Cognitive interviewing methodology in the development of a pediatric item bank: a patient reported outcomes measurement information system (PROMIS) study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The evaluation of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in health care has seen greater use in recent years, and methods to improve the reliability and validity of PRO instruments are advancing. This paper discusses the cognitive interviewing procedures employed by the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) pediatrics group for the purpose of developing a dynamic, electronic item bank for field testing with children and adolescents using novel computer technology. The primary objective of this study was to conduct cognitive interviews with children and adolescents to gain feedback on items measuring physical functioning, emotional health, social health, fatigue, pain, and asthma-specific symptoms. METHODS: A total of 88 cognitive interviews were conducted with 77 children and adolescents across two sites on 318 items. From this initial item bank, 25 items were deleted and 35 were revised and underwent a second round of cognitive interviews. A total of 293 items were retained for field testing. RESULTS: Children as young as 8 years of age were able to comprehend the majority of items, response options, directions, recall period, and identify problems with language that was difficult for them to understand. Cognitive interviews indicated issues with item comprehension on several items which led to alternative wording for these items. CONCLUSION: Children ages 8-17 years were able to comprehend most item stems and response options in the present study. Field testing with the resulting items and response options is presently being conducted as part of the PROMIS Pediatric Item Bank development process.
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The facilitator did not offer any help during the tasks unless explicitly requested by the participants.
“The facilitator did not offer any help during the tasks unless explicitly requested by the participants [68,70].”
From Development and usability testing of a web-based and therapist-assisted coping skills program for managing psychosocial problems in individuals with hand and upper limb injuries: Mixed methods study (2020) · cites this paper as [70]
The Methods section (‘Cognitive interviewing process’; page unavailable) says participants completed an item set before a research assistant reviewed their responses with them. It does not say whether the facilitator offered help during completion or only when asked. I searched for the paper’s procedures on interviewer assistance and participant requests, but found no passage establishing that rule. (LLM, conf=0.73)
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- Authors
- Irwin, D. E., Varni, J. W., Yeatts, K., & DeWalt, D. A.
- Affiliations
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
- Texas A&M University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Irwin, Debra E
- Venue
- Health and Quality of Life Outcomes
- Published
- 2009-01-23
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-3
- ISSN
- 1477-7525 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2642767
- OpenAlex
- W2165452399
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 20
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 22 · 2021: 25 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 21 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 10
- FWCI
- 15.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Health and Quality of Life Outcomes (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- OakTrust (Texas A&M University Libraries) (submittedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- UNC Libraries
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (U01AR052181)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Keywords
- cognitive interviewing, PROMIS, patient-reported outcomes, children and adolescents, item comprehension, item wording, physical function, emotional well-being, social health, fatigue, pain, asthma symptoms
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Cognition, Female, Health Status, Humans, Information Systems, Interviews as Topic, Male, Pediatrics, Outcome Assessment, Health Care, Databases as Topic
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