Dark microglia: A new phenotype predominantly associated with pathological states
Open accessAbstract
The past decade has witnessed a revolution in our understanding of microglia. These immune cells were shown to actively remodel neuronal circuits, leading to propose new pathogenic mechanisms. To study microglial implication in the loss of synapses, the best pathological correlate of cognitive decline across chronic stress, aging, and diseases, we recently conducted ultrastructural analyses. Our work uncovered the existence of a new microglial phenotype that is rarely present under steady state conditions, in hippocampus, cerebral cortex, amygdala, and hypothalamus, but becomes abundant during chronic stress, aging, fractalkine signaling deficiency (CX 3 CR1 knockout mice), and Alzheimer's disease pathology (APP‐PS1 mice). Even though these cells display ultrastructural features of microglia, they are strikingly distinct from the other phenotypes described so far at the ultrastructural level. They exhibit several signs of oxidative stress, including a condensed, electron‐dense cytoplasm and nucleoplasm making them as “dark” as mitochondria, accompanied by a pronounced remodeling of their nuclear chromatin. Dark microglia appear to be much more active than the normal microglia, reaching for synaptic clefts, while extensively encircling axon terminals and dendritic spines with their highly ramified and thin processes. They stain for the myeloid cell markers IBA1 and GFP (in CX 3 CR1‐GFP mice), and strongly express CD11b and microglia‐specific 4D4 in their processes encircling synaptic elements, and TREM2 when they associate with amyloid plaques. Overall, these findings suggest that dark microglia, a new phenotype that we identified based on their unique properties, could play a significant role in the pathological remodeling of neuronal circuits, especially at synapses. GLIA 2016;64:826–839
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Dysregulation of microglial functions is associated with several health concerns that often show sex prevalences, including Alzheimer's disease (more prevalent among females), Parkinson's disease (more male-prevalent), and various other neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders.
“Dysregulation of microglial functions is associated with several health concerns that often show sex prevalences, not only affecting Alzheimer’s disease, which shows more prevalence among females, and Parkinson’s disease, more male-prevalent, but also including various other neurodevelopmental, neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders [38–43].”
From Sex chromosomes and sex hormones differently shape microglial properties during normal physiological conditions in the adult mouse hippocampus (2025) · cites this paper as [38]
Split into 2 atoms — 1 confirmed, 1 partially supported, 0 disputed, 0 misattributed, 0 unverifiable. Expand the claim to see per-atom verdicts.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
1 retracted
Bialas, A. R., & Stevens, B. (2013) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn.3560 · Cited by 519 · see citing works
RetractedThe mouse brain in stereotaxic coordinates
Konsman, J. (2003) · Psychoneuroendocrinology · doi:10.1016/s0306-4530(03)00088-x · Cited by 16,796 · see citing works
The Mouse Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G. (2001) · Cited by 12,859 · see citing works
Synaptic Pruning by Microglia Is Necessary for Normal Brain Development
Paolicelli, R. C., Bolasco, G., Pagani, F., Maggi, L., Scianni, M., Panzanelli, P., Giustetto, M., Ferreira, T. A., Guiducci, E., Dumas, L., et al. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1202529 · Cited by 4,244 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia Sculpt Postnatal Neural Circuits in an Activity and Complement-Dependent Manner
Schafer, D. P., Lehrman, E. K., Kautzman, A. G., Koyama, R., Mardinly, A. R., Yamasaki, R., Ransohoff, R. M., Greenberg, M. E., Barres, B. A., & Stevens, B. (2012) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.03.026 · Cited by 4,089 · see citing works
The Classical Complement Cascade Mediates CNS Synapse Elimination
Stevens, B., Allen, N. J., Vazquez, L. E., Howell, G. R., Christopherson, K. S., Nouri, N., Micheva, K. D., Mehalow, A. K., Huberman, A. D., Stafford, B., et al. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.10.036 · Cited by 3,313 · see citing works
Jung, S., Aliberti, J., Graemmel, P., Sunshine, M. J., Kreutzberg, G. W., Sher, A., & Littman, D. R. (2000) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.20.11.4106-4114.2000 · Cited by 2,632 · see citing works
Microglia promote learning-dependent synapse formation through brain-derived neurotrophic factor
Parkhurst, C. N., Yang, G., Ninan, I., Savas, J. N., Yates, J. R., Lafaille, J. J., Hempstead, B. L., Littman, D. R., & Gan, W.-B. (2013) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2013.11.030 · Cited by 2,599 · see citing works
Immune attack: the role of inflammation in Alzheimer disease
Heppner, F. L., Ransohoff, R. M., & Becher, B. (2015) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3880 · Cited by 2,134 · see citing works
From circuits to behaviour in the amygdala
Janak, P. H., & Tye, K. M. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature14188 · Cited by 2,011 · cited 1× · see citing works
“3H).”
Elmore, M. R. P., Najafi, A. R., Koike, M. A., Dagher, N. N., Spangenberg, E. E., Rice, R. A., Kitazawa, M., Matusow, B., Nguyen, H., West, B. L., et al. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.02.040 · Cited by 1,968 · see citing works
Serbina, N. V., & Pamer, E. G. (2006) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1309 · Cited by 1,658 · see citing works
Synaptic Dysfunction in Depression: Potential Therapeutic Targets
Duman, R. S., & Aghajanian, G. K. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1222939 · Cited by 1,651 · see citing works
A standardized protocol for repeated social defeat stress in mice
Golden, S. A., Covington, H. E., Berton, O., & Russo, S. J. (2011) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2011.361 · Cited by 1,581 · see citing works
Microglial interactions with synapses are modulated by visual experience
Tremblay, M.-È., Lowery, R. L., & Majewska, A. K. (2010) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000527 · Cited by 1,542 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia and brain macrophages in the molecular age: from origin to neuropsychiatric disease
Prinz, M., & Priller, J. (2014) · Nature Reviews Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nrn3722 · Cited by 1,329 · see citing works
(1976) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,328 · see citing works
The Intersection of Amyloid Beta and Tau at Synapses in Alzheimer’s Disease
Spires-Jones, T. L., & Hyman, B. T. (2014) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2014.05.004 · Cited by 1,201 · see citing works
Microglia: new roles for the synaptic stripper
Kettenmann, H., Kirchhoff, F., & Verkhratsky, A. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2012.12.023 · Cited by 1,173 · see citing works
Tsou, C.-L., Peters, W., Si, Y., Slaymaker, S., Aslanian, A. M., Weisberg, S. P., Mack, M., & Charo, I. F. (2007) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci29919 · Cited by 1,152 · see citing works
Microglia in the adult brain arise from Ly-6ChiCCR2+ monocytes only under defined host conditions
Mildner, A., Schmidt, H., Nitsche, M., Merkler, D., Hanisch, U.-K., Mack, M., Heikenwalder, M., Brück, W., Priller, J., & Prinz, M. (2007) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/nn2015 · Cited by 1,089 · see citing works
Borchelt, D. R., Ratovitski, T., van Lare, J., Lee, M. K., Gonzales, V., Jenkins, N. A., Copeland, N. G., Price, D. L., & Sisodia, S. S. (1997) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/s0896-6273(00)80974-5 · Cited by 1,023 · see citing works
The Role of Microglia in the Healthy Brain: Figure 1.
Tremblay, M.-È., Stevens, B., Sierra, A., Wake, H., Bessis, A., & Nimmerjahn, A. (2011) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4158-11.2011 · Cited by 992 · see citing works
Self-citationThree-Dimensional Relationships between Hippocampal Synapses and Astrocytes
Ventura, R., & Harris, K. (1999) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-16-06897.1999 · Cited by 900 · see citing works
Jay, T. R., Miller, C. M., Cheng, P. J., Graham, L. C., Bemiller, S., Broihier, M. L., Xu, G., Margevicius, D., Karlo, J. C., Sousa, G. L., et al. (2015) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20142322 · Cited by 682 · cited 1× · see citing works
“F), suggesting that they could be the plaque-associated TREM2-positive myeloid cells which—regardless of their still debated origin (Rivest, 2015)—were recently shown to express the phagocytic effectors MERTK and AXL (Jay et al., 2015; Savage et al., 2015).”
BackgroundSelf-citationBruttger, J., Karram, K., Wörtge, S., Regen, T., Marini, F., Hoppmann, N., Klein, M., Blank, T., Yona, S., Wolf, Y., et al. (2015) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2015.06.012 · Cited by 634 · see citing works
The “quad‐partite” synapse: Microglia‐synapse interactions in the developing and mature CNS
Schafer, D. P., Lehrman, E. K., & Stevens, B. (2013) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22389 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Sublime Microglia: Expanding Roles for the Guardians of the CNS
Salter, M. W., & Beggs, S. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.06.008 · Cited by 531 · see citing works
Modulating inflammatory monocytes with a unique microRNA gene signature ameliorates murine ALS
Butovsky, O., Siddiqui, S., Gabriely, G., Lanser, A. J., Dake, B., Murugaiyan, G., Doykan, C. E., Wu, P. M., Gali, R. R., Iyer, L. K., et al. (2012) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci62636 · Cited by 481 · see citing works
Self-citationMildner, A., Mack, M., Schmidt, H., Brück, W., Djukic, M., Zabel, M. D., Hille, A., Priller, J., & Prinz, M. (2009) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awp144 · Cited by 445 · see citing works
The epigenetics of aging and neurodegeneration
Lardenoije, R., Iatrou, A., Kenis, G., Kompotis, K., Steinbusch, H. W. M., Mastroeni, D., Coleman, P., Lemere, C. A., Hof, P. R., van den Hove, D. L. A., et al. (2015) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.05.002 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Butovsky, O., Jedrychowski, M. P., Cialic, R., Krasemann, S., Murugaiyan, G., Fanek, Z., Greco, D. J., Wu, P. M., Doykan, C. E., Kiner, O., et al. (2015) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.24304 · Cited by 358 · see citing works
Self-citationEndoplasmic Reticulum Stress: Its Role in Disease and Novel Prospects for Therapy
Schönthal, A. H. (2012) · Scientifica · doi:10.6064/2012/857516 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Microglial cells but not astrocytes undergo mitosis following rat facial nerve axotomy
Graeber, M. B., Tetzlaff, W., Streit, W. J., & Kreutzberg, G. W. (1988) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/0304-3940(88)90585-x · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Identification of microglia in light and electron microscopy
Mori, S., & Leblond, C. P. (1969) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.901350104 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Homeostatic and injury‐induced microglia behavior in the aging brain
Hefendehl, J. K., Neher, J. J., Sühs, R. B., Kohsaka, S., Skodras, A., & Jucker, M. (2014) · Aging Cell · doi:10.1111/acel.12149 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Evidence for synaptic stripping by cortical microglia
Trapp, B. D., Wujek, J. R., Criste, G. A., Jalabi, W., Yin, X., Kidd, G. J., Stohlman, S. A., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2006) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20462 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Fractalkine regulation of microglial physiology and consequences on the brain and behavior
Paolicelli, R. C., Bisht, K., & Tremblay, M. (2014) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00129 · Cited by 314 · see citing works
Self-citationEffects of aging and sensory loss on glial cells in mouse visual and auditory cortices
Tremblay, M., Zettel, M. L., Ison, J. R., Allen, P. D., & Majewska, A. K. (2012) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22287 · Cited by 309 · see citing works
Self-citationMiller, M. W., & Sadeh, N. (2014) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2014.111 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Rice, R. A., Spangenberg, E. E., Yamate-Morgan, H., Lee, R. J., Arora, R. P. S., Hernandez, M. X., Tenner, A. J., West, B. L., & Green, K. N. (2015) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0336-15.2015 · Cited by 270 · cited 2× · see citing works
“With these and other recent studies (Bialas and Stevens, 2013; Elmore et al., 2014; Parkhurst et al., 2013; Rice et al., 2015; Schafer et al., 2012; Stevens et al., 2007), microglia have emerged as crucial effectors of neuronal circuit remodeling in the developing and mature healthy brain (reviewed in Kettenmann et al.”
ResultElectron microscopy of neurons and neuroglia of cerebral cortex and corpus callosum
Schultz, R. L., Maynard, E. A., & Pease, D. C. (1957) · American Journal of Anatomy · doi:10.1002/aja.1001000305 · Cited by 254 · see citing works
Fractalkine receptor deficiency impairs microglial and neuronal responsiveness to chronic stress
Milior, G., Lecours, C., Samson, L., Bisht, K., Poggini, S., Pagani, F., Deflorio, C., Lauro, C., Alboni, S., Limatola, C., et al. (2015) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.07.024 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citationSanchez-Varo, R., Trujillo-Estrada, L., Sanchez-Mejias, E., Torres, M., Baglietto-Vargas, D., Moreno-Gonzalez, I., De Castro, V., Jimenez, S., Ruano, D., Vizuete, M., et al. (2012) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0896-x · Cited by 222 · see citing works
Microglia as modulators of cognition and neuropsychiatric disorders
Blank, T., & Prinz, M. (2012) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22372 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Galea, I., Palin, K., Newman, T. A., van Rooijen, N., Perry, V. H., & Boche, D. (2004) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.20124 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
Savage, J. C., Jay, T., Goduni, E., Quigley, C., Mariani, M. M., Malm, T., Ransohoff, R. M., Lamb, B. T., & Landreth, G. E. (2015) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4586-14.2015 · Cited by 154 · cited 2× · see citing works
“6D– F), suggesting that they could be the plaque-associated TREM2-positive myeloid cells which—regardless of their still debated origin (Rivest, 2015)—were recently shown to express the phagocytic effectors MERTK and AXL (Jay et al., 2015; Savage et al., 2015).”
BackgroundJoëls, M., & Krugers, H. J. (2007) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2007/93202 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Fractalkine Signaling and Microglia Functions in the Developing Brain
Arnoux, I., & Audinat, É. (2015) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2015/689404 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Ontogeny and Functions of Central Nervous System Macrophages
Katsumoto, A., Lu, H., Miranda, A. S., & Ransohoff, R. M. (2014) · The Journal of Immunology · doi:10.4049/jimmunol.1400716 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
THE FINE STRUCTURE OF THE RAT CEREBELLUM
Herndon, R. M. (1964) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.23.2.277 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Longitudinal follow-up of autophagy and inflammation in brain of APPswePS1dE9 transgenic mice
François, A., Bilan, A. R., Quellard, N., Fernandez, B., Janet, T., Chassaing, D., Paccalin, M., Terro, F., & Page, G. (2014) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-014-0139-x · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Shapiro, L. A., Perez, Z. D., Foresti, M. L., Arisi, G. M., & Ribak, C. E. (2009) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2009.02.031 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Microglia and Synapse: Interactions in Health and Neurodegeneration
Šišková, Z., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2013) · Neural Plasticity · doi:10.1155/2013/425845 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationThe hypothalamic median eminence and its role in reproductive aging
Yin, W., & Gore, A. C. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05518.x · Cited by 79 · see citing works
The Fine Structure of the Nervous System: The Neurons and Supporting Cells
Doyle, D. (1978) · Journal of Neurology Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.41.2.191-c · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Lu, S., Tremblay, M., King, I. L., Qi, J., Reynolds, H. M., Marker, D. F., Varrone, J. J., Majewska, A. K., Dewhurst, S., & Gelbard, H. A. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0023915 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Self-citationMarker, D. F., Tremblay, M., Puccini, J. M., Barbieri, J., Marker, M. A. G., Loweth, C. J., Muly, E. C., Lu, S., Goodfellow, V. S., Dewhurst, S., et al. (2013) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0598-13.2013 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Self-citationAudoy-Rémus, J., Bozoyan, L., Dumas, A., Filali, M., Lecours, C., Lacroix, S., Rivest, S., Tremblay, M., & Vallières, L. (2015) · Brain Behavior and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2015.01.010 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationGómez‐Nicola, D., Schetters, S. T. T., & Perry, V. H. (2014) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.22660 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationPreparation of Mouse Brain Tissue for Immunoelectron Microscopy
Tremblay, M., Riad, M., & Majewska, A. K. (2010) · Journal of Visualized Experiments · doi:10.3791/2021 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Self-citationBérubé, P., Poulin, J.-F., Laforest, S., & Drolet, G. (2013) · Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1038/npp.2013.316 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Bozoyan, L., Audoy-Rémus, J., Dumas, A., Filali, M., Lacroix, S., Rivest, S., Tremblay, M., & Vallières, L. (2014) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2014.08.351 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia in Health and Disease
(2014) · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1429-6 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationTREM2 enables amyloid β clearance by microglia.
Rivest, S. (2015) · Cell Research · doi:10.1038/cr.2015.37 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Cholinergic innervation and thalamic input in rat nucleus accumbens
Ligorio, M. A., Descarries, L., & Warren, R. A. (2008) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2008.08.003 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Tremblay, M., Marker, D. F., Puccini, J. M., Muly, E. C., Lu, S., & Gelbard, H. A. (2013) · Communicative & Integrative Biology · doi:10.4161/cib.27670 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationDeveloping and Mature Synapses
Tremblay, M., Paolicelli, R. C., Stevens, B., Wake, H., & Bessis, A. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1429-6_9 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Butovsky O, Jedrychowski MP, Cialic R, Krasemann S, Murugaiyan G, Fanek Z, Greco DJ, Wu PM, Doykan CE, Kiner O, Lawson RJ, Frosch MP, Pochet N, Fatimy RE, Krichevsky AM, Gygi SP, Lassmann H, Berry J, Cudkowicz ME, Weiner HL. 2014 Targeting miR‐155 restores abnormal microglia and attenuates disease in SOD1 mice. Ann Neurol 77: 75– 99. 25381879 PMC4432483
- Tremblay ME, Sierra A, editors. 2014 Microglia in health and disease. New York: Springer 486 pp.
- Tremblay ME, Stevens B, Sierra A, Wake H, Bessis A, Nimmerjahn A. 2011 The role of microglia in the healthy brain. J Neurosci 31: 16064– 16069. 22072657 PMC6633221
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neuroinflammation and microglial activation in Alzheimer disease: where do we go from here?
Leng, F., & Edison, P. (2021) · Nature Reviews Neurology · doi:10.1038/s41582-020-00435-y · Cited by 3,179 · see citing works
Microglia states and nomenclature: A field at its crossroads
Paolicelli, R. C., Sierra, A., Stevens, B., Tremblay, M.-E., Aguzzi, A., Ajami, B., Amit, I., Audinat, E., Bechmann, I., Bennett, M., et al. (2022) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2022.10.020 · Cited by 1,973 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia in neurodegeneration
Hickman, S., Izzy, S., Sen, P., Morsett, L., & El Khoury, J. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0242-x · Cited by 1,710 · see citing works
Microglia in Alzheimer's disease
Sarlus, H., & Heneka, M. T. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci90606 · Cited by 911 · see citing works
Tay, T. L., Savage, J. C., Hui, C. W., Bisht, K., & Tremblay, M. (2017) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1113/jp272134 · Cited by 562 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglial subtypes: diversity within the microglial community
Stratoulias, V., Venero, J. L., Tremblay, M., & Joseph, B. (2019) · The EMBO Journal · doi:10.15252/embj.2019101997 · Cited by 536 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia and Beyond: Innate Immune Cells As Regulators of Brain Development and Behavioral Function
Lenz, K. M., & Nelson, L. H. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00698 · Cited by 491 · see citing works
CNS inflammation and neurodegeneration
Chitnis, T., & Weiner, H. L. (2017) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci90609 · Cited by 484 · see citing works
Epigenetic regulation of brain region-specific microglia clearance activity
Ayata, P., Badimon, A., Strasburger, H. J., Duff, M. K., Montgomery, S. E., Loh, Y.-H. E., Ebert, A., Pimenova, A. A., Ramirez, B. R., Chan, A. T., et al. (2018) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-018-0192-3 · Cited by 460 · see citing works
Astrocytes and microglia: In sickness and in health
Vainchtein, I. D., & Molofsky, A. V. (2020) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2020.01.003 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
TREM2 in Neurodegenerative Diseases
Jay, T. R., von Saucken, V. E., & Landreth, G. E. (2017) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-017-0197-5 · Cited by 427 · see citing works
Silvin, A., Uderhardt, S., Piot, C., Da Mesquita, S., Yang, K., Geirsdottir, L., Mulder, K., Eyal, D., Liu, Z., Bridlance, C., et al. (2022) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2022.07.004 · Cited by 368 · see citing works
Bisht, K., Sharma, K. P., & Tremblay, M. (2018) · Neurobiology of Stress · doi:10.1016/j.ynstr.2018.05.003 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia Phenotypes in Aging and Neurodegenerative Diseases
Wendimu, M. Y., & Hooks, S. B. (2022) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells11132091 · Cited by 336 · see citing works
Hu, Y., Fryatt, G. L., Ghorbani, M., Obst, J., Menassa, D. A., Martin-Estebane, M., Muntslag, T. A. O., Olmos-Alonso, A., Guerrero-Carrasco, M., Thomas, D., et al. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109228 · Cited by 298 · see citing works
Self-citationMetabolic Reprograming of Microglia in the Regulation of the Innate Inflammatory Response
Lauro, C., & Limatola, C. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00493 · Cited by 315 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia, Lifestyle Stress, and Neurodegeneration
Madore, C., Yin, Z., Leibowitz, J. A., & Butovsky, O. (2020) · Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.immuni.2019.12.003 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Self-citationThe effects of microglia-associated neuroinflammation on Alzheimer’s disease
Wang, C., Zong, S., Cui, X., Wang, X., Wu, S., Wang, L., Liu, Y., & Lu, Z. (2023) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2023.1117172 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Bisht, K., Okojie, K. A., Sharma, K. P., Lentferink, D. H., Sun, Y., Chen, H., Uweru, J. O., Amancherla, S., Calcuttawala, Z., Campos-Salazar, A. B., et al. (2021) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-021-25590-8 · Cited by 296 · see citing works
Self-citationInflammation and the neural diathesis-stress hypothesis of schizophrenia: a reconceptualization
Howes, O. D., & McCutcheon, R. (2017) · Translational Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/tp.2016.278 · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Benedetto, S. D., Müller, L., Wenger, E., Düzel, S., & Pawelec, G. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.044 · Cited by 280 · see citing works
Impact of TREM2R47H variant on tau pathology–induced gliosis and neurodegeneration
Gratuze, M., Leyns, C. E. G., Sauerbeck, A. D., St-Pierre, M.-K., Xiong, M., Kim, N., Serrano, J. R., Tremblay, M.-È., Kummer, T. T., Colonna, M., et al. (2020) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci138179 · Cited by 252 · see citing works
Self-citationImmune hyperreactivity of Aβ plaque-associated microglia in Alzheimer's disease
Yin, Z., Raj, D., Saiepour, N., Van Dam, D., Brouwer, N., Holtman, I. R., Eggen, B. J. L., Möller, T., Tamm, J. A., Abdourahman, A., et al. (2017) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2017.03.021 · Cited by 238 · see citing works
Cellular senescence at the crossroads of inflammation and Alzheimer's disease
Guerrero, A., De Strooper, B., & Arancibia-Cárcamo, I. L. (2021) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2021.06.007 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Microglia and Alzheimer’s Disease
Merighi, S., Nigro, M., Travagli, A., & Gessi, S. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms232112990 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Microglia-neuron crosstalk: Signaling mechanism and control of synaptic transmission
Marinelli, S., Basilico, B., Marrone, M. C., & Ragozzino, D. (2019) · Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.05.017 · Cited by 233 · see citing works
Targeting Neuroinflammation to Treat Alzheimer’s Disease
Ardura-Fabregat, A., Boddeke, E., Boza‐Serrano, A., Brioschi, S., Castro‐Gomez, S., Ceyzériat, K., Dansokho, C., Dierkes, T., Gelders, G., Heneka, M. T., et al. (2017) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0483-3 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Morphology of Microglia Across Contexts of Health and Disease
Savage, J. C., Carrier, M., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2019) · Methods in Molecular Biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-9658-2_2 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
Self-citationPhagocytic clearance of presynaptic dystrophies by reactive astrocytes in Alzheimer's disease
Gomez‐Arboledas, A., Davila, J. C., Sanchez‐Mejias, E., Navarro, V., Nuñez‐Diaz, C., Sanchez‐Varo, R., Sanchez‐Mico, M. V., Trujillo‐Estrada, L., Fernandez‐Valenzuela, J. J., Vizuete, M., et al. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23270 · Cited by 220 · see citing works
Microglia Gone Rogue: Impacts on Psychiatric Disorders across the Lifespan
Tay, T. L., Béchade, C., D’Andrea, I., St‐Pierre, M., Henry, M. S., Roumier, A., & Tremblay, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00421 · Cited by 211 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia in multiple sclerosis: Friend or foe
Guerrero, B. L., & Sicotte, N. L. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.00374 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Old Maids: Aging and Its Impact on Microglia Function
Koellhoffer, E. C., McCullough, L. D., & Ritzel, R. M. (2017) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms18040769 · Cited by 205 · see citing works
Comer, A. L., Carrier, M., Tremblay, M., & Cruz‐Martín, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00274 · Cited by 204 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia-dependent synapse loss in type I interferon-mediated lupus
Bialas, A. R., Presumey, J., Das, A., van der Poel, C. E., Lapchak, P. H., Mesin, L., Victora, G., Tsokos, G. C., Mawrin, C., Herbst, R., et al. (2017) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature22821 · Cited by 197 · see citing works
RetractedThe impact of high and low dose ionising radiation on the central nervous system
Betlazar, C., Middleton, R., Banati, R., & Liu, G.-J. (2016) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2016.08.002 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Microglia as Dynamic Cellular Mediators of Brain Function
Wright-Jin, E. C., & Gutmann, D. H. (2019) · Trends in Molecular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.molmed.2019.08.013 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
Felsky, D., Roostaei, T., Nho, K., Risacher, S. L., Bradshaw, E. M., Petyuk, V., Schneider, J. A., Saykin, A., Bennett, D. A., & De Jager, P. L. (2019) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-018-08279-3 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Lau, V. Z., Ramer, L. M., & Tremblay, M. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-37304-3 · Cited by 168 · see citing works
Self-citationRitzel, R. M., Doran, S. J., Glaser, E. P., Meadows, V. E., Faden, A. I., Stoica, B. A., & Loane, D. J. (2019) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2019.02.010 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Hui, C. W., St-Pierre, A., Hajj, H. E., Remy, Y., Hébert, S. S., Luheshi, G. N., Srivastava, L. K., & Tremblay, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00013 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citationNeuropathobiology of COVID-19: The Role for Glia
Tremblay, M.-E., Madore, C., Bordeleau, M., Tian, L., & Verkhratsky, A. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.592214 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citationHuang, C., Wang, P., Xu, X., Zhang, Y., Gong, Y. L., Hu, W., Gao, M., Wu, Y. H., Ling, Y., Zhao, X., et al. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23241 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
An Integrative Approach to Neuroinflammation in Psychiatric disorders and Neuropathic Pain
Lurie, D. I. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Neuroscience · doi:10.1177/1179069518793639 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Lecours, C., Bordeleau, M., Cantin, L., Parent, M., Paolo, T. D., & Tremblay, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00282 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Self-citationLuo, A., Yan, J., Tang, X., Zhao, Y., Zhou, B., & Li, S. (2019) · Inflammopharmacology · doi:10.1007/s10787-018-00559-0 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
Lannes, N., Eppler, E., Etemad, S., Yotovski, P., & Filgueira, L. (2017) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.23106 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of Microglia in Brain Homeostasis and Proteopathy
Clayton, K. A., Enoo, A. A. V., & Ikezu, T. (2017) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2017.00680 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Transgenic Mouse Models of Alzheimer’s Disease: An Integrative Analysis
Sanchez-Varo, R. M., Mejias‐Ortega, M., Fernandez-Valenzuela, J. J., Nuñez‐Diaz, C., Cáceres-Palomo, L., Vegas‐Gomez, L., Sánchez‐Mejías, E., Trujillo‐Estrada, L., García‐León, J. A., Moreno‐González, I., et al. (2022) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms23105404 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
Piirainen, S., Youssef, A. M., Song, C., Kalueff, A. V., Landreth, G. E., Malm, T., & Tian, L. (2017) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.046 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Subramanian, J., Savage, J. C., & Tremblay, M. (2020) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.592607 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia in Aging and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Comparative Species Review
Edler, M. K., Mhatre-Winters, I., & Richardson, J. R. (2021) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells10051138 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
TREM2: Potential therapeutic targeting of microglia for Alzheimer's disease
Li, Y., Xu, H., Wang, H., Yang, K., Luan, J., & Wang, S. (2023) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115218 · Cited by 128 · see citing works
Microglia and Neonatal Brain Injury
Mallard, C. E., Tremblay, M., & Vexler, Z. S. (2018) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.023 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglial priming in Alzheimer’s disease
Li, J.-W., Zong, Y., Cao, X.-P., Tan, L., & Tan, L. (2018) · Annals of Translational Medicine · doi:10.21037/atm.2018.04.22 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Inflammatory mechanisms in neurodegeneration
Nichols, M. R., St‐Pierre, M., Wendeln, A., Makoni, N. J., Gouwens, L. K., Garrad, E. C., Sohrabi, M., Neher, J. J., Tremblay, M., & Combs, C. K. (2019) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/jnc.14674 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Self-citationMicroglia maintain structural integrity during fetal brain morphogenesis
Lawrence, A. R., Canzi, A., Bridlance, C., Olivié, N., Lansonneur, C., Catale, C., Pizzamiglio, L., Kloeckner, B., Silvin, A., Munro, D. A. D., et al. (2024) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2024.01.012 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Ultrastructural evidence of microglial heterogeneity in Alzheimer’s disease amyloid pathology
El Hajj, H., Savage, J. C., Bisht, K., Parent, M., Vallières, L., Rivest, S., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2019) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1473-9 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Self-citationPuntambekar, S. S., Moutinho, M., Lin, P. B.-C., Jadhav, V., Tumbleson-Brink, D., Balaji, A., Benito, M. A., Xu, G., Oblak, A., Lasagna-Reeves, C. A., et al. (2022) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-022-00545-9 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Groh, J., Knöpper, K., Arampatzi, P., Yuan, X., Lößlein, L., Saliba, A.-E., Kastenmüller, W., & Martini, R. (2021) · Nature Aging · doi:10.1038/s43587-021-00049-z · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Inflammatory Events Following Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH)
Schneider, U. C., Xu, R., & Vajkoczy, P. (2018) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x16666180412110919 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Gaikwad, S., Senapati, S., Haque, M. A., & Kayed, R. (2024) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1002/alz.13490 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Decoding microglial immunometabolism: a new frontier in Alzheimer's disease research
Jung, E. S., Choi, H., & Mook-Jung, I. (2025) · Molecular Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s13024-025-00825-0 · Cited by 124 · see citing works
From Healthy Aging to Frailty: In Search of the Underlying Mechanisms
Brivio, P., Paladini, M. S., Racagni, G., Riva, M. A., Calabrese, F., & Molteni, R. (2019) · Current Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.2174/0929867326666190717152739 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Han, J., Zhu, K., Zhang, X., & Harris, R. A. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23529 · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Brain Ultrastructure: Putting the Pieces Together
Nahirney, P. C., & Tremblay, M. (2021) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2021.629503 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
Self-citationAugusto‐Oliveira, M., Arrifano, G. D. P., Delage, C. I., Tremblay, M., Lopez, M. E. C., & Verkhratsky, A. (2021) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12797 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationXia, Y., Xiao, Y., Wang, Z.-H., Liu, X., Alam, A. M., Haran, J. P., McCormick, B. A., Shu, X., Wang, X., & Ye, K. (2023) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-023-41283-w · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus
Basilico, B., Ferrucci, L., Ratano, P., Golia, M. T., Grimaldi, A., Rosito, M., Ferretti, V., Reverte, I., Sanchini, C., Marrone, M. C., et al. (2021) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.24101 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Self-citationMullane, K., & Williams, M. J. (2020) · Biochemical Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.bcp.2020.113945 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Savage, J. C., St‐Pierre, M., Carrier, M., Hajj, H. E., Novak, S. W., Sánchez, M. G., Cicchetti, F., & Tremblay, M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01782-9 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Self-citationBehavioral stress alters corticolimbic microglia in a sex- and brain region-specific manner
Bollinger, J. L., Collins, K. E., Patel, R., & Wellman, C. L. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0187631 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Role of Chemokines in the Development and Progression of Alzheimer’s Disease
Wojcieszak, J., Kuczyńska, K., & Zawilska, J. B. (2022) · Journal of Molecular Neuroscience · doi:10.1007/s12031-022-02047-1 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Stratoulias, V., Ruiz, R., Kanatani, S., Osman, A. M., Keane, L., Armengol, J. A., Rodríguez-Moreno, A., Murgoci, A.-N., García-Domínguez, I., Alonso-Bellido, I., et al. (2023) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/s41593-023-01326-3 · Cited by 96 · see citing works
Self-citationFate of microglia during HIV‐1 infection: From activation to senescence?
Chen, N. C., Partridge, A. T., Sell, C., Torres, C. A., & Martín‐García, J. (2016) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23081 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
A neurodegenerative cellular stress response linked to dark microglia and toxic lipid secretion
Flury, A. G., Aljayousi, L., Park, H.-J., Khakpour, M., Mechler, J., Aziz, S., McGrath, J. D., Deme, P., Sandberg, C., Ibáñez, F. G., et al. (2024) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2024.11.018 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Self-citationSavage, J. C., Picard, K., Ibáñez, F. G., & Tremblay, M. (2018) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2018.00803 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Self-citationThe emerging tale of microglia in psychiatric disorders
Rahimian, R., Wakid, M., O’Leary, L. A., & Mechawar, N. (2021) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.09.023 · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Castro‐Sánchez, S., García‐Yagüe, Á. J., López‐Royo, T., Casarejos, M. J., Lanciego, J. L., & Lastres‐Becker, I. (2018) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23338 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Rifaai, R. A., Mokhemer, S. A., Saber, E. A., El‐Aleem, S. A. A., & El‐Tahawy, N. F. G. (2020) · Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy · doi:10.1016/j.jchemneu.2020.101795 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Bordeleau, M., Lacabanne, C., Fernández de Cossío, L., Vernoux, N., Savage, J. C., González-Ibáñez, F., & Tremblay, M.-È. (2020) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01914-1 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationSimon, E., Obst, J., & Gomez-Nicola, D. (2019) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.01.059 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Duffy, S. S., Keating, B. A., Perera, C. J., Lees, J. G., Tonkin, R. S., Makker, P. G. S., Carrive, P., Butovsky, O., & Moalem‐Taylor, G. (2019) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1815-18.2019 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Self-citationHashemiaghdam, A., & Mroczek, M. (2020) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2020.577185 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Jurcău, M. C., Jurcău, A., Cristian, A., Hogea, V. O., Diaconu, R. G., & Nunkoo, V. S. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms251910535 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Shen, Z., Bao, X., & Wang, R. (2018) · Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnagi.2018.00314 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
In Vivo TSPO Signal and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Tournier, B. B., Tsartsalis, S., Ceyzériat, K., Garibotto, V., & Millet, P. (2020) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells9091941 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Lowery, R. L., Tremblay, M., Hopkins, B. E., & Majewska, A. K. (2017) · Glia · doi:10.1002/glia.23192 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Self-citationDifferent phenotypes of microglia in animal models of Alzheimer disease
Wei, Y., & Li, X. (2022) · Immunity & Ageing · doi:10.1186/s12979-022-00300-0 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Burns, J. C., Cotleur, B., Walther, D. M., Bajrami, B., Rubino, S. J., Wei, R., Franchimont, N., Cotman, S. L., Ransohoff, R. M., & Mingueneau, M. (2020) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.57495 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Structural and Functional Remodeling of the Brain Vasculature Following Stroke
Andrade, M. F., Raman‐Nair, J., & Lacoste, B. (2020) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2020.00948 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Sleep Disturbance in Bipolar Disorder: Neuroglia and Circadian Rhythms
Steardo, L., de Filippis, R., Carbone, E. A., Segura‐Garcìa, C., Verkhratsky, A., & Fazio, P. D. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00501 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Picard, K., St‐Pierre, M., Vecchiarelli, H. A., Bordeleau, M., & Tremblay, M. (2021) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2021.104987 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Self-citationTREM2 regulates innate immunity in Alzheimer’s disease
Li, J.-T., & Zhang, Y. (2018) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1148-y · Cited by 76 · see citing works
St‐Pierre, M., Carrier, M., Ibáñez, F. G., Šimončičová, E., Wallman, M., Vallières, L., Parent, M., & Tremblay, M. (2022) · Journal of Neuroinflammation · doi:10.1186/s12974-022-02595-8 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Self-citationBussi, C., Ramos, J. M. P., Arroyo, D. S., Gallea, J. I., Ronchi, P., Kolovou, A., Wang, J. M., Florey, O., Celej, M. S., Schwab, Y., et al. (2018) · Journal of Cell Science · doi:10.1242/jcs.226241 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Danger-Sensing/Patten Recognition Receptors and Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer’s Disease
Chiarini, A., Armato, U., Hu, P., & Prà, I. D. (2020) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms21239036 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
More than meets the eye: The role of microglia in healthy and diseased retina
Murenu, E., Gerhardt, M.-J., Biel, M., & Michalakis, S. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.1006897 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Neuroinflammation and Glial Phenotypic Changes in Alpha-Synucleinopathies
Refolo, V., & Stefanova, N. (2019) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00263 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Microglia in Ischemic Stroke: Pathogenesis Insights and Therapeutic Challenges
Shui, X., Chen, J., Fu, Z., Zhu, H., Tao, H., & Li, Z. (2024) · Journal of Inflammation Research · doi:10.2147/jir.s461795 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Untangling senescent and damage‐associated microglia in the aging and diseased brain
Ng, P. Y., McNeely, T. L., & Baker, D. J. (2023) · The FEBS Journal · doi:10.1111/febs.16315 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
- Authors
- Bisht, K., Sharma, K. P., Lecours, C., Gabriela Sánchez, M., El Hajj, H., Milior, G., Olmos‐Alonso, A., Gómez‐Nicola, D., Luheshi, G., Vallières, L., Branchi, I., Maggi, L., Limatola, C., Butovsky, O., & Tremblay, M.
- Affiliations
- Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval (CA)
- Axe Neurosciences Centre De Recherche Du CHU De Québec Québec Québec Canada
- Istituto Pasteur (IT)
- University of Southampton (GB)
- Douglas Mental Health University Institute (CA)
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità (IT)
- Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Tremblay, Marie‐Ève
- ORCID
- Venue
- Glia
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2016-02-05
- Volume
- 64
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 826-839
- ISSN
- 0894-1491 (ISSN-L)
- 1098-1136
- PMC
- PMC4949554
- OpenAlex
- W2256955303
- Cited by
- 421
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 44 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 42 · 2019: 42 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 12
- FWCI
- 20.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Glia (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (acceptedVersion)
- IRIS Research product catalog (Sapienza University of Rome) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) (RGPIN-2014-05308)
- Medical Research Council (MR/K022687/1)
- The Banting Research Foundation
- The Scottish Rite Charitable Foundation of Canada
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neuroinflammation and Neurodegeneration Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Neurological Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Keywords
- microglial phenotype, oxidative stress, chronic stress, aging, CX3CR1, Alzheimer's disease, APP/PS1 mice, amyloid plaques, TREM2, synaptic loss, dendritic spines, axon terminals, hippocampus, cerebral cortex, amygdala, hypothalamus
- MeSH terms
- CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1, Formyltetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase, Aging, Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Alzheimer Disease, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors, Animals, Cerebral Cortex, Disease Models, Animal, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Mice, Transgenic, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Phenotype, Stress, Psychological, Antigens, CD, Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor, Microglia, Receptors, Chemokine, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Mice, Presenilin-1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
