The DOI matches its Crossref record; 11 of the 11 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Referencing as Persuasion
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Thus, the cited documents have not been selected because of their content, but in order to influence the reader as to the claims of the citing author.”
From Core Elements in the Process of Citing Publications: Conceptual Overview of the Literature (2018) · cites this paper as Gilbert, 1977
In the citing paper
“A typical and highly cited paper in this context is Gilbert (1977) who regards citations as tools for persuasion.”
From Core Elements in the Process of Citing Publications: Conceptual Overview of the Literature (2018) · cites this paper as Gilbert, 1977
In the citing paper
“According to Gilbert (1977), an author selects documents for citing which were published by reputable authors in the field.”
From Core Elements in the Process of Citing Publications: Conceptual Overview of the Literature (2018) · cites this paper as Gilbert, 1977
In the citing paper
“authors cite to support their claims and to convince readers of their knowledge claims.”
From Core Elements in the Process of Citing Publications: Conceptual Overview of the Literature (2018) · cites this paper as Gilbert (1977)
Citations
Cites
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
From translations to problematic networks: An introduction to co-word analysis
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Scholarly communication and bibliometrics
Borgman, C. L., & Furner, J. (2002) · Annual Review of Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/aris.1440360102 · Cited by 1,147
The Handbook of Research Synthesis
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Is citation analysis a legitimate evaluation tool?
Garfield, E. (1979) · Scientometrics · doi:10.1007/bf02019306 · Cited by 911
Bibliometric Methods: Pitfalls and Possibilities
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Cited Documents as Concept Symbols
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Quantitative Measures of Communication in Science: A Critical Review
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‘Nowhere has anyone attempted … In this article I aim to do just that’
Harwood, N. (2005) · Journal of Pragmatics · doi:10.1016/j.pragma.2005.01.012 · Cited by 285
Co-word maps of biotechnology: An example of cognitive scientometrics
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Private acts and public objects: An investigation of citer motivations
Brooks, T. A. (1985) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science · doi:10.1002/asi.4630360402 · Cited by 256
Measuring academic influence: Not all citations are equal
Zhu, X., Turney, P. D., Lemire, D., & Vellino, A. (2014) · Journal of the Association for Information Science and Technology · doi:10.1002/asi.23179 · Cited by 268
Rhetorical functions of citations in high- and low-rated master's theses
Petrić, B. (2007) · Journal of English for Academic Purposes · doi:10.1016/j.jeap.2007.09.002 · Cited by 277
Grand challenges in altmetrics: heterogeneity, data quality and dependencies
Haustein, S. (2016) · Scientometrics · doi:10.1007/s11192-016-1910-9 · Cited by 241
Peer Review and the Social Construction of Knowledge in the Management Discipline
Bedeian, A. G. (2004) · Academy of Management Learning and Education · doi:10.5465/amle.2004.13500489 · Cited by 234
The impact of empirical tests of transaction cost economics on the debate on the nature of the firm
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Evidence of complex citer motivations
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What is Special about Patent Citations? Differences between Scientific and Patent Citations
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Sitations: an exploratory study
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Reputation and Predecessor Selection: Parsons and the Institutionalists
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THE NEED FOR A THEORY OF CITING
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Putting Facts Together: A Study of Scientific Persuasion
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What makes articles highly cited?
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The Impact of Author-Selected Keywords on Citation Counts
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Citations: Indicators of Quality? The Impact Fallacy
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Dimensions of Citation Analysis
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Concentration of the Most-Cited Papers in the Scientific Literature: Analysis of Journal Ecosystems
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Disciplinary discourse in doctoral theses
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Is citation analysis a legitimate evaluation tool?
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Nanotechnology as a field of science: Its delineation in terms of journals and patents
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Unpacking the Matthew effect in citations
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Utilizing the Literatures in Teaching the Research Paper
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Referencing in the humanities and its implications for citation analysis
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Journal rankings in management and business studies: What rules do we play by?
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A retrospective review of the first 35 years of the International Journal of Research in Marketing
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How Are Academic Age, Productivity and Collaboration Related to Citing Behavior of Researchers?
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The Negational Reference: or the Art of Dissembling
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The Social Construction Of Bibliometric Evaluations
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The Mismeasure of Science: Citation Analysis
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Citations and the evaluation of individual scientists
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Macrodynamics of Economics: A Bibliometric History
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Citations: Indicators of significance?
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What a difference a colon makes: how superficial factors influence subsequent citation
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Measuring the Quality of Academic Journals: The Case of Economics
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“Citations assign priority or ownership of a claim or finding to authors of the cited publication and are used to integrate findings in the existing consensus (6).”
BackgroundLawani, S. M., & Bayer, A. E. (1983) · Journal of the American Society for Information Science · doi:10.1002/asi.4630340109 · Cited by 93
Luukkonen, T. (1997) · Scientometrics · doi:10.1007/bf02461121 · Cited by 94
Measuring originality in science
Shibayama, S., & Wang, J. (2019) · Scientometrics · doi:10.1007/s11192-019-03263-0 · Cited by 94
Performance in the Citing Behavior of Two Student Writers
Harwood, N., & Petrić, B. (2011) · Written Communication · doi:10.1177/0741088311424133 · Cited by 104
Metadata
- Authors
- Nigel Gilbert, G.
- Venue
- Social Studies of Science
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 1977-02
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 113-122
- ISSN
- 0036-8539 (ISSN-L)
- 0306-3127
- 1460-3659
- OpenAlex
- W2171789734
- Cited by
- 691
- References
- 11
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 26 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 33 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 40 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 33 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 19
- FWCI
- 32.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Social Studies of Science (publishedVersion)
- Surrey Research Insight Open Access (The University of Surrey) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › Academic Writing and Publishing
- Social Sciences › Library and Information Sciences › scientometrics and bibliometrics research
- Social Sciences › Linguistics and Language › Discourse Analysis in Language Studies
- Keywords
- referencing, citation, persuasion, epistemic authority, academic writing
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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