Respiration modulates oscillatory neural network activity at rest
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Abstract
Despite recent advances in understanding how respiration affects neural signalling to influence perception, cognition, and behaviour, it is yet unclear to what extent breathing modulates brain oscillations at rest. We acquired respiration and resting state magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from human participants to investigate if, where, and how respiration cyclically modulates oscillatory amplitudes (2 to 150 Hz). Using measures of phase–amplitude coupling, we show respiration-modulated brain oscillations (RMBOs) across all major frequency bands. Sources of these modulations spanned a widespread network of cortical and subcortical brain areas with distinct spectrotemporal modulation profiles. Globally, delta and gamma band modulations varied with distance to the head centre, with stronger modulations at distal (versus central) cortical sites. Overall, we provide the first comprehensive mapping of RMBOs across the entire brain, highlighting respiration–brain coupling as a fundamental mechanism to shape neural processing within canonical resting state and respiratory control networks (RCNs).
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Respiration-locked modulations were also reported in the human posterior cingulate cortex.
“Respiration-locked modulations were also reported in the human posterior cingulate cortex 140,148 .”
From Interoceptive rhythms in the brain (2023) · cites this paper as [148]
A whole-brain investigation in humans during resting-state reveals an even larger array of regions coupled with respiration, including nodes of the default, saliency and dorsal attention networks as well as cerebellum.
“Finally, a whole-brain investigation in humans during resting-state reveals an even larger array of regions coupled with respiration, including nodes of the default, saliency and dorsal attention networks as well as cerebellum 148 .”
From Interoceptive rhythms in the brain (2023) · cites this paper as [148]
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Using Martial Arts Training as Exercise Therapy Can Benefit All Ages
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Respiration as a dynamic modulator of sensory sampling
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Self-citationSleuthing subjectivity: a review of covert measures of consciousness
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From nasal respiration to brain dynamic
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- Authors
- Kluger, D. S., & Gross, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Münster (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Kluger, Daniel S.
- Venue
- PLOS Biology
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2021-11-11
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e3001457
- ISSN
- 1544-9173 (ISSN-L)
- 1545-7885
- PMC
- PMC8610250
- OpenAlex
- W3212678354
- Cited by
- 148
- References
- 68
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 38 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 4
- FWCI
- 10.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- new_version (2021-11-23)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS Biology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- ENLIGHTEN (Jurnal Bimbingan dan Konseling Islam) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) of the medical faculty of Muenster (Gro3/001/19)
- German Research Foundation (GR 2024/5-1)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Neuroscience of respiration and sleep
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Functional Brain Connectivity Studies
- Keywords
- respiration, neural oscillations, resting state, phase-amplitude coupling, delta oscillations, gamma oscillations, cortical sources, spectrotemporal modulation, magnetoencephalography
- MeSH terms
- Cerebral Cortex, Female, Humans, Male, Nerve Net, Respiration, Rest, Time Factors, Young Adult
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