Relationship amongst teratozoospermia, seminal oxidative stress and male infertility
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Spermatozoa morphology is an important and complex characteristic of the fertilization capacity of male germ cells. Morphological abnormalities have been observed to be accompanied by reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction and further damage to spermatozoa, ultimately leading to infertility. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the relationship between seminal ROS production and sperm morphology in infertile teratozoospermic patients as well as in healthy men of proven and unproven fertility. METHODS: Semen samples were collected from 79 patients classified as teratozoospermic and 56 healthy donors (control). Standard semen analysis was performed and spermatozoa morphology was assessed according to the WHO 2010 guidelines. Seminal ROS was measured by chemiluminescence assay. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated, and sensitivity, specificity, cutoff value and area under curve (AUC) were determined. RESULTS: Sperm morphology was significantly poor in the Teratozoospermic Group compared with the 3 Donor Groups (P < 0.05). Significantly higher levels of ROS (RLU/sec/10⁶ sperm) were seen in the Teratozoospermic group (145.4 (41.5; 555.4) compared to the Donor Groups: All Donors (64.8 (21.1; 198.2), Proven Donors (58.8 (14.2; 79.2) and Proven Donors < 2 years (58.8 (14.2; 79.2) (P < 0.05). ROS correlated negatively with sperm concentration in the All Donor group (r = -0.354; P = 0.021) as well as in the Teratozospermic group (r -0.356; P = 0.002). Using ROC analysis, we established the cutoff values for concentration, morphology and ROS. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of teratozoospermia may be directly related to the overproduction of seminal ROS. Therefore, besides sperm concentration and motility, spermatozoa morphology should receive an equally important consideration in the overall assessment of male fertility.
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Some studies have shown a correlation between sperm morphological defects and nuclear genetic defects, apoptotic alterations, and reactive oxidative stress, which may negatively impact fertility potential.
“Some studies have shown a correlation between sperm morphological defects and nuclear genetic defects, apoptotic alterations, and reactive oxidative stress, which may negatively impact fertility potential (13-15).”
From Isolated teratozoospermia: revisiting its relevance in male infertility: a narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
The Background (page unavailable) links abnormal sperm morphology with DNA fragmentation and reactive oxygen species overproduction, and the Discussion relates abnormal morphology to reduced fertilization and pregnancy rates. Our copy does not establish a correlation between morphological defects and apoptotic alterations, so that part of the claim is unsupported. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAbnormal sperm morphology in general has shown a correlation with changes in genetic materials, increased rate of apoptosis, overproduction of oxidative stress, and a decrease in antioxidant activities.
“While some morphological defects are associated with specific functional deficiencies, such as those with tail defects that result in abnormal motility, abnormal sperm morphology, in general, has shown a correlation with changes in genetic materials, increased rate of apoptosis, overproduction of oxidative stress as well as a decrease in antioxidant activities (13-15).”
From Isolated teratozoospermia: revisiting its relevance in male infertility: a narrative review (2024) · cites this paper as [15]
The Background (page not provided) links abnormal sperm morphology to DNA fragmentation and ROS overproduction. The copy does not establish a correlation with increased apoptosis or decreased antioxidant activity; the Conclusions instead propose further study of seminal antioxidant status. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Agarwal, A., Tvrda, E., & Sharma, R.
- Affiliations
- Cleveland Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Agarwal, Ashok
- Venue
- Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology
- Published
- 2014
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45
- ISSN
- 1477-7827 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4049374
- OpenAlex
- W2129147752
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 17 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 5
- FWCI
- 20.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Sperm and Testicular Function
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Reproductive Health and Technologies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Keywords
- teratozoospermia, seminal oxidative stress, reactive oxygen species, male infertility, sperm morphology, sperm concentration, sperm motility, semen analysis, chemiluminescence, cut-off values
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Fertility, Humans, Infertility, Male, Male, Ohio, ROC Curve, Semen, Sensitivity and Specificity, Spermatozoa, Tissue Donors, Biomarkers, Up-Regulation, Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Stress, Cell Shape, Semen Analysis, Young Adult
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