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Cited by 1,394Science Education and PedagogyInnovative Teaching and Learning MethodsEducational Strategies and Epistemologies

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Inquiry, Modeling, and Metacognition: Making Science Accessible to All Students

White, Barbara Y., Frederiksen, John R.·1998·Cognition and Instruction
DOI 10.1207/s1532690xci1601_2
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Abstract

Our objective has been to develop an instructional theory and corresponding curricular materials that make scientific inquiry accessible to a wide range of students, including younger and lower achieving students. We hypothesized that this could be achieved by recognizing the importance of metacognition and creating an instructional approach that develops students' metacognitive knowledge and skills through a process of scaffolded inquiry, reflection, and generalization. Toward this end, we collaborated with teachers to create a computer enhanced, middle school science curriculum that engages students in learning about and reflecting on the processes of scientific inquiry as they construct increasingly complex models of force and motion phenomena. The resulting ThinkerTools Inquiry Curriculum centers around a metacognitive model of research, called the Inquiry Cycle, and a metacognitive process, called Reflective Assessment, in which students reflect on their own and each other's inquiry. In this article, we report on instructional trials of the curriculum by teachers in urban classrooms, including a controlled comparison to determine the impact of including or not including the Reflective Assessment Process. Overall, the curriculum proved successful and students' performance improved significantly on both physics and inquiry assessments. The controlled comparison revealed that students' learning was greatly facilitated by Reflective Assessment. Furthermore, adding this metac…

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Metadata

Authors
White, B. Y., & Frederiksen, J. R.
Venue
Cognition and Instruction
Publisher
Informa UK Limited
Published
1998-03
Volume
16
Issue
1
Pages
3-118
ISSN
  • 0737-0008 (ISSN-L)
  • 1532-690X
DOI
10.1207/s1532690xci1601_2
OpenAlex
W2029930609
Cited by
1,394
References
73
Citations by year
2026: 21 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 55 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 67 · 2019: 53 · 2018: 49 · 2017: 65 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 82 · 2014: 57 · 2013: 75 · 2012: 79
FWCI
124.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Cognition and Instruction (publishedVersion)
  • HAL (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Education › Science Education and Pedagogy
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Educational Strategies and Epistemologies
Keywords
scientific inquiry, metacognition, reflective assessment, inquiry cycle, junior high school science, force and motion, modeling, scaffolding, low-achieving students, urban education, educational disadvantage

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