Increased performance uncertainty in children with ADHD?-Elevated post-imperative negative variation (PINV) over the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the influences of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) on response evaluation, as reflected by the postimperative negative variation (PINV), a slow event-related potential. METHODS: We investigated PINV as an indicator of performance uncertainty in an audio-visual contingent negative variation (CNV) paradigm with an interstimulus interval of 3 seconds. A constant, unilateral, quick motor reaction with either the right or the left thumb was required after an auditory forewarned (S1) visual imperative stimulus (S2). We examined 18 ADHD patients (combined or hyperactive-impulsive subtype) aged between 8 and 14 years and an age-, sex and IQ-matched control group of 19 healthy subjects using 64-channel high-density EEG. A first run was recorded drug-free, a second one under methylphenidate (MPH) medication in the ADHD group. RESULTS: We found a significantly increased negativity of the PINV-component over the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex in ADHD children compared to the healthy control group. PINV amplitude was influenced by movement side, most likely due to the slightly more difficult task when left hand responses were required. After the intake of MPH, PINV amplitudes of ADHD children normalized. CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that children with ADHD are likely to be more uncertain about the correctness of their performance and interpret the increased PINV as a hint towards compensatory mechanisms for a deficit in the evaluation of contingencies. Further studies are needed to assess the exact extent to which remainders of eye-movement related potentials contribute to PINV amplitude despite the correction for eye-artifacts.
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These findings may suggest complex audio-visual dysfunctions associated with ADHD.
“These findings may suggest complex audio-visual dysfunctions associated with ADHD [68–70].”
From The brain anatomy of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in young adults—a magnetic resonance imaging study (2017) · cites this paper as [70]
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- Authors
- Werner, J., Weisbrod, M., Resch, F., Roessner, V., & Bender, S.
- Affiliations
- Heidelberg University (DE)
- Technische Universität Dresden (DE)
- Goethe University Frankfurt (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Bender, Stephan
- Venue
- Behavioral and Brain Functions
- Published
- 2011-08-25
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 38-38
- ISSN
- 1744-9081 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3173292
- OpenAlex
- W2164789451
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2014: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 0.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Behavioral and Brain Functions (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- heiDOK (Heidelberg University) (acceptedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, performance uncertainty, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, contingent negative variation, treatment response assessment, methylphenidate, children, eye movement artifacts
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Adolescent, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Contingent Negative Variation, Evoked Potentials, Female, Humans, Male, Photic Stimulation, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Prefrontal Cortex, Uncertainty
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