MyD88: a central player in innate immune signaling
Open accessAbstract
MyD88 is the canonical adaptor for inflammatory signaling pathways downstream of members of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) receptor families. MyD88 links IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) or TLR family members to IL-1R-associated kinase (IRAK) family kinases via homotypic protein-protein interaction. Activation of IRAK family kinases leads to a variety of functional outputs, including the activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NFκB), mitogen-activated protein kinases, and activator protein 1, making MyD88 a central node of inflammatory pathways. As more details of MyD88-dependent signaling have been elucidated, it has become clear that the functions of this critical signaling component can be influenced by multiple interaction partners in distinct subcellular compartments. In this review, we will focus on recent developments in the understanding of the assembly of MyD88 signaling complexes and the mechanisms leading to the diversification of MyD88-based signaling.
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The nature of the TLR9 response-IFN type I or pro-inflammatory cytokine production-is dependent on the class of CpG motif and the composition of phospholipids in the membrane incorporating TLR9.
“Deguine and Barton have shown that the nature of the TLR9 response-IFN type I or pro-inflammatory cytokine production is dependent on the class of CpG motif (class A or B) and the composition of phospholipids in the membrane incorporating TLR9.”
From Risk mitigation of immunogenicity: a key to personalized retinal gene therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
The pro-inflammatory cytokine response requires a localization motif in the tail of TLR9 while the anti-inflammatory IFN type I response requires the AP-3 adaptor.
“It has also been demonstrated that the pro-inflammatory cytokine response requires a localization motif in the tail of TLR9 while the anti-inflammatory IFN type I response, by contrast, requires the AP-3 adaptor [89].”
From Risk mitigation of immunogenicity: a key to personalized retinal gene therapy (2021) · cites this paper as [89]
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- Authors
- Deguine, J., & Barton, G. M.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Berkeley (US)
- Corresponding author
- Deguine, Jacques
- Barton, Gregory M.
- Venue
- F1000Prime Reports
- Publisher
- H1 Connect
- Published
- 2014-11-04
- Volume
- 6
- Pages
- 97-97
- ISSN
- 2051-7599 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4229726
- OpenAlex
- W2158738222
- Cited by
- 692
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2026: 50 · 2025: 86 · 2024: 104 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 85 · 2020: 60 · 2019: 56 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 14
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- F1000Prime Reports (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Burroughs Wellcome Fund
- Lupus Research Institute
- Lupus Research Alliance
- National Institutes of Health
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Immune Response and Inflammation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › NF-κB Signaling Pathways
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Inflammasome and immune disorders
- Keywords
- MyD88, Toll-like receptors, interleukin-1 receptor, innate immune signaling, NF-κB activation, MAPK signaling, activator protein-1, signaling complex assembly, protein-protein interaction, subcellular compartmentalization
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