Hypothyroidism is common in Turner syndrome: results of a five-year follow-up
Abstract
Turner syndrome (TS) is caused by a sex chromosome aberration. The aim was to study the prevalence and incidence of thyroid disease in adults with TS. Women with TS (n = 91; mean age, 37.7 +/- 11 yr) were compared with an age-matched female random population sample (n = 228). At baseline, 15 (16%) TS women were treated for hypothyroidism, and elevated serum TSH was found in another eight (9%). As a result, hypothyroidism was more common in women with TS (25%) than in controls (2%; P < 0.0001). Serum free T4 was lower (P = 0.02), and serum TSH was higher (P < 0.0001) in TS women than in age-matched controls. Of all TS women with hypothyroidism, 10 (43%) had an elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody titer vs. 15 (22%) of those without hypothyroidism (P < 0.05), evenly distributed between the karyotype 45,X and mosaicism. A high body mass index, but not a family history or blood lipids, was associated with hypothyroidism in TS. After the 5-yr follow-up, an additional 11 (16%) developed hypothyroidism, of whom four (36%) had elevated thyroid peroxidase. Altogether, 34 (37%) TS women had hypothyroidism after the 5-yr follow-up. Autoimmune hypothyroidism was common, with an annual incidence of 3.2% in TS. Thyroid function should be checked regularly in TS.
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Individuals with Down syndrome and Turner's syndrome have higher risk of hypothyroidism than the general population.
“Individuals with Down syndrome and Turner's syndrome also have higher risk than the general population.39,40”
From Hypothyroidism (2024) · cites this paper as [40]
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- Authors
- El-Mansoury, M., Bryman, I., Berntorp, K., Hanson, C., Wilhelmsen, L., & Landin-Wilhelmsen, K.
- Affiliations
- Sahlgrenska University Hospital (SE)
- Lund University (SE)
- University of Gothenburg (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Berntorp, Kerstin
- Venue
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism
- Publisher
- The Endocrine Society
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 90
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 2131-2135
- ISSN
- 0021-972X (ISSN-L)
- 1945-7197
- OpenAlex
- W1967551750
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 29
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Thyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Adrenal Hormones and Disorders
- Keywords
- Turner syndrome, hypothyroidism, thyroid disease prevalence, autoimmune hypothyroidism, thyroid peroxidase antibodies, thyroid-stimulating hormone, free thyroxine, body mass index, mosaicism, incidence, thyroid screening
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Iodide Peroxidase, Middle Aged, Mosaicism, Thyrotropin, Turner Syndrome, In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence
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