DNA methylation: Insights into human evolution
Open accessAbstract
A fundamental initiative for evolutionary biologists is to understand the molecular basis underlying phenotypic diversity. A long-standing hypothesis states that species-specific traits may be explained by differences in gene regulation rather than differences at the protein level. Over the past few years, evolutionary studies have shifted from mere sequence comparisons to integrative analyses in which gene regulation is key to understanding species evolution. DNA methylation is an important epigenetic modification involved in the regulation of numerous biological processes. Nevertheless, the evolution of the human methylome and the processes driving such changes are poorly understood. Here, we review the close interplay between Cytosine-phosphate-Guanine (CpG) methylation and the underlying genome sequence, as well as its evolutionary impact. We also summarize the latest advances in the field, revisiting the main literature on human and nonhuman primates. We hope to encourage the scientific community to address the many challenges posed by the field of comparative epigenomics.
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Epigenetic adaptive plasticity is considered to affect speciation.
“Along these lines, epigenetic adaptive plasticity is considered to affect speciation (for review see Hernando-Herraez, Garcia-Perez, Sharp, & Marques-Bonet, 2015).”
From The applied implications of epigenetics in anxiety, affective and stress-related disorders - A review and synthesis on psychosocial stress, psychotherapy and prevention (2020) · cites this paper as Hernando-Herraez, Garcia-Perez, Sharp, & Marques-Bonet, 2015
The ‘Inheritance of Epigenetic Variation’ section (page unavailable) reports a proposal that environmentally responsive epigenetic changes could be adaptive and might influence species evolution. It does not specifically say they affect speciation, and it cautions that there is no solid evidence for the proposed adaptive role, particularly in mammals. (LLM, conf=0.84)
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- Authors
- Hernando-Herraez, I., Garcia-Perez, R., Sharp, A. J., & Marques-Bonet, T.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (ES)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Sharp, Andrew J.
- Venue
- PLOS Genetics
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2015-12-10
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- e1005661
- ISSN
- 1553-7390 (ISSN-L)
- 1553-7404
- PMC
- PMC4684328
- OpenAlex
- W2192647662
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 99
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 16
- FWCI
- 1.16
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS Genetics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- DIGITAL.CSIC (Spanish National Research Council (CSIC)) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- March of Dimes Foundation (6-FY13-92)
- Generalitat de Catalunya
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats
- Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (BFU2014-55090-P)
- National Institutes of Health (1r01da033660-01, 6-FY13-92, DA033660)
- Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH097018, R01MH097018)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA033660, R01-DA033660)
- National Human Genome Research Institute (HG006696, R01HG006696)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R03HD073731, HD073731)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Keywords
- DNA methylation, human evolution, CpG methylation, gene expression regulation, epigenetics, comparative epigenomics, non-human primates, phenotypic diversity
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Primates, Genome, Human, CpG Islands, Evolution, Molecular, DNA Methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic
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