Year‐long Changes in Protein Metabolism in Elderly Men and Women Supplemented With a Nutrition Cocktail of β‐Hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate (HMB), L‐Arginine, and L‐Lysine
Abstract
Background: A major contributing factor to the loss of mobility in elderly people is the gradual and continuous loss of lean body mass. Objectives: To determine whether supplementation of an amino acid cocktail daily for 1 year could improve the age‐associated changes in protein turnover and lean body mass in elderly people. Design: Elderly (76± 1.6 years) women (n = 39) and men (n = 38) were recruited for a double‐blinded controlled study. Study participants were randomly assigned to either an isonitrogenous control‐supplement (n = 37) or a treatment‐supplement (HMB/Arg/Lys) consisting of β‐hydroxy‐β‐methylbutyrate, L‐arginine, and L‐lysine (n = 40) for the 1‐year study. Lean tissue mass was measured using both bioelectrical‐impedance analysis (BIA) and dual energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA). Rates of whole‐body protein turnover were estimated using primed/intermittent oral doses of 15 N‐glycine. Results: In subjects taking the HMB/Arg/Lys supplement, lean tissue increased over the year of study while in the control group, lean tissue did not change. Compared with control, HMB/Arg/Lys increased body cell mass (BIA) by 1.6% (P = .002) and lean mass (DXA) by 1.2% (P = .05). The rates of protein turnover were significantly increased 8% and 12% in the HMB/Arg/Lys‐supplemented group while rates of protein turnover decreased 11% and 9% in the control‐supplemented subjects (P < .01), at 3 and 12 months, respectively. Conclusions: Consumption of a simple amino acid‐related cocktail increased protein turnover and lean tissue in elderly individuals in a year‐long study.
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In general, creatine and beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate have positive effects on lean body mass and strength, but the effects tend to be small and are not consistent.
“In general, these agents have positive effects on lean body mass and strength, but the effects tend to be small and are not consistent.”
From Evidence-Based Recommendations for Optimal Dietary Protein Intake in Older People: A Position Paper From the PROT-AGE Study Group (2013) · cites this paper as [176]
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- Authors
- Baier, S., Johannsen, D., Abumrad, N., Rathmacher, J. A., Nissen, S., & Flakoll, P.
- Affiliations
- Iowa State University (US)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Nissen, Steven
- Venue
- Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2008-10-02
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 71-82
- ISSN
- 0148-6071 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-2444
- OpenAlex
- W2047767140
- Cited by
- 133
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 1.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r44ag020897-03)
- National Institute on Aging (R44AG20897)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
- Keywords
- protein metabolism, protein turnover, lean body mass, older adults, beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, L-arginine, L-lysine, amino acid supplementation, sarcopenia, body cell mass, aging
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Arginine, Body Composition, Double-Blind Method, Drug Therapy, Combination, Female, Humans, Lysine, Male, Patient Compliance, Proteins, Surveys and Questionnaires, Valerates, Muscle, Skeletal, Dietary Supplements
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