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Cited by 341Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyPhysical Activity and HealthDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 39 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

The effect of 12 weeks of aerobic, resistance or combination exercise training on cardiovascular risk factors in the overweight and obese in a randomized trial

Open access
Ho, Suleen S, Dhaliwal, Satvinder S, Hills, Andrew P, Pal, Sebely·2012·BMC Public Health
DOI 10.1186/1471-2458-12-704PMC PMC3487794
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Abstract

Background: Evidence suggests that exercise training improves CVD risk factors. However, it is unclear whether health benefits are limited to aerobic training or if other exercise modalities such as resistance training or a combination are as effective or more effective in the overweight and obese. The aim of this study is to investigate whether 12 weeks of moderate-intensity aerobic, resistance, or combined exercise training would induce and sustain improvements in cardiovascular risk profile, weight and fat loss in overweight and obese adults compared to no exercise. Methods: Twelve-week randomized parallel design examining the effects of different exercise regimes on fasting measures of lipids, glucose and insulin and changes in body weight, fat mass and dietary intake. Participants were randomized to either: Group 1 (Control, n = 16); Group 2 (Aerobic, n = 15); Group 3 (Resistance, n = 16); Group 4 (Combination, n = 17). Data was analysed using General Linear Model to assess the effects of the groups after adjusting for baseline values. Within-group data was analyzed with the paired t-test and between-group effects using post hoc comparisons. Results: Significant improvements in body weight (−1.6%, p = 0.044) for the Combination group compared to Control and Resistance groups and total body fat compared to Control (−4.4%, p = 0.003) and Resistance (−3%, p = 0.041). Significant improvements in body fat percentage (−2.6%, p = 0.008), abdominal fat percentage (−2.8%, p = 0.034) and cardio-respiratory fitness (13.3%, p = 0.006) were seen in the Combination group compared to Control. Levels of ApoB48 were 32% lower in the Resistance group compared to Control (p = 0.04). Conclusion: A 12-week training program comprising of resistance or combination exercise, at moderate-intensity for 30 min, five days/week resulted in improvements in the cardiovascular risk profile in overweight and obese participants compared to no exercise. From our observations, combination exercise gave greater benefits for weight loss, fat loss and cardio-respiratory fitness than aerobic and resistance training modalities. Therefore, combination exercise training should be recommended for overweight and obese adults in National Physical Activity Guidelines. This clinical trial was registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ANZCTR), registration number: ACTRN12609000684224.

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Figure 1 Participant flow chart.
Figure 1 Participant flow chart.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 2 Comparison of changes from baseline between groups for body weight (A), BMI (B), body fat (C), body fat % (D) and android fat % (E). Body fat was measured by DXA. Data represents mean ± SEM. Statistical differences between groups indicated by different superscripts, p < 0.05.
Figure 2 Comparison of changes from baseline between groups for body weight (A), BMI (B), body fat (C), body fat % (D) and android fat % (E). Body fat was measured by DXA. Data represents mean ± SEM. Statistical differences between groups indicated by different superscripts, p < 0.05.CC BY · PubMed Central
Figure 3 Comparison of changes from baseline between groups for cardio-respiratory fitness. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 64). Statistical differences between groups indicated by different superscripts, p < 0.05.
Figure 3 Comparison of changes from baseline between groups for cardio-respiratory fitness. Values are mean ± SEM (n = 64). Statistical differences between groups indicated by different superscripts, p < 0.05.CC BY · PubMed Central

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee: Physical Activity Guidelines Advisory Committee Report. 2008, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Washington, DC
  2. National Health and Medical Research Council: National Physical Activity Guidelines for Australians. 1999, Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra

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Metadata

Authors
Ho, S. S., Dhaliwal, S. S., Hills, A. P., & Pal, S.
Affiliations
  • Curtin University (AU)
  • Griffith University (AU)
Corresponding author
Pal, Sebely
ORCID
Venue
BMC Public Health
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2012-08-28
Volume
12
Issue
1
Pages
704-704
ISSN
1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/1471-2458-12-704
PMC
PMC3487794
OpenAlex
W2166899416
Cited by
341
References
40
Citations by year
2026: 24 · 2025: 30 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 41 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 2
FWCI
39.77
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
  • eSpace (Curtin University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
  • Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion, cc-by)
Funders
Curtin University of Technology
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords
exercise training, aerobic exercise, resistance training, cardiovascular risk factors, overweight, obesity, weight loss, fat loss, cardiorespiratory fitness, apolipoprotein B-48, lipids, insulin, abdominal fat, body composition, dietary intake, physical activity guidelines, moderate-intensity exercise, brief intervention, sex differences, age differences, ethnic differences, socioeconomic status
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Blood Glucose, Body Weight, Cardiovascular Diseases, Exercise Therapy, Female, Humans, Insulin, Lipids, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Physical Fitness, Risk Factors, Time Factors, Exercise, Body Mass Index, Overweight, Apolipoprotein B-48, Resistance Training

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