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Retrieving Essential Material at the End of Lectures Improves Performance on Statistics Exams
Abstract
At the end of each lecture in a statistics for psychology course, students answered a small set of questions that required them to retrieve information from the same day’s lecture. These exercises constituted retrieval practice for lecture material subsequently tested on four exams throughout the course. This technique is called the PUREMEM (pronounced “pure mem”) procedure for Pure Memory or Practicing Unassisted Retrieval to Enhance Memory for Essential Material. Exam scores were significantly and substantially higher in a section of the course taught with the PUREMEM procedure than one taught without it. Students liked the procedure and believed it increased learning via several different mechanisms.
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“Similar benefits of in-class quizzes in college classes have been seen in a Psychology Research Methods class (Bjork et al. 2014), in an Introductory Psychology class (Batsell et al. 2017), and in a Statistics for Psychology class (Lyle & Crawford 2011), all of them at large state universities.”
From Practicing Retrieval Facilitates Learning (2021) · cites this paper as Lyle & Crawford 2011
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lyle, K. B., & Crawford, N. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Louisville (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lyle, Keith B.
- ORCID
- Lyle, Keith B.
- Venue
- Teaching of Psychology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2011-03-23
- Volume
- 38
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 94-97
- ISSN
- 0098-6283 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-8023
- OpenAlex
- W2090017607
- Cited by
- 180
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 4.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Teaching of Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistics Education and Methodologies
- Social Sciences › Education › Innovative Teaching Methods
- Keywords
- retrieval practice, statistics education, exam performance, memory enhancement, lecture method, student perceptions, statistics in psychology
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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