The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Uniting the Tribes of Fluency to Form a Metacognitive Nation
Abstract
Processing fluency, or the subjective experience of ease with which people process information, reliably influences people’s judgments across a broad range of social dimensions. Experimenters have manipulated processing fluency using a vast array of techniques, which, despite their diversity, produce remarkably similar judgmental consequences. For example, people similarly judge stimuli that are semantically primed (conceptual fluency), visually clear (perceptual fluency), and phonologically simple (linguistic fluency) as more true than their less fluent counterparts. The authors offer the first comprehensive review of such mechanisms and their implications for judgment and decision making. Because every cognition falls along a continuum from effortless to demanding and generates a corresponding fluency experience, the authors argue that fluency is a ubiquitous metacognitive cue in reasoning and social judgment.
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Cites
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Flavell, J. H. (1979) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.34.10.906 · Cited by 11,282 · cited 4×
“Related research indeed suggests that speech seems truer when uttered without pauses for “ah” and “um” (e.g., Clark & Fox Tree, 2002; Fox Tree, 2002; Fox Tree & Clark, 1997).”
InfluentialAvailability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9 · Cited by 9,984 · cited 3×
“Although Tversky and Kahneman (1973) did not use the fluency label in their seminal article, the availability heuristic was one of the first demonstrations that retrieval fluency influences judgment.”
Attitudinal Effects of Mere Exposure
Zajonc, R. B. (1968) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0025848 · Cited by 6,745
The processes of causal attribution.
Kelley, H. H. (1973) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/h0034225 · Cited by 4,025 · cited 2×
“People prefer to attribute an event to one rather than multiple plausible causes (Einhorn & Hogarth, 1986; Kelley, 1973 ).”
When choice is demotivating: can one desire too much of a good thing?
Iyengar, S. S., & Lepper, M. R. (2000) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.6.995 · Cited by 2,878
Exposure and affect: Overview and meta-analysis of research, 1968–1987.
Bornstein, R. F. (1989) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.106.2.265 · Cited by 1,970 · cited 1×
“Bornstein and D’Agostino (1992, 1994; Bornstein, 1989) later formalized the link between mere exposure and fluency.”
Embodiment in attitudes, social perception, and emotion
Niedenthal, P. M., Barsalou, L. W., Winkielman, P., Krauth-Gruber, S., & Ric, F. (2005) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1207/s15327957pspr0903_1 · Cited by 1,484
Ease of retrieval as information: another look at the availability heuristic
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Using uh and um in spontaneous speaking
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Cited by
Self-Regulated Learning: Beliefs, Techniques, and Illusions
Bjork, R. A., Dunlosky, J., & Kornell, N. (2013) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev-psych-113011-143823 · Cited by 1,468
The Differential Susceptibility to Media Effects Model
Valkenburg, P. M., & Peter, J. (2013) · Journal of Communication · doi:10.1111/jcom.12024 · Cited by 1,340
Prior exposure increases perceived accuracy of fake news
Pennycook, G., Cannon, T. D., & Rand, D. G. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Psychology General · doi:10.1037/xge0000465 · Cited by 1,268
Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. G. (2020) · Journal of Personality · doi:10.1111/jopy.12476 · Cited by 879
Analytic thinking reduces belief in conspiracy theories
Swami, V., Voracek, M., Stieger, S., Tran, U. S., & Furnham, A. (2014) · Cognition · doi:10.1016/j.cognition.2014.08.006 · Cited by 726
Metadata
- Authors
- Alter, A. L., & Oppenheimer, D. M.
- Venue
- Personality and Social Psychology Review
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-07-28
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 219-235
- ISSN
- 1088-8683 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-7957
- OpenAlex
- W2150228737
- Cited by
- 1,629
- References
- 16
- FWCI
- 22.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
