Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence

Blank, Susan K.; Helm, Kristin D.; McCartney, Christopher R.; Marshall, John C.

doi:10.1196/annals.1429.005

Cited by 97Ovarian function and disordersReproductive Biology and FertilityEndometriosis Research and Treatment

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence

Blank, Susan K., Helm, Kristin D., McCartney, Christopher R., Marshall, John C.·2008·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

DOI 10.1196/annals.1429.005

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Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrinopathy among reproductive‐aged women and is characterized by hyperandrogenemia, menstrual dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. The hormonal abnormalities inherent in PCOS often begin in adolescence and include hyperinsulinemia and rapid luteinizing hormone (LH) pulse frequency, both of which mediate ovarian and adrenal overproduction of androgens. Although differences exist regarding the diagnostic criteria for PCOS, we believe that hyperandrogenemia is the final common pathway for the development of adolescent PCOS, and we propose a hypothesis to illustrate such. Recognizing and reducing androgen levels in adolescence is critical given their association with the metabolic syndrome (MBS), diabetes, and infertility in adulthood.

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The number of large antral follicles and ovarian size reaches its maximum around the time of menarche.
“The number of large antral follicles and ovarian size reaches its maximum around the time of menarche 71,72”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [71]
Many girls with regular menstrual patterns may have polycystic ovaries.
“and many girls with regular menstrual patterns may have polycystic ovaries. 71”
From Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline (2011) · cites this paper as [71]

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Prenatal growth restraint followed by catch-up of weight: a hyperinsulinemic pathway to polycystic ovary syndrome
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The Diagnosis of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence
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Fauser, B. C. J. M., Tarlatzis, B. C., Rebar, R. W., Legro, R. S., Balen, A. H., Lobo, R., Carmina, E., Chang, J., Yildiz, B. O., Laven, J. S. E., et al. (2012) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.09.024 · Cited by 1,976 · see citing works
Assessment and management of polycystic ovary syndrome: Summary of an evidence-based guideline
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Consensus on women's health aspects of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
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The diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents
Carmina, E., Oberfield, S. E., & Lobo, R. A. (2010) · American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.ajog.2010.03.008 · Cited by 339 · see citing works
Dermatologic manifestations of endocrine disorders
Lause, M., Kamboj, A., & Faith, E. F. (2017) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp.2017.09.08 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Clinical, ultrasound and biochemical features of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents: implications for diagnosis
Hickey, M., Doherty, D. A., Atkinson, H. C., Sloboda, D. M., Franks, S., Norman, R. J., & Hart, R. J. (2011) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/der102 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Lifecycle of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS): from in utero to menopause
Welt, C. K., & Carmina, E. (2013) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2013-2375 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Clinical characteristics of polycystic ovary syndrome in Indian women
Ramanand, S., Ghongane, B. B., Ramanand, J. B., Patwardhan, M., Ghanghas, R. R., & Jain, S. (2013) · Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism · doi:10.4103/2230-8210.107858 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Androgens and polycystic ovary syndrome
Nisenblat, V., & Norman, R. J. (2009) · Current Opinion in Endocrinology Diabetes and Obesity · doi:10.1097/med.0b013e32832afd4d · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Metabolism and Ovarian Function in PCOS Women: A Therapeutic Approach with Inositols
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Efficacy of a Novel Fenugreek Seed Extract (Trigonella foenum-graecum, FurocystTM) in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)
Swaroop, A., Jaipuriar, A. S., Gupta, S. K., Bagchi, M., Kumar, P., Preuss, H. G., & Bagchi, D. (2015) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.13024 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Pediatric obesity: Current concepts
Greydanus, D. E., Agana, M. G., Kamboj, M. K., Shebrain, S., Soares, N. S., Eke, R., & Patel, D. R. (2018) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2017.12.001 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Pediatric Population
Bremer, A. A. (2010) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/met.2010.0039 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Genome-wide screen of ovary-specific DNA methylation in polycystic ovary syndrome
Yu, Y.-Y., Sun, C.-X., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Wang, L., & Zhang, W. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.04.005 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Morning Circadian Misalignment Is Associated With Insulin Resistance in Girls With Obesity and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Simon, S. L., McWhirter, L., Diniz Behn, C., Bubar, K. M., Kaar, J. L., Pyle, L., Rahat, H., Garcia-Reyes, Y., Carreau, A.-M., Wright, K. P., et al. (2019) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-02385 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Menstruation in Adolescents: What Do We Know? and What Do We Do with the Information?
Hillard, P. J. A. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2013.12.001 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Extent of metabolic risk in adolescent girls with features of polycystic ovary syndrome
Hart, R. J., Doherty, D. A., Mori, T. A., Huang, R., Norman, R. J., Franks, S., Sloboda, D. M., Beilin, L. J., & Hickey, M. (2011) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.03.001 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence: diagnostic and therapeutic strategies
Kamboj, M. K., & Bonny, A. E. (2017) · Translational Pediatrics · doi:10.21037/tp.2017.09.11 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Diagnosis and Management of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescents
Trent, M., & Gordon, C. M. (2020) · PEDIATRICS · doi:10.1542/peds.2019-2056j · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Elevated androgens during puberty in female rhesus monkeys lead to increased neuronal drive to the reproductive axis: a possible component of polycystic ovary syndrome.
McGee, W., Bishop, C., Bahar, A., Pohl, C., Chang, R., Marshall, J., Pau, F., Stouffer, R., & Cameron, J. (2012) · Human Reproduction · doi:10.1093/humrep/der393 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citation
Hepatic Steatosis is Common in Adolescents with Obesity and PCOS and Relates to De Novo Lipogenesis but not Insulin Resistance
Cree‐Green, M., Bergman, B. C., Coe, G. V., Newnes, L., Baumgartner, A., Bacon, S. D., Scherzinger, A. L., Pyle, L. L., & Nadeau, K. J. (2016) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.21651 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Obese adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome have elevated cardiovascular disease risk markers
Patel, S. S., Truong, U. T., King, M., Ferland, A., Moreau, K. L., Dorosz, J. L., Hokanson, J. E., Wang, H., Kinney, G. L., Maahs, D. M., et al. (2017) · Vascular Medicine · doi:10.1177/1358863x16682107 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Free androgen index and Irisin in polycystic ovary syndrome
Li, H., Xu, X., Wang, X., Liao, X., Li, L., Yang, G., & Gao, L. (2015) · Journal of Endocrinological Investigation · doi:10.1007/s40618-015-0403-7 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in the Adolescent
Pfeifer, S. M., & Kives, S. L. (2009) · Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ogc.2008.12.004 · Cited by 60 · see citing works
Period problems: disorders of menstruation in adolescents
Peacock, A., Alvi, N. S., & Mushtaq, T. (2010) · Archives of Disease in Childhood · doi:10.1136/adc.2009.160853 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
The neuroendocrine genesis of polycystic ovary syndrome: A role for arcuate nucleus GABA neurons
Moore, A. M., & Campbell, R. E. (2015) · The Journal of Steroid Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jsbmb.2015.10.002 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Risk of metabolic syndrome in adolescents with polycystic ovarian syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Fazleen, N. E., Whittaker, M. A., & Mamun, A. A. (2018) · Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Clinical Research & Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.dsx.2018.03.014 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
Prevalence and ultrasound features of polycystic ovaries in young unmarried Saudi females
Guraya, S. (2013) · Journal of Microscopy and Ultrastructure · doi:10.1016/j.jmau.2013.06.002 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Co-involvement of psychological and neurological abnormalities in infertility with polycystic ovarian syndrome
Shi, X., Zhang, L., Fu, S., & Li, N. (2011) · Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics · doi:10.1007/s00404-011-1947-1 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Cardiometabolic biomarkers in women with polycystic ovary syndrome
van der Ham, K., Louwers, Y. V., & Laven, J. S. E. (2022) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2022.03.008 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome — “A Riddle Wrapped in a Mystery inside an Enigma”
Padmanabhan, V. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0492 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
US of the Pediatric Female Pelvis
Paltiel, H. J., & Phelps, A. S. (2014) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.13121724 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Ovarian volume in normal and hyperandrogenic adolescent women
Fruzzetti, F., Campagna, A. M., Perini, D., & Carmina, E. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.03.026 · Cited by 31 · see citing works
Acute Effects of Testosterone Infusion on the Serum Luteinizing Hormone Profile in Eumenorrheic and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Adolescents
Ropelato, M. G., Rudaz, M. C. G., Escobar, M. E., Bengolea, S. V., Calcagno, M. L., Veldhuis, J. D., & Barontini, M. (2009) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2009-0402 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Menstrual Dysfunction in Girls From the Treatment Options for Type 2 Diabetes in Adolescents and Youth (TODAY) Study
Kelsey, M. M., Braffett, B. H., Geffner, M. E., Levitsky, L. L., Caprio, S., McKay, S. V., Shah, R. D., Sprague, J., Arslanian, S. A., & TODAY Study Group (2018) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.2018-00132 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
The clinical application of metformin in children and adolescents: A short update.
Soliman, A., Sanctis, V. D., Alaaraj, N., & Hamed, N. (2020) · Acta bio-medica dell'Ateneo parmense/Acta biomedica · doi:10.23750/abm.v91i3.10127 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
Utility of ultrasound in the diagnosis of polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents
Youngster, M., Ward, V. L., Blood, E., Barnewolt, C. E., Emans, S. J., & DiVasta, A. D. (2014) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.07.1241 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Morpho‐regulation in diverse chicken feather formation: Integrating branching modules and sex hormone‐dependent morpho‐regulatory modules
Widelitz, R. B., Lin, G., Lai, Y., Mayer, J. A., Tang, P., Cheng, H., Jiang, T., Chen, C., & Chuong, C. (2018) · Development Growth & Differentiation · doi:10.1111/dgd.12584 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Do Different Diagnostic Criteria Impact Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Diagnosis for Adolescents?
Akgül, S., Düzçeker, Y., Kanbur, N., & Derman, O. (2017) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2017.12.002 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Diagnostic Characteristics and Metabolic Risk Factors of Cases with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome during Adolescence
Şıklar, Z., Berberoğlu, M., Çamtosun, E., & Kocaay, P. (2014) · Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology · doi:10.1016/j.jpag.2014.05.006 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary Syndrome in Adolescents: Pitfalls in Diagnosis and Management
Kostopoulou, E., Anagnostis, P. G., Bosdou, J. Κ., Spiliotis, B. E., & Goulis, D. G. (2020) · Current Obesity Reports · doi:10.1007/s13679-020-00388-9 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
What does a diagnostic label of ‘polycystic ovary syndrome’ really mean in adolescence? a review of current practice recommendations
Morris, S., Grover, S. R., & Sabin, M. A. (2015) · Clinical Obesity · doi:10.1111/cob.12123 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescence
Bruni, V., Dei, M., Nannini, S., Balzi, D., & Nuvolone, D. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05648.x · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Ultrasonographic and multimodal imaging of pediatric genital female diseases
Caprio, M. G., Serafino, M. D., Feo, A. D., Guerriero, E., Perillo, T., Barbuto, L., Vezzali, N., Rossi, E., Ferro, F., Vallone, G., et al. (2019) · Journal of Ultrasound · doi:10.1007/s40477-019-00358-5 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Diagnosis and Treatment of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescent Females
Ebersole, A. M., & Bonny, A. E. (2020) · Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology · doi:10.1097/grf.0000000000000538 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Marital satisfaction and social support in infertile women with and without polycystic ovary syndrome
Navid, B., Mohammadi, M., Sasannejad, R., Dehkordi, M. A., Maroufizadeh, S., Hafezi, M., & Samani, R. O. (2018) · Middle East Fertility Society Journal · doi:10.1016/j.mefs.2018.01.014 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Western-style diet, with and without chronic androgen treatment, alters the number, structure, and function of small antral follicles in ovaries of young adult monkeys
Bishop, C. V., Xu, F., Xu, J., Ting, A. Y., Galbreath, E., McGee, W. K., Zelinski, M. B., Hennebold, J. D., Cameron, J. L., & Stouffer, R. L. (2015) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.11.045 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Serum irisin concentrations in lean adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
Bacopoulou, F., Athanasopoulos, N., Efthymiou, V., Mantzou, A., Aravantinos, L., Vlahopoulos, S., & Deligeoroglou, E. (2018) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.13555 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Interventional Studies for Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Children and Adolescents
Vuguin, P. M. (2010) · Pediatric Health · doi:10.2217/phe.09.69 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
How to manage an adolescent girl presenting with features of polycystic ovary syndrome ( PCOS ); an exemplar for adolescent health care in endocrinology
Mani, H., Potdar, N., & Gleeson, H. K. (2014) · Clinical Endocrinology · doi:10.1111/cen.12501 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Acne - a potential skin marker of internal disease
Pace, J. L. (2015) · Clinics in Dermatology · doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2015.05.010 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Correlation of Clinical, Hormonal, Biochemical and Ultrasound Parameters Between Adult and Adolescent Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Jain, S., Jain, M., & Shukla, R. C. (2021) · The Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology of India · doi:10.1007/s13224-021-01557-z · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Upregulated Ribosomal Pathway Impairs Follicle Development in a Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Mouse Model: Differential Gene Expression Analysis of Oocytes
Nakanishi, N., Osuka, S., Kono, T., Kobayashi, H., Ikeda, S., Bayasula, B., Sonehara, R., Murakami, M., Yoshita, S., Miyake, N., et al. (2022) · Reproductive Sciences · doi:10.1007/s43032-022-01095-7 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Salivary Interleukin-6 Levels among Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Patients with and Without Chronic Periodontitis – A Comparative Study
Varghese, A., Balu, P., Ravindran, S., Muthu, J., & Vineela, K. (2019) · Contemporary Clinical Dentistry · doi:10.4103/ccd.ccd_848_18 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Predisposition for borderline personality disorder with comorbid major depression is associated with that for polycystic ovary syndrome in female Japanese population
Kawamura, S., Maesawa, Nakamura, Nakayama, T., Morita, Hiruma, Yoshida, Sakai, & Masuda (2011) · Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment · doi:10.2147/ndt.s25504 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Adiponectin and resistin concentrations after glucose load in adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
Güven, A., Özgen, İ. T., & Aliyazıcıoğlu, Y. (2009) · Gynecological Endocrinology · doi:10.3109/09513590903159540 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
The effects of small litter rearing on ovarian function at puberty and adulthood in the rat
Wu, X.-Q., Li, X.-F., Xia, W.-T., Ye, B., & O’Byrne, K. T. (2016) · Reproductive Biology · doi:10.1016/j.repbio.2016.02.001 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Butyrate-Mediated Modulation of Paraoxonase-1 Alleviates Cardiorenometabolic Abnormalities in a Rat Model of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
Olaniyi, K. S., Areloegbe, S. E. J., Badejogbin, O. C., Ajadi, I. O., & Ajadi, M. B. (2024) · Cardiovascular Drugs and Therapy · doi:10.1007/s10557-024-07649-y · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Polycystic ovary syndrome: Challenges in adolescence
Oliveira, A. B. F. D., Sampaio, B., Teixeira, A., Castro-Correia, C., Fontoura, M., & Medina, J. L. (2010) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/j.endonu.2010.04.007 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Pancreatic fat relates to fasting insulin and postprandial lipids but not polycystic ovary syndrome in adolescents with obesity
Ware, M. A., Kaar, J. L., Behn, C. D., Bartlette, K., Carreau, A., Lopez‐Paniagua, D., Scherzinger, A. L., Xie, D., Rahat, H., Garcia‐Reyes, Y., et al. (2021) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.23317 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Metabolic syndrome in Iranian adolescents with polycystic ovary syndrome
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Authors: Blank, S. K., Helm, K. D., McCartney, C. R., & Marshall, J. C.
Affiliations: University of Virginia Health System (US)
Corresponding author: Blank, Susan K.
ORCID: McCartney, Christopher R.
Marshall, John C.
Venue: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
Publisher: Wiley
Published: 2008-06
Volume: 1135
Issue: 1
Pages: 76-84
ISSN: 0077-8923 (ISSN-L)
1749-6632
DOI: 10.1196/annals.1429.005
OpenAlex: W2134829948
Cited by: 97
References: 97
Citations by year: 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 2
FWCI: 1.17
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: onlinelibrary.wiley.com/termsAndConditions#vor (vor, 54 d)
Locations: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
Keywords: polycystic ovary syndrome, adolescence, hyperandrogenemia, hyperinsulinemia, androgen overproduction, adrenal androgen production, menstrual disorders, metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, infertility
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Androgens, Female, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Luteinizing Hormone, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Adolescence

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