The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 25 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Pandemic Schooling Mode and Student Test Scores: Evidence from US School Districts
Open accessAbstract
We estimate the impact of district-level schooling mode (in-person versus hybrid or virtual learning) in the 2020–2021 school year on students’ pass rates on standardized tests in grades 3–8 across 11 states. Pass rates declined from 2019 to 2021: an average of 12.8 percentage points in math and 6.8 in English language arts (ELA). Focusing on within-state, within–commuting zone variation in schooling mode, we estimate that districts with full in-person learning had significantly smaller declines (13.4 pp in math, 8.3 in ELA). The value to in-person learning was larger for districts with larger populations of Black students. (JEL H75, I12, I18, I21, I28, J15)
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Cites
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Chetty, R., Friedman, J. N., Stepner, M., & The Opportunity Insights Team (2020) · National Bureau of Economic Research · doi:10.3386/w27431 · Cited by 716
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Zooming to Class? Experimental Evidence on College Students’ Online Learning during COVID-19
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Building Resilient Education Systems: Evidence from Large-Scale Randomized Trials in Five Countries
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Metadata
- Authors
- Jack, R., Halloran, C., Okun, J., & Oster, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Nebraska–Lincoln (US)
- Brown University (US)
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
- National Bureau of Economic Research (US)
- ORCID
- Jack, Rebecca
- Venue
- American Economic Review: Insights
- Publisher
- American Economic Association
- Published
- 2023-06-01
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 173-190
- ISSN
- 2640-205X (ISSN-L)
- 2640-2068
- OpenAlex
- W4379932759
- Cited by
- 103
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 21
- FWCI
- 71.88
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.aeaweb.org
- Locations
- American Economic Review Insights (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Education during COVID-19 pandemic
- Social Sciences › Education › School Choice and Performance
- Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › COVID-19 Pandemic Impacts
- Keywords
- COVID-19 pandemic, in-person learning, hybrid learning, virtual learning, academic performance, school districts, commuting zones, Black students, 2020-2021 academic year
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