Cited by 282Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesNeurotransmitter Receptor Influence on BehaviorFree Will and Agency

Drug-induced stimulation and suppression of action monitoring in healthy volunteers

de Bruijn, Ellen R. A., Hulstijn, Wouter, Verkes, Robbert J., Ruigt, Gé S. F., Sabbe, Bernard G. C.·2004·Psychopharmacology

Abstract

Rationale Action monitoring has been studied extensively by means of measuring the error-related negativity (ERN). The ERN is an event-related potential (ERP) elicited immediately after an erroneous response and is thought to originate in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). Although the ACC has a central role in the brain, only a few studies have been performed to investigate directly the effects of drugs on action monitoring. A recent theory argues that the mesencephalic dopamine system carries an error signal to the ACC, where it generates the ERN.Methods ERPs and behavioral measurements were obtained from 12 healthy volunteers performing an Eriksen Flankers task. On each of the 4 test days, the stimulant D-amphetamine, the sedative lorazepam, the antidepressant mirtazapine, or a placebo was orally administered in a double-blind, four-way crossover design.Results The indirect dopamine agonist amphetamine led to a strong enlargement of ERN amplitudes without affecting reaction times. Lorazepam and mirtazapine both showed slowing of responses, but only lorazepam led to reduced ERN amplitudes.Conclusions Administration of amphetamine leads to stimulated action monitoring, reflected in increased ERN amplitudes. This result provides evidence for dopaminergic involvement in action monitoring and is in line with differences in ERN amplitude found in neuropsychiatric disorders also suggesting dopaminergic involvement. The different effects for lorazepam and mirtazapine are probably caused by the neurobiological characteristics of these two types of sedation. Action monitoring is suppressed after administration of lorazepam, because the GABAergic pathways directly inhibit ACC functioning, whereas the histaminergic pathways of mirtazapine do not innervate the ACC directly.

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Crossref · 10.1007/s00213-004-1915-6

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Authors
de Bruijn, E. R. A., Hulstijn, W., Verkes, R. J., Ruigt, G. S. F., & Sabbe, B. G. C.
Affiliations
  • Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
  • Organon (Netherlands) (NL)
Venue
Psychopharmacology
Published
2004-05-15
Volume
177
Issue
1-2
Pages
151-160
ISSN
  • 0033-3158 (ISSN-L)
  • 1432-2072
OpenAlex
W2116254744
Cited by
282
References
49
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 14
FWCI
8.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Psychopharmacology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Free Will and Agency
Keywords
action monitoring, error-related negativity, anterior cingulate cortex, dopamine, amphetamine, lorazepam, mirtazapine, flanker task, response inhibition, GABAergic inhibition, stimulants, sedatives
MeSH terms
Mirtazapine, Adult, Cerebral Cortex, Dextroamphetamine, Double-Blind Method, Evoked Potentials, Female, Gyrus Cinguli, Humans, Lorazepam, Male, Mianserin, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Cross-Over Studies

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