The DOI matches its Crossref record; 66 of the 70 references it cites were found in a registry or an index; none of the 70 sources its claims cite is checked for support yet.
Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
Background: For optimal health benefits, the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (aged 5–17 years) recommend an achievement of high levels of physical activity (≥60 min of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity), low levels of sedentary behaviour (≤2 h of recreational screen time), and sufficient sleep (9–11 h for children or 8–10 h for adolescents) each day. The objective of this systematic review was to examine how combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration relate to depressive symptoms and other mental health indicators among children and adolescents. Methods: Literature was obtained through searching Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus up to September 30, 2019. Peer-reviewed studies published in English or French were included if they met the following criteria: population (apparently healthy children and adolescents with a mean age of 5–17 years), intervention/exposure (combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration), and outcomes (depressive symptoms and other mental health indicators). A risk of bias assessment was completed for all included studies using the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework was used to assess the quality of evidence for each health indicator. Narrative syntheses were employed to describe the results due to high levels of heterogeneity across studies. Results: A total of 13 cross-sectional studies comprised in 10 papers met inclusion criteria. Data across studies involved 115,540 children and adolescents from 12 countries. Overall, the findings indicated favourable associations between meeting all 3 recommendations and better mental health indicators among children and adolescents when compared with meeting none of the recommendations. There was evidence of a dose-response gradient between an increasing number of recommendations met and better mental health indicators. Meeting the screen time and sleep duration recommendations appeared to be associated with more mental health benefits than meeting the physical activity recommendation. The quality of evidence reviewed was “very low” according to GRADE. Conclusions: The findings indicate favourable associations between meeting all 3 movement behaviour recommendations in the 24-h guidelines and better mental health indicators among children and adolescents. There is a clear need for high-quality studies that use robust measures of all movement behaviours and validated measures of mental health to increase our understanding in this topic area.
Overview
AI snapshot
Written from the paper’s full text.
TL;DR
This systematic review of 13 cross-sectional studies (10 papers; 115,540 children and adolescents from 12 countries) found that meeting all three Canadian 24-hour movement recommendations was associated with better mental health indicators, including lower odds of depressive symptoms, than meeting none. The quality of evidence was rated “very low” by GRADE, and the authors call for higher-quality longitudinal and experimental studies.
Key findings
- Across 3 studies of depressive symptoms (84,004 participants aged 6–20 years), meeting all 3 recommendations versus none was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms among male and female adolescents; among children aged 6–11 years, meeting screen time alone, screen time + sleep, or physical activity + sleep was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms than meeting none or all three guidelines.
- Across 10 studies of other mental health indicators (111,641 participants aged 6–20 years), all 10 found better outcomes when meeting all 3 recommendations versus none; 3/10 found screen time alone or screen time + sleep consistently associated with better cognitive function, impulsivity scores, and health-related quality of life, and 2/10 documented a dose-response gradient (3 > 2 > 1 > 0 recommendations met).
- Meeting prevalence ranged from 4.1–40.5% for physical activity, 8–48.2% for screen time, and 41.9–89.3% for sleep; meeting all three recommendations ranged from 2.6–17.1%. Depressive symptom prevalence examples were 42.7% in >59,000 US adolescents, 14.4% in nearly 4,000 UK adolescents, and 10.3% in >35,000 US children and adolescents.
- GRADE quality was “very low” for both depressive symptoms and other mental health indicators.
Methods
- Systematic review registered with PROSPERO (registration pending) and reported per PRISMA; searched Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and SportDiscus up to September 30, 2019, limited to English or French. Eligible studies included apparently healthy children and adolescents with mean age 5–17 years, reported all three movement behaviours, and assessed depressive symptoms or other mental health indicators.
- Included 13 cross-sectional studies from 10 papers; risk of bias was assessed using Cochrane Handbook methods, evidence quality was assessed with GRADE, and narrative synthesis was used because meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneity.
- Primary outcome was depressive symptoms; secondary outcomes included anxiety, social and emotional health, health-related quality of life, substance use, impulsivity, cognitive functions, life satisfaction, and prosocial behaviour.
Limitations
- Stated in the paper: GRADE quality was “very low” mainly because all included studies were cross-sectional and most used subjective measures of physical activity, recreational sedentary time, and sleep duration with no psychometric properties reported; many studies used single-item mental health measures; cross-sectional designs preclude temporality and causal inference; only English/French articles were included; meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneous data; and conclusions are limited by the small number of included studies and lack of longitudinal or intervention studies.
- Evident from the text: all included studies were cross-sectional, most movement behaviour measures were self- or parent-reported, and only one depressive-symptoms study used an objective physical activity measure and a validated depression instrument.
Model-written summary. Check it against the paper before relying on it.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Figures
Verification
Claims the paper makes
42 Not checked yet · 20 Own method · 13 Own result · 3 Own interpretation · 2 No basis given
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data across studies involved 115,540 children and adolescents from 12 countries.”
- Also stated in: § Description of studies · plain
“Data across studies involved 115,540 children and adolescents from 12 countries.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Abstract > Results
plainn = 115,540- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Description of studies · plain
In the paper
“Among adolescents, meeting all three guidelines was associated with lower odds of anxiety compared to meeting none of the recommendations”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Zhu X, Haegele JA, Healy S. Movement and mental health: Behavioral correlates of anxiety and depression among children of 6–17 years old in the U.S. Ment Health Phys Act. 2019;16:60–5. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Among children, meeting all three guidelines was associated with lower odds of anxiety compared to meeting the physical activity, and the screen time recommendations.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Zhu X, Haegele JA, Healy S. Movement and mental health: Behavioral correlates of anxiety and depression among children of 6–17 years old in the U.S. Ment Health Phys Act. 2019;16:60–5. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“2/10 studies used compositional data analyses and found that the composition of movement behaviours was associated with social and emotional health [34] and with HRQoL [35]”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [35] Dumuid D, Maher C, Lewis LK, Stanford TE, Fernández JAM, Ratcliffe J, et al. Human development index, children’s health-related quality of life and movement behaviors: a compositional data analysis. Qual Life Res. 2018;27(6):1473–82. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“1/1 study found that meeting all 3 recommendations was associated with better impulsivity scores compared with meeting none.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [36] Guerrero MD, Barnes JD, Walsh JJ, Chaput JP, Tremblay MS, Goldfield GS. 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Impulsivity. Pediatrics. 2019;144(3):e20190187. source
plaincorrelationalSingle case- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“10/10 studies found that meeting all 3 recommendations was associated with lower odds of mental outcomes among children and adolescents compared with meeting none.”
- Also stated in: § Discussion · hedged
“Collectively, the findings indicate favourable associations between meeting all 3 recommendations and better mental health indicators among children and adolescents when compared with meeting none of the recommendations.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- Also stated in: § Discussion · hedged
In the paper
“Meeting all 3 recommendations was also associated with greater odds of smoking cigarette among males”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] Knell G, Durand CP, Kohl HW 3rd, Wu IHC, Pettee GK. Prevalence and likelihood of meeting sleep, physical activity, and screen-time guidelines among US youth. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(4):387–9. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
The paper states this without a source or data behind it here, so there is nothing to check it against. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meeting the screen time and sleep duration recommendations appeared to be associated with more mental health benefits than meeting the physical activity recommendation.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Abstract > Results
hedgedcorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“3/3 studies found that participants achieving all 3 recommendations had preferable scores for the health outcomes compared with participants who did not meet the recommendations.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [33] Carson V, Chaput J-P, Janssen I, Tremblay MS. Health associations with meeting new 24-hour movement guidelines for Canadian children and youth. Prev Med. 2017;95:7–13. source
- Not checked yetcites [34] Carson V, Tremblay MS, Chaput J-P, Chastin SF. Associations between sleep duration, sedentary time, physical activity, and health indicators among Canadian children and youth using compositional analyses. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S294–302. source
- Not checked yetcites [37] Janssen I, Roberts KC, Thompson W. Is adherence to the Canadian 24-hour movement behaviour guidelines for children and youth associated with improved indicators of physical, mental, and social health? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2017;42(7):725–31. source
plaincorrelationaln = 3- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
In the paper
“Meeting all three recommendations was associated with significantly lower odds of depressive symptoms among adolescents than meeting none, one, or any combination of two recommendations among adolescents [39].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Depressive symptoms (primary outcome)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [39] Zhu X, Haegele JA, Healy S. Movement and mental health: Behavioral correlates of anxiety and depression among children of 6–17 years old in the U.S. Ment Health Phys Act. 2019;16:60–5. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
- It may state two separate claims as one. 26
- Probably not a substantial claim. 22
- The quote only partly states this claim. 1
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The prevalence of children and adolescents who met the physical activity recommendation in the included studies ranged from 4.1 to 40.5%, with the majority in the 33.3–40.5% bracket; those who met the screen time recommendation ranged from 8 to 48.2%, with the majority in the 36.5–48.2% bracket; and those who met the sleep duration recommendation ranged from 41.9 to 89.3%, with the majority in the”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“All studies were cross-sectional, and were published in 2016 or later, with participants’ age ranging from 6 to 20 years.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
plainn = 115,540- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“3/10 studies found that meeting the screen time recommendation alone, and both the screen time and sleep duration recommendations, were consistently associated with better cognitive functions, impulsivity scores and HRQoL [20, 36, 38].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [20] Walsh JJ, Barnes JD, Cameron JD, Goldfield GS, Chaput JP, Gunnell KE, et al. Associations between 24 hour movement behaviours and global cognition in US children: a cross-sectional observational study. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2018;2(11):783–91. source
- Not checked yetcites [36] Guerrero MD, Barnes JD, Walsh JJ, Chaput JP, Tremblay MS, Goldfield GS. 24-Hour Movement Behaviors and Impulsivity. Pediatrics. 2019;144(3):e20190187. source
- Not checked yetcites [38] Sampasa-Kanyinga H, Standage M, Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT, Hu G, Kuriyan R, et al. Associations between meeting combinations of 24-h movement guidelines and health-related quality of life in children from 12 countries. Public Health. 2017;153:16–24. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Depressive symptoms were reported in 3 studies [18, 19, 39], representing 3 unique datasets, and 84,004 individual participants with age ranging from 6 to 20 years (Table 2).”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Depressive symptoms (primary outcome)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] Knell G, Durand CP, Kohl HW 3rd, Wu IHC, Pettee GK. Prevalence and likelihood of meeting sleep, physical activity, and screen-time guidelines among US youth. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(4):387–9. source
- Not checked yetcites [19] Pearson N, Sherar LB, Hamer M. Prevalence and correlates of meeting sleep, screen-time, and physical activity guidelines among adolescents in the United Kingdom. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(10):993–4. source
- Not checked yetcites [39] Zhu X, Haegele JA, Healy S. Movement and mental health: Behavioral correlates of anxiety and depression among children of 6–17 years old in the U.S. Ment Health Phys Act. 2019;16:60–5. source
plainn = 84,004- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Of those, 3 reported on depressive symptoms [18, 19, 39], 3 on social and emotional health [33, 34, 37], 2 on health-related quality of life [35, 38], 1 on anxiety [39], 1 on substance use (including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and cannabis use) [18], 1 on impulsivity [36], 1 on cognitive functions [20], and 1 on life satisfaction and prosocial behaviour [37].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The proportion of children and adolescents who met any one recommendation in the included studies ranged from 34.9 to 51.1%, those who met any two recommendations ranged from 18.4 to 37.0%, and those who met all three recommendations ranged from 2.6 to 17.1%.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Overall, the prevalence of depressive symptoms was 42.7% (unweighted) in a sample of more than 59,000 adolescents in the United States [18], 14.4% in a sample of nearly 4000 adolescents in the United Kingdom [19], and 10.3% in a sample of more than 35,000 children and adolescents from the United States [39].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [18] Knell G, Durand CP, Kohl HW 3rd, Wu IHC, Pettee GK. Prevalence and likelihood of meeting sleep, physical activity, and screen-time guidelines among US youth. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(4):387–9. source
- Not checked yetcites [19] Pearson N, Sherar LB, Hamer M. Prevalence and correlates of meeting sleep, screen-time, and physical activity guidelines among adolescents in the United Kingdom. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(10):993–4. source
- Not checked yetcites [39] Zhu X, Haegele JA, Healy S. Movement and mental health: Behavioral correlates of anxiety and depression among children of 6–17 years old in the U.S. Ment Health Phys Act. 2019;16:60–5. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
A result the paper reports from its own data — it cites no other source for it, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“A total of 13 cross-sectional studies comprised in 10 papers met inclusion criteria.”
- Also stated in: § Description of studies · plain
“After titles and abstracts were screened, 28 full-text articles were obtained for further review and 10 articles met the inclusion criteria (7 unique samples).”
- Also stated in: § Description of studies · plain
“The 10 articles comprised 13 studies because some papers had more than one mental health outcome.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Abstract > Results
plainn = 7- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one. The quote only partly states this claim.
- Also stated in: § Description of studies · plain
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The electronic search strategy was created by a research librarian with expertise in systematic review.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Information sources and search strategy
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The systematic review by Saunders et al. [25] on the associations between different combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration with health indicators in children and adolescents is 5 years old and only included studies with objectively-measured physical activity.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Background
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [25] Saunders TJ, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Chaput J-P, Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, et al. Combinations of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep: relationships with health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S283–S93. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“A risk of bias assessment was completed for each outcome within each study using the methods described in the Cochrane Handbook [31].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Risk of bias and study quality assessment
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [31] Higgins J, Green S. Cochrane handbook for systematic reviews of interventions, version 5.1.0. The Cochrane Collaboration. 2010. http://www.cochrane-handbook.org. Accessed 21 Apr 2020.
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“One reviewer completed the data extraction electronically in Microsoft Excel. A second reviewer independently extracted data from eligible articles and entered this information into the extraction form. Forms were compared afterwards, and discrepancies were resolved by consensus.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Data extraction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“we assessed the risk of selection bias, performance bias, selective reporting bias, detection bias, attrition bias, and potential confounding [32].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Risk of bias and study quality assessment
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [32] Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist G, Kunz R, Brozek J, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence--study limitations (risk of bias). J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):407–15. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Results were extracted from the most fully adjusted models for studies that reported findings from multiple models.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Data extraction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
In the paper
“the Canadian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for Children and Youth (aged 5 to 17 years) have been released in 2016 and recommend ≥60 min/day of moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), ≤2 h/day of recreational screen time, and 9 to 11 h of sleep per day for 5- to 13-year-olds or 8 to 10 h of sleep per day for 14- to 17-year-olds to support healthy development [17].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Background
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [17] Tremblay MS, Carson V, Chaput JP, Connor Gorber S, Dinh T, Duggan M, et al. Canadian 24-hour movement guidelines for children and youth: an integration of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S311–27. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Achieving high levels of physical activity, low levels of sedentary behaviour, and getting sufficient sleep have been individually associated with better mental health among children and adolescents [12–14].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Background
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [12] Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, Carson V, Chaput J-P, Janssen I, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S197–239. source
- Not checked yetcites [13] Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Olds T, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S266–82. source
- Not checked yetcites [14] Carson V, Hunter S, Kuzik N, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Chaput J-P, et al. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S240–S65. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“research has shown that these three behaviours are codependent and should be considered simultaneously [15, 16].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Background
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [15] Pedišić Ž. Measurement issues and poor adjustments for physical activity and sleep undermine sedentary behaviour research—the focus should shift to the balance between sleep, sedentary behaviour, standing and activity. Kinesiology. 2014;46(1):135–46.
- Not checked yetcites [16] Chastin SFM, Palarea-Albaladejo J, Dontje ML, Skelton DA. Combined effects of time spent in physical activity, sedentary behaviors and sleep on obesity and cardio-metabolic health markers: a novel compositional data analysis approach. PLoS One. 2015;10(10):e0139984. source
plaincorrelational- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Reviewers were not blinded to the authors or journals when extracting data.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Data extraction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“The searches looked for journal articles reporting on sleep, sedentary time and physical activity using previously developed and validated searches [12–14, 30].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Information sources and search strategy
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [12] Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, Carson V, Chaput J-P, Janssen I, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S197–239. source
- Not checked yetcites [13] Chaput JP, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Carson V, Gruber R, Olds T, et al. Systematic review of the relationships between sleep duration and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6 Suppl 3):S266–82. source
- Not checked yetcites [14] Carson V, Hunter S, Kuzik N, Gray CE, Poitras VJ, Chaput J-P, et al. Systematic review of sedentary behaviour and health indicators in school-aged children and youth: an update. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016;41(6):S240–S65. source
- Not checked yetcites [30] Kuzik N, Poitras VJ, Tremblay MS, Lee EY, Hunter S, Carson V. Systematic review of the relationships between combinations of movement behaviours and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years). BMC Public Health. 2017;17(Suppl 5):849. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“At level 2, two independent reviewers performed full-text review of potentially eligible articles. Consensus was required for articles to be included; discrepancies between reviewers were resolved by discussion between them or with a third reviewer, if needed.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Study selection
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Titles and abstracts of potentially relevant articles were imported to Covidence (a secure, internet-based software; Evidence Partners, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada) where two reviewers screened them independently. Exclusion by both reviewers was required for a study to be excluded at level 1 (title and abstract) screening.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Study selection
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“This review was registered a priori with the International Prospective Register of Ongoing Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; submitted 25/11/2019, registration pending), and was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses [26].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Protocol and registration
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264–9 w64. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“The population, interventions, comparisons, outcomes, and study design (PICOS) framework [27] was followed to identify key study concepts in the research question a priori, and to facilitate the search process.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Eligibility criteria
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [27] Schardt C, Adams MB, Owens T, Keitz S, Fontelo P. Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions. BMC Med Inform Decis Mak. 2007;7:16 Epub 2007/06/19. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Data extraction forms were created by the study coordinators, reviewed by study collaborators, and pilot tested by all reviewers.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Data extraction
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“Following the GRADE protocol, the quality of evidence for the three studies examining the association between the 24-h movement guidelines and depressive symptoms began with a low-quality rating due to their observational design. Given that only one study used an objective measure of physical activity and a reliable and valid measure of depression in children [19], the quality of evidence was”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Depressive symptoms (primary outcome)
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [19] Pearson N, Sherar LB, Hamer M. Prevalence and correlates of meeting sleep, screen-time, and physical activity guidelines among adolescents in the United Kingdom. JAMA Pediatr. 2019;173(10):993–4. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“The quality of evidence assessment was evaluated by one reviewer and verified by the larger review team. Disagreements were resolved by discussion among the team members, if needed.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Risk of bias and study quality assessment
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, the quality of evidence was downgraded from “low” to “very low” because of a serious risk of bias (i.e., most studies used a subjective assessment of physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
plainn = 111,641- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Fourth, the present systematic review included only articles published in English or French.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion > Strengths and limitations
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
In the paper
“The overall quality of research evidence for mental health indicators was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) framework [32].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Risk of bias and study quality assessment
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [32] Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist G, Kunz R, Brozek J, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence--study limitations (risk of bias). J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):407–15. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Finally, the strength of our conclusions is limited by the small number of included studies and lack of longitudinal and intervention studies examining the associations between 24-h movement guidelines and mental health indicators in children and adolescents.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion > Strengths and limitations
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“First, it uses a comprehensive electronic search process that was created by an experienced research librarian, with the inclusion of a broad range of mental health indicators, comprising emotional, psychosocial, and cognitive health.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion > Strengths and limitations
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Risk of bias was assessed by one reviewer for all included articles, and then verified by another reviewer.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Risk of bias and study quality assessment
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it. It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Therefore, the quality of evidence was downgraded from “low” to “very low” because of a serious risk of bias (i.e., most studies used a subjective assessment of physical activity, screen time, and sleep duration with no psychometric properties reported)”
- Also stated in: § Strengths and limitations · hedged
“mainly because of the cross-sectional nature of all included studies, and the use of subjective measures for physical activity, recreational sedentary time, and sleep duration with no psychometric properties reported, raising concerns about possibility of risk of bias.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
- Also stated in: § Strengths and limitations · hedged
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Meta-analyses were planned if data were sufficiently homogenous with regards to methodological, statistical, and clinical characteristics. However, a meta-analysis was not possible due to heterogeneous data for the above characteristics. Therefore, a narrative synthesis was used to describe each health indicator.”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Materials and methods > Data synthesis
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
What the paper did — it cites no source for this, so there is none to check. The quote shows it is in the paper.
In the paper
“Likewise, the current review focussed on sedentary time, particularly total recreational screen time, and did not look at the time spent in specific types of sedentary behaviours (e.g., watching television, using social media, playing games, reading, eating, travelling in a car).”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: passes — The paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. It may state two separate claims as one.
None of the sources cited for this claim have been checked yet.
In the paper
“Second, the review used a rigorous methodology following the PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses [26] and GRADE framework [32].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion > Strengths and limitations
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [26] Moher D, Liberati A, Tetzlaff J, Altman DG. Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement. Ann Intern Med. 2009;151(4):264–9 w64. source
- Not checked yetcites [32] Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Vist G, Kunz R, Brozek J, Alonso-Coello P, et al. GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence--study limitations (risk of bias). J Clin Epidemiol. 2011;64(4):407–15. source
plain- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: unclear — It is unclear whether the paper’s conclusions depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
It may state two separate claims as one.
In the paper
“However, the possibility of reverse causation is not excluded, as excessive screen time may be a coping strategy for individuals who are already suffering from mental health problems [43].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Discussion
What the sources say
- Not checked yetcites [43] Domingues-Montanari S. Clinical and psychological effects of excessive screen time on children. J Paediatr Child Health. 2017;53(4):333–8. source
hedgedconditional- Asserted: passes — The authors put it forward as true.
- Checkable: passes — It can be checked against evidence.
- Load-bearing: fails — The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
- Based: passes — The paper gives a reason why it holds.
Probably not a substantial claim. The paper’s conclusions may not depend on it.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Sleep problems lead to a series of adverse outcomes, including decreased immune function, obesity, traffic accidents, substance abuse, depression, and suicidal tendency [1–3].”
From Adolescents’ short-form video addiction and sleep quality: the mediating role of social anxiety (2024) · cites this paper as [2]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
Each contradiction between two passages listed here was confirmed by an independent check.
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
“10.3% in a sample of more than 35,000 children and adolescents from the United States [39].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
“Zhu et al. [39]Cross-sectional | 2019 | United States | 6–17 | 20,708Logistic regression”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Other mental health indicators (secondary indicators)
“1/2 study found that meeting all three recommendations was associated with significantly better HRQoL than not meeting any of these guidelines [35].”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
“Children meeting the screen time recommendation, the screen time and sleep recommendation, and all three recommendations had significantly better HRQoL than children not meeting any of these guidelines.”
Rated minor: it would not touch a result — a value no result rests on, a p-value that stays on the same side of the significance level, or a conflict that is clerical, resolved elsewhere in the paper, or outside its own findings.
In the paper
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
“0.72 (0.04), 0.48 (0.03), 0.30 (0.04) and 0.08 (0.07) for emotional problems”
§ Combinations of physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep duration and their associations with depressive symptoms and other mental health problems in children and adolescents: a systematic review > Results > Description of studies
“− 0.37 (0.05), − 0.20 (0.05), − 0.02 (0.06) and 0.11 (0.09) for emotional problems.”
Citations
Cites
Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses: the PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & for the PRISMA Group (2009) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.b2535 · Cited by 83,823
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA Statement.
(2009) · PubMed Central · Cited by 44,859
Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement
Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & the PRISMA Group* (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-151-4-200908180-00135 · Cited by 37,554
Whiteford, H. A., Degenhardt, L., Rehm, J., Baxter, A. J., Ferrari, A. J., Erskine, H. E., Charlson, F. J., Norman, R. E., Flaxman, A. D., Johns, N., et al. (2013) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(13)61611-6 · Cited by 6,006
Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions Version 5.0.1. The Cochrane Collaboration
Higgins, J., Green, S. R., & Higgins, J. (2008) · Cited by 5,544
Sedentary Behavior Research Network (SBRN)—Terminology Consensus Project process and outcome
on behalf of SBRN Terminology Consensus Project Participants, Tremblay, M. S., Aubert, S., Barnes, J. D., Saunders, T. J., Carson, V., Latimer-Cheung, A. E., Chastin, S. F. M., Altenburg, T. M., & Chinapaw, M. J. M. (2017) · International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity · doi:10.1186/s12966-017-0525-8 · Cited by 3,793
Self-citationWhy do many psychiatric disorders emerge during adolescence?
Paus, T., Keshavan, M., & Giedd, J. N. (2008) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn2513 · Cited by 3,123
Utilization of the PICO framework to improve searching PubMed for clinical questions
Schardt, C., Adams, M. B., Owens, T., Keitz, S., & Fontelo, P. (2007) · BMC Medical Informatics and Decision Making · doi:10.1186/1472-6947-7-16 · Cited by 3,053
GRADE guidelines: 4. Rating the quality of evidence—study limitations (risk of bias)
Guyatt, G. H., Oxman, A. D., Vist, G., Kunz, R., Brozek, J., Alonso-Coello, P., Montori, V., Akl, E. A., Djulbegovic, B., & Falck-Ytter, Y. (2011) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.07.017 · Cited by 2,798
Thapar, A., Collishaw, S., Pine, D. S., & Thapar, A. K. (2012) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60871-4 · Cited by 2,365
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 201–300 of 431
Zhou, X., Ahmad, N. S., Khairani, A. Z., & Chen, Y. (2024) · Environment and Social Psychology · doi:10.54517/esp.v9i6.2509 · Cited by 4
“In recent years, an increasing number of studies have highlighted a positive association between adherence to 24-HMG and various health outcomes, including academic performance [22] , suicidality [23] , obesity [24] , superior global cognition [25] , and improved mental health status [26] .”
BackgroundHuang, C., Yang, Y., Lu, C., Qin, P., Jiang, W., Ma, J., & Guo, L. (2024) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-024-02712-3 · Cited by 5
“Our findings align with previous research that identified an associa - tion between sufficient PA, limited ST, and adequate SLP, which contribute to lower levels of negative emotions [48, 57].”
Rusillo-Magdaleno, A., Suárez-Manzano, S., García, J. E. M., & Ruiz‐Ariza, A. (2024) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v59.107358 · Cited by 10
Zhang, H., Sheng, J., Yue, X., Lou, H., Ban, X., Wu, W., Li, R., Gao, G., Wang, C., Lou, X., et al. (2024) · Child Care Health and Development · doi:10.1111/cch.13329 · Cited by 4
Associations between Physical Activity, Depression, Self-Esteem, and Suicide Ideation in Adolescents
An, D., Thuan, N. H. M., & Kim, Y. (2024) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.32604/ijmhp.2024.055568 · Cited by 6
Karaaslan, M. M., & Başaran, B. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17152534 · Cited by 5
“Emotional fluctuations can be reduced through regular physical activity [49–51], thereby reducing adolescents’ psychological eating preferences.”
Wang, K., & Fen, Q. (2025) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs15091236 · Cited by 6
“…Peng et al., 2025b), initiating a self-perpetuating cycle: physiologically, PA deficiency impairs dopaminergic function, exacerbating depressive symptomatology (Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020); psychologically, low mood further suppresses exercise motivation, engendering negative self-schemata.”
Sleep Hygiene and Related Interventions: Their Impact on Sleep
Loring, W. A., & Malow, B. A. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-99134-0_9 · Cited by 4
Arbués, E. R., Granada-López, J. M., Satústegui-Dordá, P. J., Echániz-Serrano, E., Sagarra‐Romero, L., & Antón‐Solanas, I. (2023) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.6746.3960 · Cited by 6
Faigenbaum, A. D., Rebullido, T. R., & Zaichkowsky, L. D. (2022) · ACSMʼs Health & Fitness Journal · doi:10.1249/fit.0000000000000765 · Cited by 4
“, poor diet, inadequate sleep, and excessive screen time) can interact and adversely influence perceptions of functioning across physical and psychosocial domains (21,28).”
BackgroundZhao, M., Zhang, Y., Wu, H., et al. (2023) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-2810152/v1 · Cited by 4
Meghji, K. A., Talpur, M., Khan, A., Fatima, H., Memon, U., & Monisha (2025) · Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences · doi:10.54393/pjhs.v6i3.2745 · Cited by 6
Pastor-Cisneros, R., Mendoza-Muñoz, M., Pereira-Payo, D., & López‐Gil, J. F. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22998-5 · Cited by 3
Richard, V., Lorthe, E., Dumont, R., Loizeau, A., Baysson, H., Zaballa, M.-E., Lamour, J., Barbe, R., Posfay-Barbe, K. M., Guessous, I., et al. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-10190-z · Cited by 2
Wang, H., Yin, H., Gao, C., Zhang, Y., & Gao, M. (2025) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000044427 · Cited by 3
“This finding resonates with the concept proposed by Biddle et al [6] and supported by Kanyinga et al [33] that PA could serve as a valuable, low-cost intervention to mitigate mental health disparities linked to socio-economic inequality.”
Sejín, J. R. R., Arango-Paternina, C. M., Flórez-Pregonero, A., & Villada, F. A. P. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22646-y · Cited by 3
“…date, some reviews have addressed the 24-HMB characteristics by examining lifetime prevalence of meeting the 24-HMB guidelines [12], the impact of COVID-19 on 24-HMB [21, 22], the use of questionnaires for its measurements [21], and associations with health outcomes such as mental health [23, 24].”
Feng, J., Yin, X., Shen, Y., Wang, Y., Jia, J., & Liu, Y. (2025) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-025-00961-3 · Cited by 6
Chen, L., Ke, W., Li, G., & Chen, J. (2026) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-026-46383-3 · Cited by 3
Exposure to maternal experiences of IPV in early childhood and sleep health in adolescence
Manley, L., & Nepomnyaschy, L. (2024) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2024.106803 · Cited by 3
Sabourin, C., Camiré, M., & Turgeon, S. (2024) · SAGE Open · doi:10.1177/21582440241254155 · Cited by 3
“Psychological distress is defined as a state of suffering that may lead to reversible and nonre-versible psychopathologies (e.g., chronic anxiety, depression) over time (Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020).”
Al-akshar, S., Ibrahim, S. T., & Katapally, T. R. (2024) · PLOS Digital Health · doi:10.1371/journal.pdig.0000448 · Cited by 4
Sex Differences in Sleep and Physical Activity Patterns in Autism Spectrum Disorder
Bricout, V., Covain, S., Paterno, J., & Guinot, M. (2024) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep6040049 · Cited by 3
Adolescent health behavior profiles and associations with mental health in a longitudinal study
Kidwell, K. M., Brock, R. L., Tomaso, C. C., Phillips, E. M., James, T. D., Yaroch, A. L., Hill, J. L., Nelson, J. M., Huang, T. T. ‐., Mason, W. A., et al. (2025) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/13591053251314328 · Cited by 3
“Existing developmental science research suggests that adolescent engagement in risky and poor health behaviors may increase the risk for poor mental health (Benton et al., 2021; Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020).”
Wang, B., Huang, N., Chen, C., Jiang, Q., Zhang, M., Hu, B., Zhu, S., & Guo, J. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.119668 · Cited by 4
Bai, D., Hashim, A. H. M., & Zheng, D. (2025) · Educational Psychology · doi:10.1080/01443410.2025.2519361 · Cited by 2
“Sampasa-Kanyinga et al. (2020) found a link between meeting all three movement behaviour criteria (high levels of PA, low levels of sedentary behaviour, and adequate sleep) in the 24-hour guidelines and improved mental health indicators in children and adolescents.”
Atoum, M., Al-Rawashdeh, S. Y., Al-Hawamdih, S., Atoum, H., Atoum, D., Atoum, S. A., & Almwajeh, A. (2022) · Electronic Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.29333/ejgm/12231 · Cited by 3
Fu, Y., Burns, R. D., Zhang, P., Dyer, S., & Constantino, N. L. (2022) · Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise · doi:10.1007/s42978-022-00190-0 · Cited by 3
“Previous work suggested that bullying victimization was associated with increasing multiple screen time behaviors among youth such as watching TV, playing video games, and using computers [16, 21, 48].”
BackgroundArbués, E. R., Granada-López, J. M., Satústegui-Dordá, P. J., Echániz-Serrano, E., Sagarra‐Romero, L., & Antón‐Solanas, I. (2023) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.6746.3959 · Cited by 8
“This relationship has already been reported in various populations(30) and may be sustained from a neurobiological point of view due to the activating effect of physical activity on the endocannabinoid system and the brain-derived neurotrophic factor(31).”
BackgroundSchaerz, S., Boyes, M., & Mohamed, A. (2023) · Journal of Electronic Gaming and Esports · doi:10.1123/jege.2023-0016 · Cited by 5
Yang, Y., Liu, J., & Dai, D. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1439451 · Cited by 3
McDermott, E., Eastham, R., Hughes, E., Pattison, E., Johnson, K., Davis, S., Pryjmachuk, S., Mateus, C., Jenzen, O., & McNulty, F. (2024) · Health and Social Care Delivery Research · doi:10.3310/kywa6382 · Cited by 5
Badiola, A., Ibañez, I., Fuentes, M., Yanci, J., Arruabarrena, O. U., & Iturricastillo, A. (2025) · Children · doi:10.3390/children12010100 · Cited by 4
Lien, A., Sampasa‐Kanyinga, H., Patte, K. A., Leatherdale, S. T., & Chaput, J. (2022) · Journal of Activity Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors · doi:10.1186/s44167-022-00004-2 · Cited by 4
“Healthy movement behaviours are also related to important predictors of positive mental health, with sleep playing a particularly important role [9].”
BackgroundResultSelf-citationSheng, J., Zhang, H., Song, Y., Lou, H., Wu, C., Hao, C., Li, R., Gao, G., Lou, X., & Wang, X. (2024) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/00099228241273420 · Cited by 2
Cepni, A. B., Walsh, D., Kim, H., Yoon, C. Y., Hughes, S. O., Ledoux, T. A., & Johnston, C. A. (2024) · Journal of Physical Activity and Health · doi:10.1123/jpah.2024-0243 · Cited by 2
Wang, N., Wang, Z., Liu, H., Wang, Y., Li, J., & Hong, X. (2025) · BMC Public Health · doi:10.1186/s12889-025-22864-4 · Cited by 3
“Previous studies have also pointed out the existence of dose-response characteristics similar to those of the pres-ent study in the relationship between adolescents’ 24-h activity behaviors and mental health, body fat percentage, and other health indicators [15, 49, 50].”
Lv, Y., & Lu, Y. (2025) · Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice · doi:10.1016/j.ctcp.2025.102005 · Cited by 3
Examining the relationship between physical activity and sleep among university students
Barka, N., Wang, F.-F., Járai, R., & Boros, S. (2025) · Frontiers in Sports and Active Living · doi:10.3389/fspor.2025.1640770 · Cited by 4
Nygaard, M. K., Andersen, S., Toftager, M., Rasmussen, M., Madsen, K. R., & Petersen, C. B. (2025) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100726 · Cited by 3
Physical performance tests and their predictive value in youth sports - a study protocol
Welsch, G., Keller, M., Kurz, E., et al. (2025) · German Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.5960/dzsm.2025.649 · Cited by 2
Multidisciplinary care of pediatric obesity and its impact on sleep: a review
Inja, R. R., & Cielo︎, C. M. (2026) · Frontiers in Sleep · doi:10.3389/frsle.2025.1634185 · Cited by 5
Impact of Outdoor Environmental Exposome on Depressive Symptoms Among Children Aged 9–14 in China
Wang, Y., Shi, D., Dang, J., Liu, J., Liu, Y. L., Chen, Z., Guo, J., Lian, X., Zhang, Y., Wang, X., et al. (2026) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5c10618 · Cited by 2
Xu, L., Yang, Y., Wang, S., & Lu, B. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04158-5 · Cited by 2
“Regular physical activity not only enhances emotional stability and self-efficacy but also reduces anxiety and depressive symptoms by improving sleep quality and promoting healthy social interactions [20, 24, 26].”
Wang, Y., Wu, C.-C., Lin, L., & Su, C.-H. (2026) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2026.1737783 · Cited by 4
“Qualitative information on relaxation, freedom, and a feeling of community in natural spaces (44) is analogous to experimental data showing that environmental exposure is associated with lower levels of physiological stress and cognitive fatigue (8, 9, 13).”
InfluentialMachado‐Rodrigues, A. M., Rodrigues, D., Gama, A., Nogueira, H. G. D. S. M., Mascarenhas, L. P. G., & Padez, C. M. P. (2021) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.23668 · Cited by 2
Santana, K. S., Fonseca, S. J., Queiroz, C., de Oliveira, A. J., Machado, S., & Neto, G. D. A. M. (2022) · Clinical Practice and Epidemiology in Mental Health · doi:10.2174/17450179-v18-e221020-2022-15 · Cited by 2
Arbués, E. R., Granada-López, J. M., Satústegui-Dordá, P. J., Echániz-Serrano, E., Sagarra‐Romero, L., & Antón‐Solanas, I. (2023) · Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem · doi:10.1590/1518-8345.6746.3961 · Cited by 5
Linares, J. C. C. (2023) · Retos · doi:10.47197/retos.v51.100788 · Cited by 2
“…et al., 2021; Skolasinska et al., 2023), con el objetivo de incrementar los niveles de AF y por tanto ser físicamente activos (Andrade-Lara, 2023; Demetriou et al., 2019) y en pro de una mejor salud mental (Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020) y estado ponderal de los estudiantes (Dewi et al., 2021).”
BackgroundMedise, B. E., Reza, M. O., Devaera, Y., et al. (2023) · Paediatrica Indonesiana · doi:10.14238/pi63.5.2023.383-8 · Cited by 2
Raudeniece, J., Justamente, I., Ozoliņa-Moll, L., Sobolevs, A., Zolovs, M., Dela, F., & Reihmane, D. (2024) · Diabetes Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity · doi:10.2147/dmso.s487309 · Cited by 2
Pan, N., Zhao, J.-X., Su, X.-T., Yang, K.-Z., Shi, L., Wang, X., Jin, J., Li, X., & Lin, L. (2025) · Future · doi:10.3390/future3020006 · Cited by 2
Starr, R. A., & Farr, J. (2025) · International Journal of Adolescence and Youth · doi:10.1080/02673843.2025.2517086 · Cited by 2
“Time using screens or social media (Marsh et al., 2024; Siebers et al., 2022), being sedentary or active (Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020), and sleep duration (Hisler et al., 2020) are popular topics.”
Improving health behaviors and symptoms in youth with mental health disorders: The GamerFit RCT
Bowling, A. B., Button, A. M., Beyl, R. A., Slavet, J., Daly, T., Murray, P., Nauta, P., & Staiano, A. E. (2025) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2025.100722 · Cited by 6
Blinder, H., Narang, I., Chaput, J., Katz, S. L., & on behalf of the Canadian Sleep and Circadian Network (2022) · Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine · doi:10.5664/jcsm.10376 · Cited by 2
Self-citationFung, H., Yeo, B. T. T., Chen, C., Lo, J. C., Chee, M., & Ong, J. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.03.23.22272692 · Cited by 3
Specific Types of Screen-Based Sedentary Time and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents
Shande, L. (2022) · International Journal of Mental Health Promotion · doi:10.32604/ijmhp.2022.018542 · Cited by 1
Loginov, S. I. (2023) · CARDIOVASCULAR THERAPY AND PREVENTION · doi:10.15829/1728-8800-2023-3388 · Cited by 1
Jee, H. (2023) · Journal of Exercise Rehabilitation · doi:10.12965/jer.2346352.176 · Cited by 2
“Sleeping variables have been observed in other previous studies an influential factor in mental health in adolescents (Park, 2011; Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020).”
ResultUnderstanding health behaviors that modify the risk for obesity in ADHD
Roberts, D. K., Sarver, D. E., Cash, A. R., Walker, B. H., & Lim, C. S. (2024) · Journal of Pediatric Psychology · doi:10.1093/jpepsy/jsae018 · Cited by 2
Chen, Y., Cai, R., Chai, D., et al. (2024) · BMC Sports Science Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1186/s13102-024-00979-2 · Cited by 1
Berk, E., & Baykara, R. A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13195751 · Cited by 3
“…negatively affect growth and development in children and adolescents, while pain, fractures, and other symptoms caused by FCD/NOF might hinder activity and increase physical inactivity which might negatively affect both physical and psychosocial development in children and young adolescents [17].”
BackgroundGroves, C. I., KWAN, M. Y. W., Witham, B., Faulkner, G., & Brown, D. M. Y. (2024) · Journal of American College Health · doi:10.1080/07448481.2024.2422331 · Cited by 1
“17,18 Guidelines specific to adults were only released in 2020, 19 which explains why research on this population is scarce, let alone for specific populations of adults such as post-secondary students.”
Kuhn, A. P., Choudhary, A., Zemanick, A., Lane, H., Armstrong, B., Wang, Y., Deitch, R., & Hager, E. R. (2024) · Preventive Medicine Reports · doi:10.1016/j.pmedr.2024.102944 · Cited by 2
Cruz, A., Aguon, C., Cajigal, M. B., de Leon, E. C., Evangelista, R. F. P., Jin, S. B., Macatugal, E. M. S., Paras, G. M., Villanueva, L. N. G., Badowski, G., et al. (2025) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph22050755 · Cited by 2
“Supporting this, a meta-analysis of 115,540 children and adolescents across 12 countries found a strong association between meeting exercise guidelines and positive mental health outcomes [35].”
Ye, H., Yun, D., Ji, X., Qiu, Y., Li, C., & Zheng, J. (2025) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2025.105152 · Cited by 1
Webster, C. A., Mîndrila, D., Murphy, A. D., Banićević, I., Perić, D., Stankić, D., & Banićević, Ž. (2025) · Psychology in the schools (Print) · doi:10.1002/pits.23592 · Cited by 1
Cruz, R. D. S., Nunes, A. C. C., dos Santos, J. P. R., Tavares, V. D. D. O., Ramos, I. A., Fonteles, A. I., Bandeira, P. F. R., Martins, C., & Browne, R. A. V. (2025) · American Journal of Human Biology · doi:10.1002/ajhb.70082 · Cited by 3
dos Santos, A. B., Tebar, W. R., Ferrari, G., Leoci, I. C., Antunes, E. P., Ohara, D., Saraiva, B. T. C., Sasaki, J. E., Vanderlei, L. C. M., & Christófaro, D. G. D. (2025) · Sports Medicine and Health Science · doi:10.1016/j.smhs.2025.06.003 · Cited by 3
“9,10 On the other hand, sufficient levels of physical activity are beneficial to improve several parameters of health, acting as a prevention factor and mitigating the onset of diseases and comorbidities.”
Saucier, A., Charland, K., McKinnon, B., Dupont, F., Laurin, I., Nguyen, C. T., Pierce, L., Torre, M. B. D., Cheriet, I., Quach, C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.2989/17280583.2025.2504586 · Cited by 1
Cui, J., Wang, S., Wang, G., et al. (2025) · Early Child Development and Care · doi:10.1080/03004430.2025.2517688 · Cited by 1
“As previously outlined in extant literature, reviews have been conducted that explore the associations between combinations of 24-hour movement behaviours and physical, psychological, and educational outcomes in children and adolescents (Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020; Wilhite et al., 2022).”
Butler, B., Laganière, C., Hershon, M., vandenBerg, A., Thauvin, C., Gaudreau, H., & Pennestri, M. (2025) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2025.07.006 · Cited by 1
Xiong, C., Zhang, L., Li, Z., Chen, J., & Qian, H. (2025) · Health and Quality of Life Outcomes · doi:10.1186/s12955-025-02413-8 · Cited by 3
“Furthermore, the findings indicated that meeting the sleep duration recommendations was associated with more mental health benefits than meeting physical activity recommendations [43].”
Battista, K., Smout, S., Patte, K. A., Gardner, L. A., Newton, N. C., Osman, B., Chapman, C., Leatherdale, S. T., & Champion, K. E. (2025) · Prevention Science · doi:10.1007/s11121-025-01837-4 · Cited by 1
Dimensions of Meaning in Physical Education—Voices from Experienced Teachers
Girona-Durá, C., López-Bautista, I., García-Taibo, O., & Baena‐Morales, S. (2025) · Education Sciences · doi:10.3390/educsci15091166 · Cited by 3
“…dimension of PE, not only for its immediate emotional effects but also for its ability to create positive memories, strengthen students’ connection with movement, and promote the development of active lifestyles over the life course (Durden-Myers et al., 2018; Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020).”
Hossian, M., Mielke, G. I., Nisar, M., & Khan, A. (2025) · Journal of science and medicine in sport · doi:10.1016/j.jsams.2025.09.017 · Cited by 1
Olson, O. J., Garver, M. J., Cramer, E., Gross‐Toalson, J., Teson, K. M., Malloy-Walton, L. E., Watson, J. S., Walton, M. M., Martis, L. B., Watkins, D. J., et al. (2025) · Pediatric Exercise Science · doi:10.1123/pes.2024-0066 · Cited by 2
Nyam, G., Lander, N., Ayala, A. M. C., Strugnell, C., & Salmon, J. (2025) · Journal of Activity Sedentary and Sleep Behaviors · doi:10.1186/s44167-025-00094-8 · Cited by 2
“Adequate sleep is also critical for emotional regulation and psychological resilience [21, 22].”
Analyzing adolescent mental health: Correlates of depression and anxiety through big data analytics
Li, Q., Guo, X., Zhou, H., Xu, Z., Xu, S., Xu, G., & Zhang, J. J. (2026) · Digital Health · doi:10.1177/20552076251413356 · Cited by 2
“Based on the experimental results and a review of related literature, 44,45 we found a signi fi cant association between living conditions and adolescent mental health.”
Zeng, X., Wang, Y., Cai, L., Bao, W., Feng, J., Sun, F., Yang, W., & Chen, Y. (2026) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2026.100756 · Cited by 2
Liu, R., Lyu, Q., Liu, X., Zou, Y., Liu, J., Yu, Y., & Zhou, X. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04087-3 · Cited by 1
“Yet, existing research has largely examined these factors in isolation, overlooking their combined, real-world effects [25].”
Bi, C., Ran, X., Zhang, F., Ye, X., Yin, X., ZHANG, M., & Sun, P. (2026) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2026.1739948 · Cited by 1
Yang, B., Yin, L., Yang, Z., Liu, P., Li, F., Chen, Y. F., & Liu, X. (2026) · Journal of Exercise Science & Fitness · doi:10.1016/j.jesf.2026.200459 · Cited by 4
“73 Thus, the current educational model — defined by prioritizing intellectual development over physical fitness, focusing on outcomes rather than process, and valuing competition above health — may be a key factor contributing to the decline in physical fitness among preschool children.”
Wang, J., Chen, Q., & Meng, J. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04129-w · Cited by 2
“In addition, previous studies have mainly emphasized psychological mediators such as social support, mindfulness, and self-efficacy [8–10], while behavioral patterns such as physical lifestyle and phubbing have received limited empirical attention as mediators.”
Self-citationHa, L., Singleton, D., Wakefield, C. E., et al. (2026) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers18050752 · Cited by 1
Mendes, T. C., Oliveira, R. S., dos Santos, D. F., Christófaro, D. G. D., Elsangedy, H. M., Bloch, K. V., Schaan, B. D., & Cureau, F. V. (2026) · Mental health and physical activity · doi:10.1016/j.mhpa.2026.100767 · Cited by 1
Huang, Y., Pase, M. P., Hua, N., Chen, Y., Xing, H., Chen, Z., Li, G., Tan, X., & Zhao, Q. (2026) · Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1186/s13643-026-03165-2 · Cited by 1
Spyropoulou, E., Giovazolias, T., Plexousakis, S., Charalampidou, P., & Piliouras, P. (2026) · International Journal of Bullying Prevention · doi:10.1007/s42380-026-00349-1 · Cited by 3
Zhou, L., Tao, Y., Zhang, Z., Chen, Y., Li, J., Pan, S., Aikeremu, A., Werneck, A. O., Stubbs, B., Lubans, D. R., et al. (2026) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.70147 · Cited by 2
Guan, K., Zhang, Z., Liu, Z., Pindus, D. M., Hillman, C. H., Yu, Q., Kramer, A. F., Kuang, J., Erickson, K. I., Herold, F., et al. (2026) · npj Science of Learning · doi:10.1038/s41539-026-00424-8 · Cited by 1
“Indeed,thereisevidencethatSB,especiallyhighleisure-timescreenuse(e.g., TVviewing),contributestoexternalizingandinternalizingproblemsinchildren andadolescents 44,45 .”
Chen, B., Wu, Y., Li, Y., Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Liu, S., & Zhao, J. (2026) · International Journal of Cancer · doi:10.1002/ijc.70475 · Cited by 1
Zhao, X., Wang, Y., Yi, Y., Zhan, H., Chen, H., & Song, Q. (2026) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2026.121998 · Cited by 1
König, T. T., Heimann, A. F., Scharenberg, S., et al. (2022) · Klinische Pädiatrie · doi:10.1055/a-1721-2755 · Cited by 1
Kastelic, K., & Šarabon, N. (2023) · Kinesiology · doi:10.26582/k.55.2.12 · Cited by 1
Sun, F. (2024) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2024.1330578 · Cited by 4
Liu, Y., Su, Y., Liu, K., & Jin, Z. (2024) · Infant and Child Development · doi:10.1002/icd.2524 · Cited by 1
Saraiva, B. T. C., Henn, R. R., Tebar, W. R., dos Santos, A. B., Antunes, E. P., Ferrari, G., & Christófaro, D. G. D. (2024) · Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1249/tjx.0000000000000269 · Cited by 1
Santo, R. C. D. E., Melo, G. L. R., Dubey, V. P., et al. (2024) · BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine · doi:10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002191 · Cited by 1
Addressing the undertreatment of mood disorders in Australian youth
Connor, J. P., Scott, J. G., Hall, W., & Thai, P. K. (2025) · Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/00048674241312795 · Cited by 1
“A universal public health emphasis aiming to increase physical activity and improve sleep and nutrition and social relations would improve mental and physical health (Rice et al., 2014; Sampasa-Kanyinga et al., 2020).”
Hu, T., Yu, L., Li, S., Li, J., & Zhou, Y. (2025) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2025.120173 · Cited by 1
Association between 24-hour movement guidelines and working memory in early Chinese adolescents
Xue, P., Han, T., Jin, X., Li, W., & Chen, Y. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1666581 · Cited by 1
Metadata
- Authors
- Sampasa-Kanyinga, H., Colman, I., Goldfield, G. S., Janssen, I., Wang, J., Podinic, I., Tremblay, M. S., Saunders, T. J., Sampson, M., & Chaput, J.-P.
- Affiliations
- Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NO)
- University of Ottawa (CA)
- Queen's University (CA)
- University of Prince Edward Island (CA)
- Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CA)
- ORCID
- Venue
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity
- Published
- 2020-06-05
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 72-72
- ISSN
- 1479-5868 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC7273653
- OpenAlex
- W3034038324
- Semantic Scholar
- bc1e95a028d1b38fe304ac599bf9aca35dd6c27e
- Cited by
- 430
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 67 · 2025: 98 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 74 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 4
- FWCI
- 5.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition and Physical Activity (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- uO Research (University of Ottawa) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- NORA - Norwegian Open Research Archives (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Norges Forskningsråd (262700.)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- physical activity, sedentary behavior, sleep duration, depressive symptoms, mental health, children, adolescents, screen time, dose-response relationship
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Child, Preschool, Depression, Humans, Mental Health, Sleep, Exercise, Sedentary Behavior
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
A language model drew the claims from the paper on 2026-10-10, under version 3 of the claim definition (model deepseek-v4.1-flash, prompt extract-v3).
A second model labelled each claim on 2026-10-10 (model jev-1.13-20260917, definition revision gold-guideline-v0.2).
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
