Cited by 799Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular DiseasesAdipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic DiseasesCardiovascular Disease and Adiposity

Inflammation in Atherosclerosis: Transition From Theory to Practice

Open access
Libby, Peter, Okamoto, Yoshihisa, Rocha, Viviane Z., Folco, Eduardo·2010·Circulation Journal

Abstract

Inflammation drives the formation, progression, and rupture of atherosclerotic plaques. Experimental studies have demonstrated that an inflammatory subset of monocytes/macrophages preferentially accumulate in atherosclerotic plaque and produce proinflammatory cytokines. T lymphocytes can contribute to inflammatory processes that promote thrombosis by stimulating production of collagen-degrading proteinases and the potent procoagulant tissue factor. Recent data link obesity, inflammation, and modifiers of atherosclerotic events, a nexus of growing clinical concern given the worldwide increase in the prevalence of obesity. Modulators of inflammation derived from visceral adipose tissue evoke production of acute phase reactants in the liver, implicated in thrombogenesis and clot stability. Additionally, C-reactive protein levels rise with increasing levels of visceral adipose tissue. Adipose tissue in obese mice contains increased numbers of macrophages and T lymphocytes, increased T lymphocyte activation, and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) expression. IFN-gamma deficiency in mice reduces production of inflammatory cytokines and inflammatory cell accumulation in adipose tissue. Another series of in vitro and in vivo mouse experiments affirmed that adiponectin, an adipocytokine, the plasma levels of which drop with obesity, acts as an endogenous antiinflammatory modulator of both innate and adaptive immunity in atherogenesis. Thus, accumulating experimental evidence supports a key role for inflammation as a link between risk factors for atherosclerosis and the biology that underlies the complications of this disease. The recent JUPITER trial supports the clinical utility of an assessment of inflammatory status in guiding intervention to limit cardiovascular events. Inflammation is thus moving from a theoretical concept to a tool that provides practical clinical utility in risk assessment and targeting of therapy.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0706

Cites

166 of 166 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Innate and adaptive immune activation drives atherogenesis from early endothelial dysfunction to acute thrombotic complications.

    “Activation of both innate and adaptive immunity actively contributes to the initiation and progression of atherogenesis, from early endothelial dysfunction to the development of acute thrombotic complications”

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

1 retracted

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Libby, P., Okamoto, Y., Rocha, V. Z., & Folco, E.
Affiliations
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital (US)
  • Nippon Medical School (JP)
Venue
Circulation Journal
Published
2010
Volume
74
Issue
2
Pages
213-220
ISSN
  • 1346-9843 (ISSN-L)
  • 1347-4820
OpenAlex
W2147181044
Cited by
799
References
166
Citations by year
2026: 17 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 27 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 46 · 2018: 41 · 2017: 47 · 2016: 42 · 2015: 62 · 2014: 60 · 2013: 67 · 2012: 95
FWCI
7.46
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Circulation Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Adipokines, Inflammation, and Metabolic Diseases
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Disease and Adiposity
Keywords
inflammation, atherosclerosis, atherosclerotic plaque rupture, monocytes/macrophages, T cells, thrombosis, tissue factor, obesity, visceral adipose tissue, C-reactive protein, interferon-gamma, adiponectin, acute phase proteins, atherogenesis, cardiovascular risk assessment, JUPITER trial
MeSH terms
Adipose Tissue, Animals, Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Cardiovascular Agents, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Immunity, Innate, Inflammation, Monocytes, Obesity, Risk Factors, Thrombosis, Signal Transduction, Inflammation Mediators, Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors, Atherosclerosis, Adiponectin, Adaptive Immunity, Translational Research, Biomedical

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review