Experiences of family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer during the transition from hospital to home palliative care: a qualitative study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The transition of family caregivers of patients with end-of-Life cancer receiving palliative care from hospital to home is a complex and challenging process. This phase of care involves not only the physical and psychological health of the patient but also the role adaptation and emotional support of the family caregivers. To gain a deeper understanding of the various experiences and feelings during this process, we conducted a qualitative study. METHODS: This study employed a descriptive phenomenological research method. The interviews focused on the specific experiences, challenges faced, support received, and coping strategies of family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer during the transition from hospital to home palliative care. All data were treated with strict confidentiality, and recordings and transcriptions were made with the participants' consent. RESULTS: A total of 15 family caregivers participated. Four main themes and nine sub-themes were identified: complex transition process (anxiety about uncertainty, resistance to transition), discontinuity in care (insufficient discharge guidance, lack of continuous communication mechanisms), post-discharge continuous care needs (need for home care knowledge and skills, social and emotional support, grief counselling and death education), and personal growth and gains (enhanced coping ability, increased psychological resilience). CONCLUSION: Family caregivers face numerous emotional, cognitive, practical, and social support challenges during the transition from hospital to home care. To improve the caregiving experience and quality of life, appropriate training and support should be provided to better meet the caregivers' needs.
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Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This qualitative study explored family caregivers’ experiences during the transition from hospital to home palliative care for patients with end-of-life cancer in China. It identified four themes—complex transition process, discontinuity in care, post-discharge continuous care needs, and personal growth and gains—among 15 caregivers.
Key findings
- Fifteen family caregivers participated, and thematic analysis identified 4 main themes and 9 sub-themes: complex transition process, discontinuity in care, post-discharge continuous care needs, and personal growth and gains.
- Caregivers described anxiety about uncertainty and resistance to transition, including fear of managing emergencies at home and reluctance to accept impending death.
- Care discontinuity included insufficient discharge guidance and lack of continuous communication mechanisms; caregivers wanted personalized discharge plans and ongoing contact with professionals.
- Post-discharge needs included home care knowledge and skills, social and emotional support, and grief counselling and death education; some also reported enhanced coping ability and increased psychological resilience.
Methods
- Descriptive phenomenological design using in-depth, semi-structured, face-to-face interviews conducted between December 2023 and March 2024 at a tertiary cancer hospital in China.
- Purposive sampling recruited 15 family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients who had experienced or were experiencing the transition from hospital to home palliative care; interviews lasted 20–35 min and continued until information saturation.
- Data were transcribed within 24 h, anonymized as N1–N15, and analyzed using Colaizzi’s method with NVivo11.0; triangulation, independent coding, and expert team discussion were used for quality control.
Limitations
- The paper states it was conducted in a single healthcare institution, limiting information on coordination and cooperation between different institutions.
- The paper states that 15 family caregivers were not sufficient to fully capture all caregivers’ experiences and feelings.
- The paper states that varied definitions and understandings of “transition” may have led to interpretive biases; evident from the text, recruitment was from one tertiary cancer hospital in China, which may further limit transferability.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
18 of 30 cited sources checked · 5 supported · 1 flagged · accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2
The transition of family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer from hospital to home palliative care is a complex and challenging process.
“However, the transition between care environments can be a significant burden for family caregivers, especially for those managing complex illnesses at the end of life. These caregivers face a series of new challenges and adaptation processes [9, 10].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [9] Rocío L, Rojas EA, González MC, Carreño S, Diana C, Gómez O. Experiences of patient-family caregiver dyads in palliative care during hospital-to-home transition process. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2017;23(7):332–9. source
- cites [10] Dionne-Odom JN, Lyons KD, Akyar I, Bakitas MA. Coaching Family caregivers to become Better Problem solvers when caring for persons with Advanced Cancer. J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care. 2016;12(1–2):63–81. source
The Overview of Advanced Cancer Family Caregivers (page unavailable) describes demanding tasks and burdens for caregivers near the end of life. The section on adapting problem-solving therapy says caregivers take on more day-to-day tasks as illness progresses. Neither passage addresses a transition from hospital to home palliative care or attributes new challenges specifically to that change in care setting. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2
The transition between care environments can be a significant burden for family caregivers, especially for those managing complex illnesses at the end of life.
“However, the transition between care environments can be a significant burden for family caregivers, especially for those managing complex illnesses at the end of life. These caregivers face a series of new challenges and adaptation processes [9, 10].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 2 sources checked- cites [9] Rocío L, Rojas EA, González MC, Carreño S, Diana C, Gómez O. Experiences of patient-family caregiver dyads in palliative care during hospital-to-home transition process. Int J Palliat Nurs. 2017;23(7):332–9. source
- cites [10] Dionne-Odom JN, Lyons KD, Akyar I, Bakitas MA. Coaching Family caregivers to become Better Problem solvers when caring for persons with Advanced Cancer. J Soc Work End Life Palliat Care. 2016;12(1–2):63–81. source
The Overview of Advanced Cancer Family Caregivers (page not provided) says that caregiving near the end of life involves burdensome tasks, including transportation and care coordination. It does not identify transitions between care environments as a source of that burden. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2
Patients receiving palliative care frequently experience multiple transitions between hospital and home.
“Patients receiving palliative care frequently experience multiple transitions between hospital and home [15, 16].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim2 of 2 sources checked- cites [15] Guo P, Pinto C, Edwards B, et al. Experiences of transitioning between settings of care from the perspectives of patients with advanced illness receiving specialist palliative care and their family caregivers: a qualitative interview study. Palliat Med. 2022;36(1):124–34. source
The Background describes transitions among hospital, home and other palliative care settings. The Discussion reports repeated home–hospital trajectories, but only for an Italian subgroup of cancer decedents who had at least three transitions; it does not establish that patients receiving palliative care generally experience multiple hospital–home transitions frequently. Page numbers are not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured - cites [16] Van den Block L, Pivodic L, Pardon K, et al. Transitions between health care settings in the final three months of life in four EU countries. Eur J Public Health. 2015;25:569–75. source
The ‘Transitions between health care settings’ section reports that 55–60% of patients who died non-suddenly moved between care settings at least once in their final three months, and ‘Final transitions to place of death’ identifies home-to-hospital as the most common final transition. But the study does not establish that patients receiving palliative care frequently made multiple moves between hospital and home: it did not define its population by receipt of palliative care, and only 5–12% had three or more transitions of any kind. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2
Support for family caregivers during the transition period is relatively scarce.
“Recent studies have shown that support for family caregivers during the transition period is relatively scarce [19].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [19] Tietbohl CK, Dafoe A, Jordan SR, et al. Palliative Care across settings: perspectives from Inpatient, Primary Care, and Home Health Care providers and Staff. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2023;40(12):1371–8. source
The Introduction (page not provided) says few studies have identified ways to address unmet palliative-care needs among older home-health-care patients and their family caregivers. The section on identifying palliative-care needs reports that poor communication makes patient and caregiver needs difficult to detect across settings. Neither passage establishes that support actually available to family caregivers during transitions is relatively scarce. (LLM, conf=0.82)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 6
Caregivers in home palliative care often desire more training and guidance on home care.
“Studies have found that caregivers in home palliative care often desire more training and guidance on home care [30]”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [30] Nysaeter TM, Olsson C, Sandsdalen T, Hov R, Larsson M. Family caregivers’ preferences for support when caring for a family member with cancer in late palliative phase who wish to die at home - a grounded theory study. BMC Palliat Care. 2024;23(1):15. source
- Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7
Collaboratively designing and implementing interventions for palliative care patients during the transition period can effectively improve the experiences of patients and family caregivers.
“McCoy et al. demonstrated that collaboratively designing and implementing interventions for palliative care patients during the transition period can effectively improve the experiences of patients and family caregivers [35].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [35] McCoy M, Shorting T, Mysore VK, et al. Advancing the Care experience for patients receiving palliative care as they transition from hospital to Home (ACEPATH): codesigning an intervention to improve patient and family caregiver experiences. Health Expect. 2024;27(2):e14002. source
The Results describe codesign workshops with patients and caregivers that produced four intervention prototypes. But the Discussion’s “Next steps” section says implementation testing will occur later; this paper does not demonstrate that an implemented intervention improved patient or caregiver experiences. (LLM, conf=0.92)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
- Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7
Mutual support and encouragement between caregivers and patients can help caregivers better adapt to their caregiving roles.
“Additionally, the mutual support and encouragement between caregivers and patients can help caregivers better adapt to their caregiving roles [41].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [41] McCauley R, Ryan K, McQuillan R, Foley G. Mutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care: a qualitative study. Palliat Med. 2023;37(10):1520–8. source
- Findingown data§ Lack of discharge plans · p. 5
The absence of a detailed discharge plan was one of the primary challenges during the transition period.
“The absence of a detailed discharge plan is one of the primary challenges during the transition period.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Theme 1: Complex transition process Sub-theme 1: Anxiety about uncertainty · p. 4
Family caregivers experienced anxiety about uncertainty during the transition from hospital to home.
“Family caregivers experienced emotional fluctuations during the transition of patients from the stable environment of the hospital to the uncertainties of the home setting.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Abstract · p. 1
Family caregivers experienced personal growth and gains, including enhanced coping ability and increased psychological resilience.
“personal growth and gains (enhanced coping ability, increased psychological resilience)”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
“Thematic analysis identified four main themes and nine subthemes: (1) complex transition process, (2) discontinuity in care, (3) post-discharge continuous care needs, (4) personal growth and gains.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
- Findingown data§ Abstract · p. 1
Family caregivers had post-discharge continuous care needs: need for home care knowledge and skills, social and emotional support, grief counselling and death education.
“post-discharge continuous care needs (need for home care knowledge and skills, social and emotional support, grief counselling and death education)”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
“Thematic analysis identified four main themes and nine subthemes: (1) complex transition process, (2) discontinuity in care, (3) post-discharge continuous care needs, (4) personal growth and gains.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
- Findingown data§ Caregivers' inadequate preparation for discharge care · p. 5
Family caregivers transitioning from hospital to home palliative care often faced challenges due to lack of effective care guidance and access to professional information and knowledge about home care.
“Family caregivers transitioning from hospital to home palliative care often face challenges due to the lack of effective care guidance and access to professional information and knowledge about home care.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Abstract · p. 1
A total of 15 family caregivers participated in the study.
“A total of 15 family caregivers participated.”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
“A total of 15 family caregivers participated in the study, achieving a 100% interview completion rate.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
- Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 6
During the transition period, family caregivers often experience emotional fluctuations and psychological stress, feeling anxious, uneasy, and sorrowful.
“The findings of this study reveal that during the transition period, family caregivers often experience emotional fluctuations and psychological stress, feeling anxious, uneasy, and sorrowful”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7
This study clearly demonstrates the positive impact of caregiving on caregivers' personalities.
“This study corroborates these observations, clearly demonstrating the positive impact of caregiving on caregivers' personalities.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Conclusion · p. 7
This particular phase (transition from hospital to home palliative care) is filled with challenges and stress for family caregivers.
“The findings reveal that this particular phase is filled with challenges and stress for family caregivers.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7
Family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients employ various coping strategies during the caregiving process, such as active coping and seeking support.
“The study reveals that family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients employ various coping strategies during the caregiving process, such as active coping and seeking support.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingnone given§ Sub-theme 6: Social and emotional support · p. 5
Family caregivers generally expressed a desire for increased social support, such as volunteer services and neighbourhood assistance, to alleviate their burden and enhance their coping abilities.
“Family caregivers generally expressed a desire for increased social support, such as volunteer services and neighbourhood assistance, to alleviate their burden and enhance their coping abilities.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7
Our study identified several challenges in interdisciplinary collaboration, such as poor information communication and insufficient discharge guidance.
“However, our study identified several challenges in interdisciplinary collaboration, such as poor information communication and insufficient discharge guidance.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Findingown data§ Theme 4: Personal growth and gains Sub-theme 8: Enhanced coping ability · p. 6
Participants reported experiencing a deep sense of satisfaction and accomplishment when their caregiving efforts were recognised as important by others.
“Participants reported experiencing a deep sense of satisfaction and accomplishment when their caregiving efforts were recognised as important by others.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Findingown data§ Symptom management · p. 5
Two participants mentioned their need for techniques to manage the patient's symptoms, such as dealing with vomiting and constipation.
“Two participants mentioned their need for techniques to manage the patient's symptoms, such as dealing with vomiting and constipation.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationown data§ Abstract · p. 1
Family caregivers face numerous emotional, cognitive, practical, and social support challenges during the transition from hospital to home care.
“Family caregivers face numerous emotional, cognitive, practical, and social support challenges during the transition from hospital to home care.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim - Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2
Family caregivers experience significant psychological stress during the transition period, including anxiety, depression, helplessness, and grief.
“Research by Morey et al. [18] indicates that family caregivers experience significant psychological stress during this period, including anxiety, depression, helplessness, and grief.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [18] Morey T, Scott M, Saunders S, et al. Transitioning from hospital to Palliative Care at Home: patient and caregiver perceptions of continuity of Care. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2021;62(2):233–41. source
- Study design and conductreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7
The study was conducted in a single healthcare institution, which limits the ability to provide information on coordination and cooperation between different institutions.
“Firstly, it was conducted in a single healthcare institution, which limits the ability to provide information on coordination and cooperation between different institutions.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7
Patients with end-of-life cancer, their family caregivers, and healthcare professionals often perceive a lack of coordination and continuity in care during discharge or transition periods.
“Patients with end-of-life cancer, their family caregivers, and healthcare professionals often perceive a lack of coordination and continuity in care during discharge or transition periods [34].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [34] den Herder M, Hasselaar J, Payne S, Varey S, Schwabe S, Radbruch L, Van Beek K, Menten J, Busa C, Csikos A, et al. How continuity of care is experienced within the context of integrated palliative care: a qualitative study with patients and family caregivers in five European countries. Palliat Med. 2017;31:946–55. source
- Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7
Communication and information transfer across care settings are critical for promoting continuity of care.
“Research highlights that communication and information transfer across care settings are critical for promoting continuity of care [37].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [37] Bucknall TK, Hutchinson AM, Botti M, et al. Engaging patients and families in communication across transitions of care: an integrative review. Patient Educ Couns. 2020;103(6):1104–17. source
- Interpretationreasoning§ Theme 4: Personal growth and gains Sub-theme 8: Enhanced coping ability · p. 6
This recognition enhanced their ability to cope with various caregiving challenges.
“This recognition enhanced their ability to cope with various caregiving challenges.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim - Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7
Through interaction and caregiving, family caregivers may discover their potential and capabilities, leading to greater appreciation and recognition of themselves.
“Through interaction and caregiving, family caregivers may discover their potential and capabilities, leading to greater appreciation and recognition of themselves.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim
- Classified as probably not a substantial claim. 28
- May combine two claims. 22
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2On average, patients transition between care environments 2.9 times in the last six months of life.
“Wang et al. reported that, on average, patients transition between care environments 2.9 times in the last six months of life [17].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [17] Wang SY, Aldridge MD, Gross CP, et al. Transitions between Healthcare Settings of Hospice Enrollees at the end of life. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2016;64(2):314–22. source
The Results section (page unavailable) reports a mean of 2.3 transitions, not 2.9, among hospice decedents who had at least one transition after enrollment. Only 10.2% of the study sample had such a transition, so that mean does not describe patients overall. (LLM, conf=0.90)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2Approximately 53.64% of cancer patients reportedly prefer home care services during the end-of-life stage.
“Approximately 53.64% of cancer patients reportedly prefer home care services during the end-of-life stage, making home-based palliative care an essential component of end-of-life care for cancer patients [7].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [7] Guo J, Dai Y, Gong Y, Xu X, Chen Y. Exploring the telehealth readiness and its related factors among palliative care specialist nurses: a cross-sectional study in China. BMC Palliat Care. 2023;22(1):82. source
The Background says that a majority of people nearing the end of life in China prefer palliative care at home. It does not give the figure 53.64% or identify that group specifically as cancer patients; a search for the figure found no matching passage. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 6Employing nurse-led ENABLE model to guide patients and caregivers problem-solving, coping, decision-making, advance care planning, symptom management, self-care, and communication reduces the burden on family caregivers.
“Employing nurse-led ENABLE model to gudie patients and caregivers problem-solving, coping, decision-making, advance care planning, symptom management, self-care, and communication, in turn reduce the burden on family caregivers [31, 32].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim2 of 2 sources checked- cites [31] Yang GM, Dionne-Odom JN, Foo YH, et al. Adapting ENABLE for patients with advanced cancer and their family caregivers in Singapore: a qualitative formative evaluation. BMC Palliat Care. 2021;20(1):86. source
- cites [32] Bakitas MA, Dionne-Odom JN, Ejem DB, et al. Effect of an early Palliative Care Telehealth intervention vs Usual Care on patients with Heart failure: the ENABLE CHF-PC Randomized Clinical Trial. JAMA Intern Med. 2020;180(9):1203–13. source
The introduction (page unavailable) describes ENABLE CHF-PC as nurse-led and says it teaches patients and family caregivers problem-solving, symptom and self-care management, communication, and care decision-making. It says caregiver intervention outcomes were reported separately; this paper does not establish the claimed reduction in family caregiver burden. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 6Providing psychological counselling services, support groups, and community resources is crucial.
“Research indicates that providing psychological counselling services, support groups, and community resources is crucial [29].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [29] Fernandes JB, Domingos J, Castro C, et al. Needs and expectations of family caregivers of cancer patients in palliative care: a study protocol. Front Psychol. 2023;13:1071711. source
The Introduction (page unavailable) says psychological care for palliative-care patients and their family caregivers can provide comfort and minimize suffering. It does not identify counselling services, support groups, or community resources as a crucial package; the focus groups described in Methods are for research data collection, not caregiver support. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Classified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2Ensuring smooth transitions between care environments is crucial to reducing the physiological and psychological stress caused by environmental changes and providing continuous, consistent, and high-quality palliative care.
“In this context, ensuring smooth transitions between care environments is crucial to reducing the physiological and psychological stress caused by environmental changes, and providing continuous, consistent, and high-quality palliative care [21].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [21] Mertens F, Sercu M, Derycke A, et al. Patients’ experiences of transfers between care settings in palliative care: an interview study. Ann Palliat Med. 2022;11(9):2830–43. source
The Introduction and Comparison with existing literature sections link transfers to fragmented care, disrupted continuity, poor care quality, and patients feeling unsafe. The Implications for practice and policy section calls for coordinated, high-quality care across settings. The paper does not establish that environmental changes cause physiological and psychological stress or that smoother transitions reduce that stress. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable), S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Enhancing communication and collaboration between different healthcare institutions and family caregivers can optimise information transfer and team cooperation, thereby improving the continuity and quality of care.
“Enhancing communication and collaboration between different healthcare institutions and family caregivers can optimise information transfer and team cooperation, thereby improving the continuity and quality of care [38].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [38] Ullrich A, Goldbach S, Hollburg W, et al. Specialist palliative care until the very end of life - reports of family caregivers and the multiprofessional team. BMC Palliat Care. 2023;22(1):153. source
The Discussion and Conclusion (pages unavailable) encourage close communication between specialist palliative care teams and family caregivers to better address patients’ needs in their last days. The paper does not address collaboration between different healthcare institutions or show that improved information transfer and team cooperation improve continuity of care. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 6Family caregivers require emotional support and psychological comfort during the transition period.
“and thus require emotional support and psychological comfort [28].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [28] Özdemir F, Doğan S, Timuçin Atayoğlu A. Psychosocial problems of family caregivers of palliative care patients and their spiritual coping styles. Perspect Psychiatr Care. 2020;56(3):636–41. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 6End-of-life patients and their family caregivers face multifaceted challenges during this transition period.
“End-of-life patients and their family caregivers face multifaceted challenges during this transition period [15].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [15] Guo P, Pinto C, Edwards B, et al. Experiences of transitioning between settings of care from the perspectives of patients with advanced illness receiving specialist palliative care and their family caregivers: a qualitative interview study. Palliat Med. 2022;36(1):124–34. source
Classified as probably not a substantial claim.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to ensure continuous and consistent care, necessitating close cooperation among medical teams, family caregivers, and community resources to develop personalised care plans.
“The study found that interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to ensure continuous and consistent care, necessitating close cooperation among medical teams, family caregivers, and community resources to develop personalised care plans [36].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim1 of 1 sources checked- cites [36] Lundereng ED, Dihle A, Steindal SA. Nurses’ experiences and perspectives on collaborative discharge planning when patients receiving palliative care for cancer are discharged home from hospitals. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29:3382–91. source
The Findings (§4) and Conclusion (§6) support the importance of collaboration and communication between hospital and home-care nurses when planning discharge for patients receiving palliative cancer care. The study does not establish the broader claim that medical teams, family caregivers, and community resources must work together to develop personalised care plans; its findings focus on collaboration between nurses in the two care settings. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Abstract · p. 1There was discontinuity in care, including insufficient discharge guidance and lack of continuous communication mechanisms.
“discontinuity in care (insufficient discharge guidance, lack of continuous communication mechanisms)”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
“Thematic analysis identified four main themes and nine subthemes: (1) complex transition process, (2) discontinuity in care, (3) post-discharge continuous care needs, (4) personal growth and gains.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Abstract · p. 1Family caregivers experienced a complex transition process, characterized by anxiety about uncertainty and resistance to transition.
“complex transition process (anxiety about uncertainty, resistance to transition)”
- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
“Thematic analysis identified four main themes and nine subthemes: (1) complex transition process, (2) discontinuity in care, (3) post-discharge continuous care needs, (4) personal growth and gains.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim- Also stated in: § Results · p. 4 · plain
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S4 (based). The quote only partly states this claim.
Findingnone given§ Sub-theme 3:Insufficient discharge guidance · p. 5Hospitals failed to provide comprehensive home palliative care instructions upon patient discharge, including specific recommendations on symptom management, medication use, and nutritional support.
“Hospitals may fail to provide comprehensive home palliative care instructions upon patient discharge, including specific recommendations on symptom management, medication use, and nutritional support.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Sub-theme 2: Resistance to transition · p. 5Family caregivers resisted the transition due to fear of facing the patient's impending death, and some preferred extended hospital care to delay the inevitable outcome.
“Family caregivers may resist the transition due to their fear of facing the patient's impending death. They may prefer the patient to receive extended hospital care to delay the inevitable outcome.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimClassified as probably not a substantial claim. May combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Sub-theme 5: Need for home care knowledge and skills · p. 5Family caregivers need to possess not only professional medical knowledge but also a range of home care skills to meet the diverse needs of patients.
“Family caregivers need to possess not only professional medical knowledge but also a range of home care skills to meet the diverse needs of patients.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Economic support · p. 6Participants indicated that economic considerations were a factor in choosing palliative care, and they hoped for government and societal support to alleviate financial burdens.
“Participants indicated that economic considerations were a factor in choosing palliative care, and they hoped for government and societal support to alleviate financial burdens.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Desire for volunteer and social worker support . · p. 5The demanding caregiving responsibilities place significant psychological stress on family caregivers, who seek social support to provide them with opportunities for respite.
“The demanding caregiving responsibilities place significant psychological stress on family caregivers, who seek social support to provide them with opportunities for respite.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Discussion · p. 7Participants in this study frequently faced substantial psychological burdens during the transition to a new care environment, primarily due to the lack of continuity in care.
“This finding aligns with our study results, where participants frequently faced substantial psychological burdens during the transition to a new care environment, primarily due to the lack of continuity in care.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Sub-theme 9: Increased psychological resilience · p. 6The prolonged caregiving experience not only changed family caregivers' perspectives on life and death, enhancing their respect and appreciation for life, but also made them more resilient and confident through enduring hardships and challenges.
“The prolonged caregiving experience not only changed family caregivers' perspectives on life and death, enhancing their respect and appreciation for life, but also made them more resilient and confident through enduring hardships and challenges.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Wound care · p. 5Participants expressed a lack of information regarding wound care for the patient and sought guidance on how to dress wounds and change dressings.
“Participants expressed a lack of information regarding wound care for the patient and sought guidance on how to dress wounds and change dressings.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingnone given§ Emotional support · p. 6In order to care for the patient, family caregivers may need to reduce their social activities and spend extended periods in a confined environment.
“In order to care for the patient, family caregivers may need to reduce their social activities and spend extended periods in a confined environment.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Findingown data§ Sub-theme 4: Lack of continuous communication mechanisms · p. 5Family caregivers may struggle to maintain effective and ongoing communication with the hospital or professional healthcare providers, hindering their ability to seek timely professional help when problems arise.
“Family caregivers may struggle to maintain effective and ongoing communication with the hospital or professional healthcare providers, hindering their ability to seek timely professional help when problems arise.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductcitation§ Formation of the research team · p. 3The study followed the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR).
“The study followed the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR) [23].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [23] O’Brien BC, Harris IB, Beckman TJ, Reed DA, Cook DA. Standards for reporting qualitative research: a synthesis of recommendations. Acad Med. 2014;89(9):1245–51. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ethical considerations · p. 3The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (Ethics Approval No.: 2024048-03).
“This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, affiliated with Nanjing University Medical School (Ethics Approval No.: 2024048-03).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ethics approval and consent to participate · p. 8This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Gulou Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine (Ethics Approval No. 2024-048-03).
“This study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Gulou Hospital, Nanjing University School of Medicine (Ethics Approval No. 2024-048-03).”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Quality control · p. 4An interdisciplinary expert team was invited to discuss the research findings to establish the final themes.
“Finally, an interdisciplinary expert team was invited to discuss the research findings to establish the final themes.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Data analysis · p. 3The researchers regularly documented self-reflections, identifying and addressing potential biases.
“Throughout this process, the researchers regularly documented self-reflections, identifying and addressing potential biases.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ethics approval and consent to participate · p. 8Our research adhered strictly to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki.
“Our research adhered strictly to the ethical principles outlined in the Declaration of Helsinki, ensuring compliance with all pertinent guidelines and regulations.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Discussion · p. 7The sample size of 15 family caregivers is not sufficient to fully capture the experiences and feelings of all family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients.
“Secondly, although 15 family caregivers were interviewed, this sample size is not sufficient to fully capture the experiences and feelings of all family caregivers of end-of-life cancer patients.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ethics approval and consent to participate · p. 8All individuals involved in the study provided their informed consent prior to participation.
“Prior to their participation, all individuals involved in the study provided their informed consent.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Family caregivers generally believe that through the process of caring for their loved ones, they not only achieve personal growth but also become more optimistic and confident, thereby deepening their understanding of self-worth.
“Family caregivers generally believe that through the process of caring for their loved ones, they not only achieve personal growth but also become more optimistic and confident, thereby deepening their understanding of self-worth [40].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [40] Teo I, Paramasivam K, Chee WY, Ng C, Neo PSH, Lee GL. Deathbed experiences and meaning-making: perspectives of family caregivers of patients who received cancer palliative care. Palliat Support Care. 2024;22(3):444–50. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Data analysis · p. 3To ensure credibility, the team held regular meetings to discuss and refine the data analysis.
“To ensure the credibility of the research, the team held regular meetings to discuss and refine the data analysis.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Background · p. 2Effective transitional care can alleviate caregivers' anxiety and stress during care environment changes and lay a solid foundation for successful home palliative care.
“Research indicates that effective transitional care can alleviate caregivers' anxiety and stress during care environment changes and lay a solid foundation for successful home palliative care [22].”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [22] Marston C, Morgan DD, Philip J, Agar M. Supporting carers as patients move between Hospital and Home: a systematic review of interventions to support these transitions in Care. J Palliat Med. 2023;26(2):270–98. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Interpretationown data§ Sub-theme 7: Grief counseling and death education · p. 6Grief counseling and death education is a critical service for family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer.
“Grief counseling and death education is a critical service for family caregivers of patients with end-of-life cancer, some caregivers said:”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Continuity of care helps caregivers better understand the pace and focus of care, minimising unnecessary interventions and conflicts, improving care efficiency, and enhancing caregiver capabilities.
“but also helps caregivers better understand the pace and focus of care, minimising unnecessary interventions and conflicts, improving care efficiency, and enhancing caregiver capabilities [18].”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [18] Morey T, Scott M, Saunders S, et al. Transitioning from hospital to Palliative Care at Home: patient and caregiver perceptions of continuity of Care. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2021;62(2):233–41. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone given§ Data collection · p. 3Data collection continued until information saturation was achieved, with no new themes or information emerging during the interviews.
“Data collection continued until information saturation was achieved, with no new themes or information emerging during the interviews.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing), S4 (based).
Study design and conductnone given§ Discussion · p. 7The varied definitions and understandings of the concept of 'transition' may have led to interpretive biases in participants' descriptions and explanations.
“Thirdly, the varied definitions and understandings of the concept of 'transition' may have led to interpretive biases in participants' descriptions and explanations.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationreasoning§ Discussion · p. 7These strategies help family caregivers better manage the challenges of caregiving and improve their quality of life.
“These strategies help family caregivers better manage the challenges of caregiving and improve their quality of life.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimMay combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Continuity of care enhances patient satisfaction and reduces hospitalisation rates.
“Continuity of care is crucial in transitional palliative care, as it not only enhances patient satisfaction and reduces hospitalisation rates [33]”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [33] Hamar B, Rula EY, Wells AR, Coberley C, Pope JE, Varga D. Impact of a scalable care transitions program for readmission avoidance. Am J Manag Care. 2016;22(1):28–34.
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductnone given§ Ethical considerations · p. 3Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study.
“Informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to their involvement in the study.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing). May combine two claims.
Study design and conductnone given§ Quality control · p. 4Interviews were conducted by a primary interviewer who asked questions and made observations, while a second researcher monitored the interviewer for neutrality.
“Interviews were conducted by a primary interviewer who asked questions and made observations, while a second researcher monitored the interviewer for neutrality.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S2 (checkable). May combine two claims.
Premisecitation§ Discussion · p. 7Establishing effective communication mechanisms and collaborative relationships is important.
“Dillen et al. [39] emphasise the importance of establishing effective communication mechanisms and collaborative relationships.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [39] Dillen K, Joshi M, Krumm N, et al. Availability as key determinant in the palliative home care setting from the patients’ and family caregivers’ perspectives: a quantitative-qualitative-content analysis approach. Palliat Support Care. 2021;19(5):570–9. source
Probably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductown data§ Quality control · p. 4Data analysis was independently performed by the primary interviewer and another researcher.
“Data analysis was independently performed by the primary interviewer and another researcher, who, after verifying the accuracy of the transcriptions, repeated the analysis process to refine the research themes and independently coded the themes.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claimMay combine two claims.
Interpretationreasoning§ Emotional support · p. 6This reduction in social interaction can lead to feelings of loneliness and helplessness, creating emotional needs.
“This reduction in social interaction can lead to feelings of loneliness and helplessness, creating emotional needs.”
Quote in the paperSubstantial claimProbably not a substantial claim: may not pass S3 (load-bearing).
Study design and conductcitation§ Quality control · p. 4The study employed triangulation by selecting participants with diverse characteristics to ensure sample diversity.
“The study employed the 'triangulation' method [26], considering the general information of the interviewees during sampling and selecting participants with diverse characteristics to ensure sample diversity.”
Quote in the paperNot a substantial claim0 of 1 sources checked- cites [26] Carter N, Bryant-Lukosius D, DiCenso A, Blythe J, Neville AJ. The use of triangulation in qualitative research. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2014;41(5):545–7. source
The paper relies on this without support.
There is a lack of studies focusing on the challenges, confusions, and coping strategies of family caregivers during the transition from hospital to home care.
“Despite the increasing research on cancer patient care, there remains a lack of studies focusing on the challenges, confusions, and coping strategies of family caregivers during the transition from hospital to home care.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The gap in studies affects the quality and efficiency of family caregiving and may indirectly impact the quality of life and psychological state of patients.
“This gap not only affects the quality and efficiency of family caregiving but may also indirectly impact the quality of life and psychological state of patients.”
The paper relies on this without support.
The transition from hospital to home means that family caregivers must take on more caregiving responsibilities.
“The transition from hospital to home means that family caregivers must take on more caregiving responsibilities.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Caregivers bear significant caregiving burdens and psychological stress during transitions, and these burdens can be exacerbated by a lack of continuity in care.
“Research shows that caregivers bear significant caregiving burdens and psychological stress during transitions, and these burdens can be exacerbated by a lack of continuity in care.”
The paper relies on this without support.
Family caregivers need to maintain close communication with the medical team to ensure continuous support for the patient.
“Family caregivers need to maintain close communication with the medical team to ensure continuous support for the patient.”
Cites
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“According to data from the International Agency for Research on Cancer, there were 20 million new cancer cases and 9.7 million cancer deaths world-wide in 2022 [1].”
MethodInfluentialStandards for Reporting Qualitative Research: A Synthesis of Recommendations
O’Brien, B. C., Harris, I. B., Beckman, T. J., Reed, D. A., & Cook, D. A. (2014) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000388 · Cited by 12,211 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The study followed the standards for reporting qualitative research (SRQR) [23].”
MethodThe Use of Triangulation in Qualitative Research
Carter, N., Bryant-Lukosius, D., DiCenso, A., Blythe, J., & Neville, A. J. (2014) · Oncology Nursing Forum · doi:10.1188/14.onf.545-547 · Cited by 3,915 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The study employed the “triangulation” method [26], considering the general information of the interview-ees during sampling and selecting participants with diverse characteristics to ensure sample diversity.”
MethodWirihana, L., Welch, A., Williamson, M. J., Christensen, M., Bakon, S., & Craft, J. A. (2018) · Nurse Researcher · doi:10.7748/nr.2018.e1516 · Cited by 296 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The transcripts were anonymised and archived as N1–N15, and analysed using Colaizzi’s method [25].”
MethodBakitas, M. A., Dionne-Odom, J. N., Ejem, D. B., Wells, R., Azuero, A., Stockdill, M. L., Keebler, K., Sockwell, E., Tims, S., Engler, S., et al. (2020) · JAMA Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.2861 · Cited by 170 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Employing nurse-led ENABLE model to gudie patients and caregivers problem-solving, coping, decision-making, advance care planning, symptom management, self-care, and communication, in turn reduce the burden on family caregivers [31, 32].”
MethodRole insufficiency and role supplementation: a conceptual framework.
Meleis, A. I. (1975) · PubMed · Cited by 142 · see citing works
den Herder-van der Eerden, M., Hasselaar, J., Payne, S., Varey, S., Schwabe, S., Radbruch, L., Van Beek, K., Menten, J., Busa, C., Csikos, A., et al. (2017) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/0269216317697898 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
ROLE INSUFFICIENCY AND ROLE SUPPLEMENTATION
Meleis, A. I. (1975) · Nursing Research · doi:10.1097/00006199-197507000-00004 · Cited by 108 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Meleis and colleagues in the United States have developed transition theory [11], which is widely applied to continuity of care, transitional care, and discharge planning services [12, 13].”
BackgroundTransitions between health care settings in the final three months of life in four EU countries
Van den Block, L., Pivodic, L., Pardon, K., Donker, G., Miccinesi, G., Moreels, S., Vega Alonso, T., Deliens, L., & Onwuteaka-Philipsen, B. (2015) · The European Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/eurpub/ckv039 · Cited by 74 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Patients receiving palliative care frequently experience multiple transitions between hospital and home [15, 16].”
BackgroundMorey, T., Scott, M., Saunders, S., Varenbut, J., Howard, M., Tanuseputro, P., Webber, C., Killackey, T., Wentlandt, K., Zimmermann, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.12.019 · Cited by 63 · cited 2× · see citing works
“…palliative care, as it not only enhances patient satisfaction and reduces hospitalisation rates [33] but also helps care-givers better understand the pace and focus of care, minimising unnecessary interventions and conflicts, improving care efficiency, and enhancing caregiver capabilities [18].”
BackgroundTransitions Between Healthcare Settings of Hospice Enrollees at the End of Life
Wang, S., Aldridge, M. D., Gross, C. P., Canavan, M., Cherlin, E., Johnson‐Hurzeler, R., & Bradley, E. (2016) · Journal of the American Geriatrics Society · doi:10.1111/jgs.13939 · Cited by 60 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Wang et al. reported that, on average, patients transition between care environments 2.9 times in the last six months of life [17].”
BackgroundInfluentialNysaeter, T. M., Olsson, C., Sandsdalen, T., Hov, R., & Larsson, M. (2024) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-024-01350-5 · Cited by 60 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Studies have found that caregivers in home palliative care often desire more training and guidance on home care [30], which aligns with the results of this study.”
ResultEngaging patients and families in communication across transitions of care: An integrative review
Bucknall, T. K., Hutchinson, A. M., Botti, M., McTier, L., Rawson, H., Hitch, D., Hewitt, N., Digby, R., Fossum, M., McMurray, A., et al. (2020) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2020.01.017 · Cited by 54 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research highlights that communication and information transfer across care settings are critical for promoting continuity of care [37].”
BackgroundHospice and Palliative Care: Development and Challenges in China
Wu, Y., Li, L., Su, H., Yao, X., & Ma, W. (2016) · Clinical journal of oncology nursing · doi:10.1188/16.cjon.e16-e19 · Cited by 40 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The goal is to offer holistic support, addressing the physical, psychological, and spiritual needs of patients and their families, while also providing humanistic care [3, 4].”
BackgroundAdvancements in hospice and palliative care in China: A five-year review
Lu, Y., Yu, W., Zhang, J., et al. (2024) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apjon.2024.100385 · Cited by 38 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In China, approximately 7.5 million people require palliative care annually, with patients with end-of-life cancer accounting for about one-third of this population [5, 6].”
BackgroundInfluentialGuo, P., Pinto, C., Edwards, B., Pask, S., Firth, A., O’Brien, S., & Murtagh, F. E. (2022) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163211043371 · Cited by 37 · cited 2× · see citing works
“End-of-life patients and their family caregivers face multifaceted challenges during this transition period [15].”
BackgroundHospice and Palliative Care in Mainland China: History, Current Status and Challenges
Xiaohong, N., & 中国医学科学院北京协和医学院北京协和医院老年医学科, 北. (2018) · 中国医学科学杂志：英文版 · doi:10.24920/003524 · Cited by 35 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The goal is to offer holistic support, addressing the physical, psychological, and spiritual needs of patients and their families, while also providing humanistic care [3, 4].”
BackgroundLundereng, E. D., Dihle, A., & Steindal, S. A. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Nursing · doi:10.1111/jocn.15371 · Cited by 30 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The study found that interdisciplinary collaboration is essential to ensure continuous and consistent care, necessitating close cooperation among medical teams, family caregivers, and community resources to develop personalised care plans [36].”
BackgroundDionne-Odom, J. N., Lyons, K. D., Akyar, I., & Bakitas, M. A. (2016) · Journal of Social Work in End-of-Life & Palliative Care · doi:10.1080/15524256.2016.1156607 · Cited by 27 · cited 1× · see citing works
“These caregivers face a series of new challenges and adaptation processes [9, 10].”
BackgroundAlnajar, M. K., Darawad, M. W., Khater, W. A., Alshahwan, R., Mosleh, S. M., Nofal, B., & Abdalrahim, M. S. (2024) · American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® · doi:10.1177/10499091241235920 · Cited by 27 · cited 1× · see citing works
“With the evolution of medical paradigms and the increasing emphasis on dignity and end-of-life care, palliative care has garnered widespread attention and recognition as a novel medical service model globally [2].”
BackgroundRocío, L., Rojas, E. A., González, M. C., Carreño, S., Diana, C., & Gómez, O. (2017) · International Journal of Palliative Nursing · doi:10.12968/ijpn.2017.23.7.332 · Cited by 24 · cited 1× · see citing works
“These caregivers face a series of new challenges and adaptation processes [9, 10].”
BackgroundKoçak, N., Şenel, G., Oguz, G. T., Karaca, Ş., & Gökse, F. (2022) · Indian Journal of Cancer · doi:10.4103/ijc.ijc_671_19 · Cited by 24 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research indicates that approximately 46% of family caregivers report a decline in their own physical health, often neglecting their own well-being [27].”
BackgroundÖzdemir, F., Doğan, S., & Timuçin Atayoğlu, A. (2020) · Perspectives in Psychiatric Care · doi:10.1111/ppc.12479 · Cited by 20 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The findings of this study reveal that during the transition period, family caregivers often experience emotional fluctuations and psychological stress, feeling anxious, uneasy, and sorrowful, and thus require emotional support and psychological comfort [28].”
BackgroundPatients’ experiences of transfers between care settings in palliative care: an interview study
Mertens, F., Sercu, M., Derycke, A., Naert, L., Deliens, L., Deveugele, M., & Pype, P. (2022) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-22-146 · Cited by 18 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In this context, ensuring smooth transitions between care environments is crucial to reducing the physiological and psychological stress caused by environmental changes, and providing continuous, consistent, and high-quality palliative care [21].”
BackgroundYang, G. M., Dionne-Odom, J. N., Foo, Y. H., Chung, A. H. M., Kamal, N. H. A., Tan, L., Yu, C. C., Khanh, L. M., Koh, A. R. X., Teo, I., et al. (2021) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-021-00799-y · Cited by 16 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Employing nurse-led ENABLE model to gudie patients and caregivers problem-solving, coping, decision-making, advance care planning, symptom management, self-care, and communication, in turn reduce the burden on family caregivers [31, 32].”
Method(2016) · PubMed · Cited by 15 · see citing works
The Complexity of the NICU-to-Home Experience for Adolescent Mothers
Orr, E., Ballantyne, M., González, A., & Jack, S. M. (2020) · Advances in Nursing Science · doi:10.1097/ans.0000000000000299 · Cited by 15 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Meleis and colleagues in the United States have developed transition theory [11], which is widely applied to continuity of care, transitional care, and discharge planning services [12, 13].”
BackgroundChen, J., Jianhui, C. H. E. N., Yuan, W. A. N. G., et al. (2024) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0304325 · Cited by 14 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Meleis and colleagues in the United States have developed transition theory [11], which is widely applied to continuity of care, transitional care, and discharge planning services [12, 13].”
BackgroundNeeds and expectations of family caregivers of cancer patients in palliative care: A study protocol
Fernandes, J. B., Domingos, J., Castro, C., Simões, A., Fernandes, S., Almeida, A. S., Bernardes, C., Miranda, L., Risso, S., Ferreira, R., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1071711 · Cited by 13 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research indicates that providing psychological counselling services, support groups, and community resources is crucial [29].”
BackgroundMutual support between patients and family caregivers in palliative care: A qualitative study
McCauley, R., Ryan, K., McQuillan, R., & Foley, G. (2023) · Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1177/02692163231205130 · Cited by 13 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Additionally, the mutual support and encouragement between care-givers and patients can help caregivers better adapt to their caregiving roles [41].”
BackgroundMcCoy, M., Shorting, T., Mysore, V. K., Fitzgibbon, E., Rice, J., Savigny, M., Weiss, M., Vincent, D., Hagarty, M., MacLeod, K. K., et al. (2024) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.14002 · Cited by 12 · cited 1× · see citing works
“McCoy et al. demonstrated that collaboratively designing and implementing interventions for palliative care patients during the transition period can effectively improve the experiences of patients and family caregivers [35].”
BackgroundDillen, K., Joshi, M., Krumm, N., Hesse, M., Brunsch, H., Schmidt, H., Strupp, J., Radbruch, L., Rolke, R., & Voltz, R. (2021) · Palliative and Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s147895152000125x · Cited by 11 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Dil-len et al. [39] emphasise the importance of establishing effective communication mechanisms and collaborative relationships.”
BackgroundLi, X., Wang, X. S., Huang, H., et al. (2023) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-023-01259-5 · Cited by 10 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In China, approximately 7.5 million people require palliative care annually, with patients with end-of-life cancer accounting for about one-third of this population [5, 6].”
BackgroundInfluentialTietbohl, C. K., Dafoe, A., Jordan, S. R., Huebschmann, A. G., Lum, H. D., Bowles, K. H., & Jones, C. D. (2023) · American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® · doi:10.1177/10499091231163156 · Cited by 9 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Recent studies have shown that support for family caregivers during the transition period is relatively scarce [19].”
BackgroundGuo, J., Dai, Y., Gong, Y., Xu, X., & Chen, Y. (2023) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-023-01209-1 · Cited by 9 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Approximately 53.64% of cancer patients reportedly prefer home care services during the end-of-life stage, making home-based palliative care an essential component of end-of-life care for cancer patients [7].”
BackgroundInfluentialMertens, F., Vanderstichelen, S., Deveugele, M. I., Deliëns, L., & Pype, P. F. (2023) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-23-20 · Cited by 9 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The interview script was developed based on relevant literature [24] and discussions with an expert team in the fields of oncology nursing and palliative care.”
MethodMarston, C., Morgan, D. D., Philip, J., & Agar, M. (2023) · Journal of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.1089/jpm.2022.0221 · Cited by 8 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Research indicates that effective transitional care can alleviate caregivers’ anxiety and stress during care environment changes and lay a solid foundation for successful home palliative care [22].”
BackgroundTeo, I., Paramasivam, K., Chee, W. Y., Ng, C., Neo, P. S. H., & Lee, G. L. (2024) · Palliative and Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951523001670 · Cited by 7 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Family caregivers generally believe that through the process of caring for their loved ones, they not only achieve personal growth but also become more optimistic and confident, thereby deepening their understanding of self-worth [40].”
BackgroundTransfer and transitioning between palliative care settings
Salifu, Y., & Bayuo, J. (2022) · Annals of Palliative Medicine · doi:10.21037/apm-22-1057 · Cited by 6 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Transitional palliative care refers to the support provided to patients as they move from hospitals or other healthcare institutions to home or long-term care facilities, ensuring a smooth transition between different environments [14].”
BackgroundUllrich, A., Goldbach, S., Hollburg, W., Wagener, B., Rommel, A., Müller, M., Kirsch, D., Kopplin-Foertsch, K., Schulz, H., Bokemeyer, C., et al. (2023) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-023-01266-6 · Cited by 4 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Enhancing communication and collaboration between different healthcare institutions and family caregivers can optimise information transfer and team cooperation, thereby improving the continuity and quality of care [38].”
BackgroundMcCoy, M., Shorting, T., Mysore, V. K., Fitzgibbon, E., Rice, J., Savigny, M., Ernecoff, N. C., Weiss, M., Bush, S. H., Vincent, D., et al. (2025) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.70331 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Li, X., Wang, X. S., Huang, H., et al. (2023) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2586440/v1
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From Hospital to Home: Health Professionals’ Experiences Regarding the Needs of Palliative Patients
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How Does Home-Based Palliative Care Impact Informal Carers? A Scoping Review
Challis, L., Ellershaw, J., Hughes, D., & Mason, S. (2025) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.07.029 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
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“45,46 Access to counseling, group support, and community resources is crucial for improving conditions in home care.”
Identifying palliative home care needs of patients with advanced cancer: a cross-sectional study
Liu, X., Liu, H., Ying, W., Zhang, Y., Gong, X., & Huang, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1448973 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Li, S., Lu, G.-J., Shen, Y., et al. (2025) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-025-01732-3 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“This indicates that family members feel pressured to provide care, even though most patients would prefer to spend their final days at home [26, 27, 28].”
Li, Y., Shi, S., Lu, Y., et al. (2026) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-026-02001-7 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
“…have enriched our understanding of the topic, most studies conducted so far have focused on the microscopic level, such as the physical and mental burden, emotional experiences, and individual cognition of caregivers, while paying insufficient attention to social and cultural dimensions [18, 19].”
Family perceptions of the transition from hospital to home palliative care: a phenomenological study
Cruz, S., Magalhães, B. M. B. D. S., & Fernandes, C. S. (2025) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-025-10069-9 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ghorbani, A., Salami, M., & Rajabi, M. M. (2025) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-025-01731-4 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ruiz, S., Stafström, M., Parham, L. A., & Orellana, L. R. (2025) · Palliative Care and Social Practice · doi:10.1177/26323524251316897 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Han, H. S., & Kim, M. Y. (2025) · The Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care · doi:10.14475/jhpc.2025.28.2.40 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Studies on end-of-life care for patients with cancer in countries other than Korea during the pandemic have shown a decline in institutionalized deaths [15,16].”
InfluentialWu, Y., Tian, Z., Deng, C., Yan, J., Huang, K., Wang, Z., Zhou, X., Liu, H., Cai, S., Zheng, R., et al. (2025) · Asia-Pacific Journal of Oncology Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.apjon.2025.100793 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“However, as Xu et al. noted, 53 recalling the child ’ s illness could evoke emotional distress, influenced by both cultural and individual factors.”
Budak, S., Karacan, Y., & Arslan, V. (2025) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-025-01979-w · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Midlöv, E. M., Sterner, T., Porter, S. V., Lindberg, T., & Forss, K. S. (2026) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-026-02021-3 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Budak, S., Karacan, Y., Bacak, İ., et al. (2026) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-026-02046-8 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Tang, J., Liu, X., Feng, M., Shi, A., Li, C., Peng, Y., Huang, Y. M., Li, J., Zhou, H., Wu, L., et al. (2026) · International Journal of Nursing Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2026.105408 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citationThe family caregiver experience in palliative care pathways: a multidimensional framework
Severino, M. C., Galli, C., & Rosis, S. D. (2026) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-026-14531-0 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
“Similarly, Xu et al. [67] emphasize the importance of structured guidance on symptom management, emotional coping strategies, and respite care options to sustain caregivers in their roles.”
Torres-Tenor, J. L. (2025) · Journal of Pain and Symptom Management · doi:10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2025.05.020
Lu, H. J., Xu, W.-J., Chen, Y., Zhu, L., Yang, Y., Hu, Y., Zhang, Y.-J., Cheng, Y., Yang, Y.-H., & Wu, R. (2025) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.110643
Liu, L., Xiao, A., Cui, X., Jiang, X., Zhou, L., Meng, Q., Cai, Z.-Y., Ma, Y., & Liao, R. (2025) · World Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.5498/wjp.v15.i10.108590
Septian, R. B., Pangastuti, H. S., & Nisman, W. A. (2025) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/08258597251407761
Sari, N. P. W. P., Mazenda, A., Putra, M. M., Prasetiani, A. G., Nguyen, M.-H., & Vuong, Q. (2025) · Discover Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12982-025-01254-6
“…(including clinical appointment, referrals, insurance, finansial aid, legal rights, respite care, support group, hospice service, family counseling, etc.), and physical needs (pain and symptom control, nutrition and dietary needs, physical activity/exercise, personal hygiene, toileting, etc.) [12].”
Skogeland, U., de Monestrol, I., & Godskesen, T. (2026) · International Journal of Qualitative Studies on Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1080/17482631.2026.2620417
“These patterns are consistent with findings by Xu et al. (2024) in families of patients with advanced cancer, where responses ranged from open dialogue to protective silence.”
Shih, H.-H., Lo, C.-Y., Lu, S.-H., Lin, P., & Lee, K. (2026) · Palliative & Supportive Care · doi:10.1017/s1478951525100424
“Moreover, consistent with findings from studies of caregivers of terminally ill patients (Xu et al. 2024), caregivers expressed greater confidence in handling similar situations in the future and began considering end-of-life preparations for themselves and their families.”
The needs of family caregivers of patients at the end-of-life stage: A scoping review
Zhe, H., Zhao, W., & Lai, X. (2026) · Nursing Outlook · doi:10.1016/j.outlook.2026.102690
The Experiences of Primary Caregivers of Children Receiving Palliative Care: A Qualitative Study
Zengi̇n, M., Yayan, E. H., & KENÇ, İ. (2026) · Journal of Hospice and Palliative Nursing · doi:10.1097/njh.0000000000001169
Introducing Palliative Care: Family Caregivers’ Knowledge, Exposure, and Preferred Messaging
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Escala Adopción del Rol en cuidadores de personas en cuidados paliativos: propiedades psicométricas
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Care burden and needs assessment tool for family caregivers of elderly palliative cancer patientsPreprint
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Self-citationÇavuşoğlu, E., Kilinç, E., Koçer, S., & TURGUT, Ö. (2026) · Journal of Palliative Care · doi:10.1177/08258597261445284
Zhang, W., Qian, Y., & Zhang, L. (2026) · BMC Nursing · doi:10.1186/s12912-026-04707-8
“Ultimately, these insights underscore the critical role of nurses in grief support and call for context-sensitive interventions to improve grief care in acute settings. often the first to encounter grieving families [16, 17].”
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Chen, Z., Li, Z., Yue, P., An, Y., Shen, Q., & Kan, Y. (2026) · BMC Palliative Care · doi:10.1186/s12904-026-02226-6
Critique of the Peaceful End-of-Life Theory Using Meleis’ 2012 Approach
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“…the transition from hospital to home care entails a substantial shift in responsibilities, requiring them to assume tasks typically performed by healthcare professionals, including medication preparation and administration, without the structured support available in clinical settings [7].”
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“Caregivers with low perceived social support may have fewer external resources to manage the cognitive demands of illness, which may be associated with greater vulnerability to poorer psychological adaptation when confronting uncertainty (Xu et al., 2024).”
Negotiating emotional and ethical tensions in hospital-based end-of-life cancer care
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Interprofessional Handover and Continuity of Care between Hospital and Community Palliative Services
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- Authors
- Xu, Y., Liu, Y., Kang, Y., Wang, D., Zhou, Y., Wu, L., & Yuan, L.
- Affiliations
- Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital (CN)
- Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Wu, Ligui
- Yuan, Ling
- Venue
- BMC Palliative Care
- Published
- 2024-09-27
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 230-230
- ISSN
- 1472-684X (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11438011
- OpenAlex
- W4402901703
- Semantic Scholar
- bd62d84cdc0df77ce95a8a87f4ab17657c9893d1
- Cited by
- 41
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 18
- FWCI
- 15.55
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Palliative Care (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Pharmacy › Nursing care and research
- Keywords
- family caregivers, end-of-life cancer, palliative care, hospital-to-home transition, discharge planning, caregiver experiences, emotional support, grief counseling, death education, coping strategies, psychological resilience, caregiver education
- MeSH terms
- Adaptation, Psychological, Adult, Aged, Female, Home Care Services, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neoplasms, Palliative Care, Social Support, Terminal Care, Caregivers, Qualitative Research
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