Cited by 247Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology ResearchFatty Acid Research and HealthSphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling

Synaptic lipid signaling

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Bazan, Nicolas G.·2003·Journal of Lipid Research

Abstract

Neuronal cellular and intracellular membranes are rich in specialized phospholipids that are reservoirs of lipid messengers released by specific phospholipases and stimulated by neurotransmitters, neurotrophic factors, cytokines, membrane depolarization, ion channel activation, etc. Secretory phospholipases A2 may be both intercellular messengers and generators of lipid messengers. The highly networked nervous system includes cells (e.g., astrocytes, oligodendrocytes, microglial cells, endothelial microvascular cells) that extensively interact with neurons; several lipid messengers participate in these interactions. This review highlights modulation of postsynaptic membrane excitability and long-term synaptic plasticity by cyclooxygenase-2-generated prostaglandin E2, arachidonoyldiacylcylglycerol, and arachidonic acid-containing endocannabinoids. The peroxidation of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), a critical component of excitable membranes in brain and retina, is promoted by oxidative stress. DHA is also the precursor of enzyme-derived, neuroprotective docosanoids. The phospholipid platelet-activating factor is a retrograde messenger of long-term potentiation, a modulator of glutamate release, and an upregulator of memory formation. Lipid messengers modulate signaling cascades and contribute to cellular differentiation, function, protection, and repair in the nervous system. Lipidomic neurobiology will advance our knowledge of the brain, spinal cord, retina, and peripheral nerve function and diseases that affect them, and new discoveries on networks of signaling in health and disease will likely lead to novel therapeutic interventions.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Bazan, N. G. 1990. Supply of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their significance in the central nervous system. In Nutrition and the Brain. R. J. Wurtman and J. J. Wurtman, editors. Raven Press, New York. 1-24. 79
  2. Bazan, N. G., and E. B. Rodriguez de Turco. 1996. Alterations in plasma lipoproteins and DHA transport in progressive rod-cone degeneration (prcd). Retinal Degeneration and Regeneration, Proceedings of an International Symposium in Kanazawa, Japan. 1995.

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Authors
Bazan, N. G.
Affiliations
Louisiana State University (US)
Corresponding author
Bazan, Nicolas G.
Venue
Journal of Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2003-12
Volume
44
Issue
12
Pages
2221-2233
ISSN
0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2168480206
Cited by
247
References
154
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
FWCI
2.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • National Eye Institute (R01 EY 05121, R01EY005121)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS023002, R01NS23002)
  • National Center for Research Resources (P20RR-16816, P20RR016816)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Fatty Acid Research and Health
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sphingolipid Metabolism and Signaling
Keywords
secretory phospholipase A2, prostaglandin E2, cyclooxygenase-2, endocannabinoids, arachidonic acid, docosanoids, platelet-activating factor, retrograde signaling, long-term potentiation, synaptic plasticity, lipidomics, neuroprotection, astrocytes, microglia, memory formation
MeSH terms
Animals, Fatty Acids, Unsaturated, Humans, Nervous System, Synaptic Transmission, Neuronal Plasticity, Platelet Activating Factor, Lipid Metabolism

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