., Mokrysz, C., Nosek, B. A., Flint, J., Robinson, E. S. J., & Munafò, M. R. (2013) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3475 · Cited by 7,641 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Many epigenetic studies of stress are very small, running the risk that effect sizes for statistically significant associations could be overestimated (53).”
BackgroundEffects of stress throughout the lifespan on the brain, behaviour and cognition
Lupien, S. J., McEwen, B. S., Gunnar, M. R., & Heim, C. (2009) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2639 · Cited by 6,256 · see citing works
Epigenetic programming by maternal behavior
Weaver, I. C. G., Cervoni, N., Champagne, F. A., D'Alessio, A. C., Sharma, S., Seckl, J. R., Dymov, S., Szyf, M., & Meaney, M. J. (2004) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn1276 · Cited by 6,177 · see citing works
Burden and consequences of child maltreatment in high-income countries
Gilbert, R., Widom, C. S., Browne, K., Fergusson, D., Webb, E., & Janson, S. (2009) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(08)61706-7 · Cited by 3,876 · see citing works
Initial reliability and validity of a new retrospective measure of child abuse and neglect
(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.8.1132 · Cited by 3,577 · see citing works
Epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor in human brain associates with childhood abuse
McGowan, P. O., Sasaki, A., D'Alessio, A. C., Dymov, S., Labonté, B., Szyf, M., Turecki, G., & Meaney, M. J. (2009) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.2270 · Cited by 3,531 · see citing works
Norman, R. E., Byambaa, M., De, R., Butchart, A., Scott, J., & Vos, T. (2012) · PLoS Medicine · doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.1001349 · Cited by 3,387 · see citing works
Adverse childhood experiences, allostasis, allostatic load and age-related disease
Danese, A., & McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.08.019 · Cited by 2,140 · see citing works
Self-citationPoly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization
David Finkelhor, B., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.06.008 · Cited by 2,058 · see citing works
Epigenetics and the environment: emerging patterns and implications
Feil, R., & Fraga, M. F. (2012) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3142 · Cited by 1,929 · see citing works
Miller, G. E., Chen, E., & Parker, K. J. (2011) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0024768 · Cited by 1,785 · see citing works
Oxytocin and vasopressin in the human brain: social neuropeptides for translational medicine
Meyer-Lindenberg, A., Domes, G., Kirsch, P., & Heinrichs, M. (2011) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3044 · Cited by 1,688 · see citing works
Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1999 National Report
Snyder, H. N., & Sickmund, M. (1999) · Cited by 1,518 · see citing works
Annual research review: enduring neurobiological effects of childhood abuse and neglect
Teicher, M. H., & Samson, J. A. (2016) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12507 · Cited by 1,473 · see citing works
Juvenile Offenders and Victims: 1999 National Report
(1999) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e379692004-005 · Cited by 1,463 · see citing works
Allele-specific FKBP5 DNA demethylation mediates gene–childhood trauma interactions
Klengel, T., Mehta, D., Anacker, C., Rex-Haffner, M., Pruessner, J. C., Pariante, C. M., Pace, T. W. W., Mercer, K. B., Mayberg, H. S., Bradley, B., et al. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3275 · Cited by 1,447 · see citing works
Self-citationYates, A. D., Akanni, W. A., Amode, M. R., Barrell, D. G., Billis, K., Carvalho‐Silva, D., Cummins, C. A., Clapham, P., Fitzgerald, S. F., Gil, L., et al. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1157 · Cited by 1,246 · see citing works
Brain on stress: how the social environment gets under the skin
McEwen, B. S. (2012) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1121254109 · Cited by 1,200 · see citing works
A data-driven approach to preprocessing Illumina 450K methylation array data
Pidsley, R., Y Wong, C. C., Volta, M., Lunnon, K., Mill, J., & Schalkwyk, L. C. (2013) · BMC Genomics · doi:10.1186/1471-2164-14-293 · Cited by 1,143 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Data were processed with the pfilter function from the wateRmelon package (22), excluding zero samples with .”
MethodSelf-citationEpigenetic Signatures of Cigarette Smoking
Joehanes, R., Just, A. C., Marioni, R. E., Pilling, L. C., Reynolds, L. M., Mandaviya, P. R., Guan, W., Xu, T., Elks, C. E., Aslibekyan, S. W., et al. (2016) · Circulation Cardiovascular Genetics · doi:10.1161/circgenetics.116.001506 · Cited by 915 · see citing works
Chen, Y.-A., Lemire, M., Choufani, S., Butcher, D., Grafodatskaya, D., Zanke, B., Gallinger, S., Hudson, T. J., & Weksberg, R. (2013) · Epigenetics · doi:10.4161/epi.23470 · Cited by 908 · see citing works
The Juvenile Victimization Questionnaire: reliability, validity, and national norms.
Finkelhor, D., Hamby, S., Ormrod, R., & Turner, H. (2005) · International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2004.11.001 · Cited by 860 · see citing works
Reuben, A., Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Belsky, D. W., Harrington, H., Schroeder, F., Hogan, S., Ramrakha, S., Poulton, R., & Danese, A. (2016) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/jcpp.12621 · Cited by 835 · see citing works
Self-citationHolocaust Exposure Induced Intergenerational Effects on FKBP5 Methylation
Yehuda, R., Daskalakis, N. P., Bierer, L. M., Bader, H. N., Klengel, T., Holsboer, F., & Binder, E. B. (2016) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2015.08.005 · Cited by 782 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Under the label of “adversity,” studies have focused on a diverse mix of exposures spanning maternal psychiatric disease (13), early parental loss (14), institutionalization (15), indentured child labor (16), child abuse (17), and the Holocaust (18).”
BackgroundAccuracy of adult recollections of childhood victimization, Part 2: Childhood sexual abuse.
Widom, C. S., & Morris, S. (1997) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.9.1.34 · Cited by 746 · see citing works
Epigenetics as a unifying principle in the aetiology of complex traits and diseases
Petronis, A. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09230 · Cited by 727 · see citing works
Childhood victimization and lifetime revictimization
Widom, C. S., Czaja, S. J., & Dutton, M. A. (2008) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2007.12.006 · Cited by 685 · see citing works
Bradley, R. G., Binder, E. B., Epstein, M. P., Tang, Y., Nair, H. P., Liu, W., Gillespie, C. F., Berg, T., Evces, M., Newport, D. J., et al. (2008) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2007.26 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Asmundson, G. J. G., & Afifi, T. O. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2017-0-03827-2 · Cited by 580 · see citing works
Child Abuse and Neglect in the UK Today
Radford, L., Corral, S., Bradley, C., Fisher, H. L., Bassett, C., Howat, N., & Collishaw, S. (2011) · CLOK (University of Central Lancashire) · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Self-citationMehta, D., Klengel, T., Conneely, K. N., Smith, A. K., Altmann, A., Pace, T. W., Rex-Haffner, M., Loeschner, A., Gonik, M., Mercer, K. B., et al. (2013) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1217750110 · Cited by 548 · see citing works
Price, E. M., Cotton, A. M., Lam, L., Farré, P., Emberly, E., Brown, C. J., Robinson, W., & Kobor, M. (2013) · Epigenetics & Chromatin · doi:10.1186/1756-8935-6-4 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
Genome-wide epigenetic regulation by early-life trauma
Labonté, B., Suderman, M., Maussion, G., Navaro, L., Yerko, V., Mahar, I., Bureau, A., Mechawar, N., Szyf, M., Meaney, M. J., et al. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.2287 · Cited by 488 · see citing works
Tyrka, A. R., Price, L. H., Marsit, C., Walters, O. C., & Carpenter, L. L. (2012) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0030148 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Hannon, E., Lunnon, K., Schalkwyk, L., & Mill, J. (2015) · Epigenetics · doi:10.1080/15592294.2015.1100786 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Self-citationTeen‐aged mothers in contemporary Britain
Moffitt, T. E., & the E‐Risk Study Team (2002) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/1469-7610.00082 · Cited by 439 · see citing works
Self-citationDNA methylation of BDNF as a biomarker of early-life adversity
Kundakovic, M., Gudsnuk, K., Herbstman, J. B., Tang, D., Perera, F. P., & Champagne, F. A. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1408355111 · Cited by 426 · see citing works
Radford, L., Corral, S., Bradley, C., & Fisher, H. L. (2013) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2013.02.004 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Self-citationPoulton, R., Moffitt, T. E., & Silva, P. A. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1048-8 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanisms linking early life stress to adult health outcomes
Taylor, S. E. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1003890107 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Accuracy of adult recollections of childhood victimization: Part 1. Childhood physical abuse.
Widom, C. S., & Shepard, R. L. (1996) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.8.4.412 · Cited by 374 · see citing works
Palma-Gudiel, H., Córdova-Palomera, A., Leza, J. C., & Fañanás, L. (2015) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.05.016 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
From promises to practical strategies in epigenetic epidemiology
Mill, J. S., & Heijmans, B. T. (2013) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3405 · Cited by 347 · see citing works
Self-citationOdgers, C. L., Caspi, A., Bates, C. J., Sampson, R. J., & Moffitt, T. E. (2012) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2012.02565.x · Cited by 342 · see citing works
Self-citationWeder, N., Zhang, H., Jensen, K., Yang, B. Z., Simen, A., Jackowski, A., Lipschitz, D., Douglas-Palumberi, H., Ge, M., Perepletchikova, F., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2013.12.025 · Cited by 324 · see citing works
Devlin, A. M., Brain, U., Austin, J., & Oberlander, T. F. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0012201 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
The molecular bases of the suicidal brain
Turecki, G. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3839 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
DNA methylation: A mechanism for embedding early life experiences in the genome
Szyf, M., & Bick, J. (2013) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2012.01793.x · Cited by 251 · see citing works
Moffitt, T. E., & Tank, T. K.-G. 2. T. (2013) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579413000801 · Cited by 239 · see citing works
Self-citationBeach, S. R. H., Brody, G. H., Todorov, A. A., Gunter, T. D., & Philibert, R. A. (2009) · American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B Neuropsychiatric Genetics · doi:10.1002/ajmg.b.31028 · Cited by 229 · see citing works
Allostasis and the Epigenetics of Brain and Body Health Over the Life Course: The Brain on Stress
McEwen, B. S. (2017) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.0270 · Cited by 223 · see citing works
Danese, A., Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Bleiberg, B. A., Dinardo, P. B., Gandelman, S., Houts, R., Ambler, A. P., Fisher, H. L., Poulton, R., et al. (2016) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.2016.16030333 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
Self-citationKundaković, M., Lim, S. C., Gudsnuk, K. M., & Champagne, F. A. (2013) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2013.00078 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Schaefer, J. D., Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Danese, A., Fisher, H. L., Houts, R., Sheridan, M. A., Wertz, J., & Caspi, A. (2018) · Clinical Psychological Science · doi:10.1177/2167702617741381 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationEpigenetic programming by stress and glucocorticoids along the human lifespan
Zannas, A. S., & Chrousos, G. P. (2017) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2017.35 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Epigenetic effects of stress and corticosteroids in the brain
Hunter, R. G. (2012) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2012.00018 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Provenzi, L., Giorda, R., Beri, S., & Montirosso, R. (2016) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.021 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Kember, R. L., Dempster, E. L., Lee, T. H. A., Schalkwyk, L. C., Mill, J., & Fernandes, C. (2012) · Brain and Behavior · doi:10.1002/brb3.69 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Self-citationFisher, H. L., Caspi, A., Moffitt, T. E., Wertz, J., Gray, R., Newbury, J., Ambler, A., Zavos, H., Danese, A., Mill, J., et al. (2015) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579415000838 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationStill Searching for Lost Truths About the Bitter Sorrows of Childhood
Susser, E., & Widom, C. S. (2012) · Schizophrenia Bulletin · doi:10.1093/schbul/sbs074 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Esposito, E. A., Jones, M. J., Doom, J. R., MacIsaac, J. L., Gunnar, M. R., & Kobor, M. S. (2016) · Development and Psychopathology · doi:10.1017/s0954579416000055 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Kumsta, R., Marzi, S. J., Viana, J. F., Dempster, E. L., Crawford, B., Rutter, M. L., Mill, J. S., & Sonuga-Barke, E. J. S. (2016) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.95 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationDNA methylation profiles of elderly individuals subjected to indentured childhood labor and trauma
Marinova, Z., Maercker, A. R. A., Küffer, A., Robinson, M. D., Wojdacz, T. K., Walitza, S., Grünblatt, E., & Burri, A. V. (2017) · BMC Medical Genetics · doi:10.1186/s12881-017-0370-2 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Time for united action on depression: a Lancet–World Psychiatric Association Commission
Herrman, H., Patel, V., Kieling, C., Berk, M., Buchweitz, C., Cuijpers, P., Furukawa, T. A., Kessler, R. C., Kohrt, B. A., Maj, M., et al. (2022) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(21)02141-3 · Cited by 1,104 · see citing works
Belsky, D. W., Caspi, A., Arseneault, L., Baccarelli, A., Corcoran, D. L., Gao, X., Hannon, E., Harrington, H. L., Rasmussen, L. J., Houts, R., et al. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.54870 · Cited by 652 · see citing works
Self-citationDunn, E. C., Soare, T. W., Zhu, Y., Simpkin, A. J., Suderman, M. J., Klengel, T., Smith, A. D. A. C., Ressler, K. J., & Relton, C. L. (2019) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.12.023 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Epigenetic Modifications in Stress Response Genes Associated With Childhood Trauma
Jiang, S., Postovit, L., Cattaneo, A., Binder, E. B., & Aitchison, K. J. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00808 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Biological embedding of experience: a primer on epigenetics
Aristizabal, M. J., Anreiter, I., Halldorsdottir, T., Odgers, C. L., McDade, T. W., Goldenberg, A., Mostafavi, S., Kobor, M. S., Binder, E. B., Sokolowski, M. B., et al. (2020) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1820838116 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Self-citationPenner-Goeke, S., & Binder, E. B. (2019) · Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience · doi:10.31887/dcns.2019.21.4/ebinder · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Patterns of Reliability: Assessing the Reproducibility and Integrity of DNA Methylation Measurement
Sugden, K., Hannon, E. J., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D. W., Corcoran, D. L., Fisher, H. L., Houts, R. M., Kandaswamy, R., Moffitt, T. E., Poulton, R., et al. (2020) · Patterns · doi:10.1016/j.patter.2020.100014 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citationRasmussen, L. J. H., Moffitt, T. E., Arseneault, L., Danese, A., Eugen-Olsen, J., Fisher, H. L., Harrington, H., Houts, R., Matthews, T., Sugden, K., et al. (2020) · JAMA Pediatrics · doi:10.1001/jamapediatrics.2019.3875 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Self-citationOlvera Alvarez, H. A., Kubzansky, L. D., Campen, M. J., & Slavich, G. M. (2018) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.06.002 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
“(2018) conducted epigenome-wide analyses in peripheral blood from participants of the Environmental Risk (E-Risk) Longitudinal Study (Moffitt, 2002) and found no support for the hypothesis of robust changes in DNA methylation in young (18-year olds) individuals with history of victimization (Marzi et al., 2018).”
Epigenetics in eating disorders: a systematic review
Hübel, C., Marzi, S. J., Breen, G., & Bulik, C. M. (2019) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-018-0254-7 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Bishop, J. R., Lee, A. M., Mills, L. J., Thuras, P. D., Eum, S., Clancy, D., Erbes, C. R., Polusny, M. A., Lamberty, G. J., & Lim, K. O. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00418 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Wertz, J., Caspi, A., Ambler, A., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D. W., Danese, A., Fisher, H. L., Matthews, T., Richmond-Rakerd, L. S., & Moffitt, T. E. (2020) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.jaac.2019.07.005 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Self-citationCan epigenetics shine a light on the biological pathways underlying major mental disorders?
Alameda, L., Trotta, G., Quigley, H., Rodriguez, V., Gadelrab, R., Dwir, D., Dempster, E., Wong, C. C. Y., & Forti, M. D. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721005559 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
“A similar study examining the impact of CA on the epigenome in a general population found that tobacco consumption was an important confounding when examining the signature of CA (Marzi et al., 2018).”
BackgroundSelf-citationPerinatal stress and epigenetics.
(2021) · Handbook of Clinical Neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-820107-7.00008-2 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Perret, L. C., Geoffroy, M.-C., Barr, E., Parnet, F., Provencal, N., Boivin, M., O’Donnell, K. J., Suderman, M., Power, C., Turecki, G., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.1051556 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
DNA methylation in adolescents with anxiety disorder: A longitudinal study
Bortoluzzi, A., Salum, G. A., da Rosa, E. D., Chagas, V. D. S., Castro, M. A. A., & Manfro, G. G. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-32090-1 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
- Authors
- Marzi, S. J., Sugden, K., Arseneault, L., Belsky, D. W., Burrage, J., Corcoran, D. L., Danese, A., Fisher, H. L., Hannon, E., Moffitt, T. E., Odgers, C. L., Pariante, C., Poulton, R., Williams, B. S., Wong, C. C. Y., Mill, J., & Caspi, A.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- ORCID
- Venue
- American Journal of Psychiatry
- Published
- 2018-06-01
- Volume
- 175
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 517-529
- ISSN
- 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
- 1535-7228
- PMC
- PMC5988939
- OpenAlex
- W2783562516
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 65
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 49 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 1
- FWCI
- 24.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Open Research Exeter (University of Exeter) (acceptedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- Royal Devon and Exeter Research Repository (Royal Devon and Exeter) (submittedVersion)
- Spiral (Imperial College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- GlaxoSmithKline
- North Carolina Biotechnology Center (2016-IDG-1013)
- American Asthma Foundation
- Wellcome Trust
- MQ: Transforming Mental Health (MQ14F40)
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NF-SI-0616-10074)
- European Commission (316758)
- Jacobs Foundation (MR/P005918/1, AG032282, G1002190, HD077482)
- H. Lundbeck A/S
- National Institutes of Health (1s10od018164-01)
- Medical Research Council (MR/P005918, HD077482, P005918, G1002190, MR/P005918/1, MR/N029488/1, AG032282, P005918/1)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/P010113/1)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG032282)
- National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (MR/P005918/1, G1002190, HD077482, AG032282)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (P2CHD065563, R01HD077482)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, childhood abuse, polyvictimization, stress response genes, NR3C1, FKBP5, brain-derived neurotrophic factor, vasopressin, CRHR1, serotonin transporter, bullying, cyber victimization, intimate partner violence exposure, neglect, co-twin control
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Genes, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Stress, Psychological, DNA Methylation, Crime Victims, Epigenesis, Genetic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
