Behavioral Adjustment Moderates the Link Between Neuroticism and Biological Health Risk: A U.S.–Japan Comparison Study

Kitayama, Shinobu; Park, Jiyoung; Miyamoto, Yuri; Date, Heiwa; Boylan, Jennifer Morozink; Markus, Hazel R.; Karasawa, Mayumi; Kawakami, Norito; Coe, Christopher L.; Love, Gayle D.; Ryff, Carol D.

doi:10.1177/0146167217748603

Cited by 59Personality Traits and PsychologyPsychological Well-being and Life SatisfactionCultural Differences and Values

Behavioral Adjustment Moderates the Link Between Neuroticism and Biological Health Risk: A U.S.–Japan Comparison Study

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Kitayama, Shinobu, Park, Jiyoung, Miyamoto, Yuri, Date, Heiwa, Boylan, Jennifer Morozink, Markus, Hazel R., Karasawa, Mayumi, Kawakami, Norito +3 more·2018·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

DOI 10.1177/0146167217748603PMC PMC5940540

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Abstract

Neuroticism, a broad personality trait linked to negative emotions, is consistently linked to ill health when self-report is used to assess health. However, when health risk is assessed with biomarkers, the evidence is inconsistent. Here, we tested the hypothesis that the association between neuroticism and biological health risk is moderated by behavioral adjustment, a propensity to flexibly adjust behaviors to environmental contingencies. Using a U.S.–Japan cross-cultural survey, we found that neuroticism was linked to lower biological health risk for those who are high, but not low, in behavioral adjustment. Importantly, Japanese were higher in behavioral adjustment than European Americans, and as predicted by this cultural difference, neuroticism was linked to lower biological health risk for Japanese but not for European Americans. Finally, consistent with prior evidence, neuroticism was associated with worse self-reported health regardless of behavioral adjustment or culture. Discussion focused on the significance of identifying sociocultural correlates of biological health.

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Is Conscientiousness Always Associated With Better Health? A U.S.–Japan Cross-Cultural Examination of Biological Health Risk
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Authors: Kitayama, S., Park, J., Miyamoto, Y., Date, H., Boylan, J. M., Markus, H. R., Karasawa, M., Kawakami, N., Coe, C. L., Love, G. D., & Ryff, C. D.
Affiliations: University of Michigan (US)
The University of Texas at Dallas (US)
University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Shiga University (JP)
University of Colorado Denver (US)
Stanford University (US)
Tokyo Woman's Christian University (JP)
The University of Tokyo (JP)
Corresponding author: Kitayama, Shinobu
ORCID: Kitayama, Shinobu
Park, Jiyoung
Miyamoto, Yuri
Date, Heiwa
Boylan, Jennifer Morozink
Markus, Hazel R.
Karasawa, Mayumi
Kawakami, Norito
Coe, Christopher L.
Ryff, Carol D.
Venue: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2018-01-30
Volume: 44
Issue: 6
Pages: 809-822
ISSN: 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
1552-7433
DOI: 10.1177/0146167217748603
PMC: PMC5940540
OpenAlex: W2790247415
Cited by: 59
References: 54
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 5
FWCI: 7.92
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute on Aging (R37AG027343, P01AG020166, U19AG051426)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Cultural Differences and Values
Keywords: neuroticism, behavioral adjustment, biomarkers, self-reported health, personality and health, cross-cultural comparison, Japanese, European Americans, moderation
MeSH terms: Health Risk Behaviors, Neuroticism, Aged, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Female, Health, Health Status, Humans, Japan, Male, Middle Aged, Risk Factors, United States, Biomarkers, Self Report

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Behavioral Adjustment Moderates the Link Between Neuroticism and Biological Health Risk: A U.S.–Japan Comparison Study

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