The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Analysis of the lung microbiome in the “healthy” smoker and in COPD.
Open accessAbstract
Although culture-independent techniques have shown that the lungs are not sterile, little is known about the lung microbiome in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We used pyrosequencing of 16S amplicons to analyze the lung microbiome in two ways: first, using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) to sample the distal bronchi and air-spaces; and second, by examining multiple discrete tissue sites in the lungs of six subjects removed at the time of transplantation. We performed BAL on three never-smokers (NS) with normal spirometry, seven smokers with normal spirometry ("healthy smokers", HS), and four subjects with COPD (CS). Bacterial 16 s sequences were found in all subjects, without significant quantitative differences between groups. Both taxonomy-based and taxonomy-independent approaches disclosed heterogeneity in the bacterial communities between HS subjects that was similar to that seen in healthy NS and two mild COPD patients. The moderate and severe COPD patients had very limited community diversity, which was also noted in 28% of the healthy subjects. Both approaches revealed extensive membership overlap between the bacterial communities of the three study groups. No genera were common within a group but unique across groups. Our data suggests the existence of a core pulmonary bacterial microbiome that includes Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, and Porphyromonas. Most strikingly, there were significant micro-anatomic differences in bacterial communities within the same lung of subjects with advanced COPD. These studies are further demonstration of the pulmonary microbiome and highlight global and micro-anatomic changes in these bacterial communities in severe COPD patients.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Under certain conditions, Streptococcus gordonii can attack host fibronectin, and subsequent cytokine production can induce inflammatory responses (Erb-Downward et al., 2011; Liu et al., 2018).”
From Oral Microbiome and SARS-CoV-2: Beware of Lung Co-infection (2020) · cites this paper as Erb-Downward et al., 2011
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
vegan: Community Ecology Package
Oksanen, J., Simpson, G. L., Blanchet, F. G., Kindt, R., Legendre, P., Minchin, P. R., O’Hara, R. B., Sólymos, P., Stevens, M. H. H., Szöcs, E., et al. (2001) · doi:10.32614/cran.package.vegan · Cited by 27,099
Schloss, P. D., Westcott, S. L., Ryabin, T., Hall, J. R., Hartmann, M., Hollister, E. B., Lesniewski, R. A., Oakley, B. B., Parks, D. H., Robinson, C. J., et al. (2009) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.01541-09 · Cited by 21,481
Naive Bayesian Classifier for Rapid Assignment of rRNA Sequences into the New Bacterial Taxonomy
Wang, Q., Garrity, G. M., Tiedje, J. M., & Cole, J. R. (2007) · Applied and Environmental Microbiology · doi:10.1128/aem.00062-07 · Cited by 20,145
Vestbo, J., Hurd, S. S., Agustí, A. G., Jones, P. W., Vogelmeier, C., Anzueto, A., Barnes, P. J., Fabbri, L. M., Martinez, F. J., Nishimura, M., et al. (2013) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201204-0596pp · Cited by 15,983
An Ordination of the Upland Forest Communities of Southern Wisconsin
Bray, J. R., & Curtis, J. T. (1957) · Ecological Monographs · doi:10.2307/1942268 · Cited by 11,736
Obesity alters gut microbial ecology
Ley, R. E., Bäckhed, F., Turnbaugh, P., Lozupone, C. A., Knight, R. D., & Gordon, J. I. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0504978102 · Cited by 6,176
Rabe, K. F., Hurd, S., Anzueto, A., Barnes, P. J., Buist, S. A., Calverley, P., Fukuchi, Y., Jenkins, C., Rodriguez-Roisin, R., van Weel, C., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-456so · Cited by 4,925
Frank, D. N., St. Amand, A. L., Feldman, R. A., Boedeker, E. C., Harpaz, N., & Pace, N. R. (2007) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0706625104 · Cited by 4,611
Spirometric Reference Values from a Sample of the General U.S. Population
Hankinson, J., Odencrantz, J. R., & Fedan, K. B. (1999) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.9712108 · Cited by 4,220
Topographical and Temporal Diversity of the Human Skin Microbiome
Grice, E. A., Kong, H. H., Conlan, S., Deming, C. B., Davis, J., Young, A. C., Program, N. C. S., Bouffard, G. G., Blakesley, R. W., Murray, P. R., et al. (2009) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1171700 · Cited by 2,953
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 42 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- C Fletcher, 1978, Community Health., J Epidemiol, 32, 282
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 970
Le microbiome pulmonaire en 2015
Andréjak, C., & Delhaès, L. (2015) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/20153111011 · Cited by 12
Gut microbiome metabolites in lung cancer: The emerging importance of short-chain fatty acids
Bishoyi, A. K., Al-Hasnaawei, S., Salem, K. H., Ganesan, S., Shankhyan, A., Nanda, A., Sinha, A., Ray, S., Nathiya, D., & Hammady, F. J. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.115821 · Cited by 11
Yifei Sanjie Formula Treats Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease by Remodeling Pulmonary Microbiota
Wu, Y., Meng, H., Qiao, B., Li, N., Zhang, Q., Jia, W., Xing, H., Li, Y., Yuan, J., & Yang, Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Medicine · doi:10.3389/fmed.2022.927607 · Cited by 11
“Pathogens stimulate inflammatory cells to produce inflammatory media that often destroy the immune function of the airway and mucosa, leading to chronic inflammation and pulmonary microbiota dysbiosis, further aggravating COPD (17).”
BackgroundKryuchkova-Mostacci, N., Wüthrich, T. M., Siegwald, L., Kieser, S., Steinberg, R., Sakwińska, O., Latzin, P., Korten, I., & Hilty, M. (2023) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.00724-23 · Cited by 10
“Disordered microbiota patterns have also been observed in other conditions like asthma (5), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (6– 9), and interstitial lung disease (10), where bacterial respiratory infections are not known to be the main drivers of disease.”
BackgroundMicrobial Composition of the Laryngotracheal Region: A Systematic Review
Sragi, Z., Vasan, V., Laitman, B. M., Rivera‐Rivera, G., Powers, A. E., Dickstein, D. R., Kirke, D. N., & Courey, M. S. (2024) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1002/lary.31453 · Cited by 10
KavianFar, A., Taherkhani, H., Lanjanian, H., Aminnezhad, S., Ahmadi, A., Jamalkandi, S. A., & Masoudi‐Nejad, A. (2025) · Heliyon · doi:10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e42719 · Cited by 11
“This finding agrees with other studies that reported a decline in genus diversity during disease progression [22,25,49].”
InfluentialFukui, S., Morimoto, S., Ichinose, K., Nakashima, S., Ishimoto, H., Hara, A., Kakugawa, T., Sakamoto, N., Tsuji, Y., Aramaki, T., et al. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-66178-4 · Cited by 10
Lung microbiota dysbiosis and the implications of SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy
Ezechukwu, H. C., Diya, C. A., Egoh, I. J., Abiodun, M. J., Grace, J.-U. A., Okoh, G. R., Adu, K. T., & Adegboye, O. A. (2021) · Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease · doi:10.1177/20499361211032453 · Cited by 10
Jin, X. E. F., Low, D. Y., Ang, L., Lu, L., Yin, X. H., Tan, Y., Lee, A. K. Y., & Seow, W. J. (2023) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2023.116392 · Cited by 10
Yadav, B., Bhattacharya, S. S., Rosen, L., Nagpal, R., Yadav, H., & Yadav, J. S. (2024) · Nanomaterials · doi:10.3390/nano14030314 · Cited by 10
van der Does, A. M., Amatngalim, G. D., Keijser, B. J. F., Hiemstra, P. S., & Villenave, R. (2018) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines6030049 · Cited by 10
“The composition of the lung microbiota in COPD patients is however strongly altered, with larger proportion of Firmicutes [55] or Proteobacteria (usually associated with bacterial exacerbations) and less Bacteroidetes than in healthy individuals [55].”
BackgroundInfluentialVariations of the lung microbiome and immune response in mechanically ventilated surgical patients
Huebinger, R. M., Smith, A. D., Zhang, Y., Monson, N. L., Ireland, S. J., Barber, R. C., Kubasiak, J., Minshall, C. T., Minei, J. P., Wolf, S. E., et al. (2018) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205788 · Cited by 10
Personalizing the Management of Pneumonia
Gautam, S., Sharma, L., & Cruz, C. S. D. (2018) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2018.08.008 · Cited by 10
Wunderink, R. G. (2016) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-7020-6285-8.00028-9 · Cited by 9
Rangaraju, M., & Turner, A. M. (2020) · Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Journal of the COPD Foundation · doi:10.15326/jcopdf.7.3.2019.0177 · Cited by 10
“There is growing evidence that the bacteria we culture are not the only relevant part of the microbial environment, with studies in other airway diseases demonstrating changes in inflammation(54) and clinical phenotype dependent on type of microorganisms, as measured by 16s DNA analysis(55, 56), and on outcome, specif…”
BackgroundThe environment shapes swine lung bacterial communities
McCumber, A. W., Kim, Y. J., Isikhuemhen, O. S., Tighe, R. M., & Gunsch, C. K. (2020) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143623 · Cited by 10
Development of a robust protocol for the characterization of the pulmonary microbiota
Dumont-Leblond, N., Veillette, M., Racine, C., Joubert, P., & Duchaine, C. (2021) · Communications Biology · doi:10.1038/s42003-021-01690-5 · Cited by 11
Repeated bronchoscopy in health and obstructive lung disease: is the airway microbiome stable?
Nielsen, R., Xue, Y., Jonassen, I., Haaland, I., Kommedal, Ø., Wiker, H. G., Drengenes, C., Bakke, P. S., & Eagan, T. (2021) · BMC Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12890-021-01687-0 · Cited by 11
Differences of the Nasal Microbiome and Mycobiome by Clinical Characteristics of COPD Patients
Baumgartner, M. A., Li, C., Kuntz, T. M., Nurhussien, L., Synn, A. J., Sun, W. Y., Kang, J., Lai, P. S., Wilkinson, J. E., & Rice, M. B. (2022) · Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Journal of the COPD Foundation · doi:10.15326/jcopdf.2021.0267 · Cited by 11
Automated bacterial identification by angle resolved dark-field imaging
Wilson, B. K., & Vigil, G. D. (2013) · Biomedical Optics Express · doi:10.1364/boe.4.001692 · Cited by 10
Ericsson, A. C., Personett, A. R., Rindt, H., Grobman, M., & Reinero, C. R. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228085 · Cited by 10
Aliouat‐Denis, C., Chabé, M., Delhaès, L., & Dei‐Cas, E. (2013) · Revista Iberoamericana de Micología · doi:10.1016/j.riam.2013.10.006 · Cited by 10
“Of 10 genes that were present in all pathogenic fungi analyzed and absent in the human genome, they focused on 4 candidates: trr1 that encodes for thioredoxin reductase, rim8 that encodes for a protein involved in the proteolytic activation of a transcriptional factor in response to alkaline pH, kre2 that encodes for…”
Huang, Y. J., Lynch, S. V., & Wiener-Kronish, J. P. (2012) · American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1164/rccm.201111-2030ed · Cited by 10
Zhu, Y., Ma, G., Ren, W., Hu, Z., Zhou, L., Zhang, X., Zhao, N., Zhang, M., Yan, L., Yu, Q., et al. (2023) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/md.0000000000036320 · Cited by 11
Schneider, K., Ulrichsen, J. U., Westphal, A. N., Iepsen, U. W., Ronit, A., Plovsing, R. R., & Berg, R. M. G. (2025) · Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s13054-025-05548-8 · Cited by 9
“…composition of the pulmonary microbiome in the healthy state remains to be fully determined, but the predominant ‘core’ phyla include Pseudomonadota, Bacteroidota, Actinomycetota, and Bacillota, together accounting for between 63 and 97% of the total organisms identified in the lungs [9–12].”
Spakowicz, D. J., Lou, S., Barron, B., Gómez, J. L., Li, T., Liu, Q., Grant, N., Yan, X., Hoyd, R., Weinstock, G. M., et al. (2020) · Genome biology · doi:10.1186/s13059-020-02033-z · Cited by 9
The Role of the Gut-Lung Axis in COVID-19 Infections and Its Modulation to Improve Clinical Outcomes
Chen, J., & Vitetta, L. (2022) · Frontiers in Bioscience-Scholar · doi:10.31083/j.fbs1403023 · Cited by 9
“Numerous respiratory illnesses have been linked to altered microbial patterns that differ from those observed in healthy populations [23].”
BackgroundVientós‐Plotts, A. I., Ericsson, A. C., McAdams, Z. L., Rindt, H., & Reinero, C. R. (2022) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2022.983375 · Cited by 9
“Respiratory dysbiosis, a deviation from the microbiota in health, is well-documented in humans with asthma (6, 50), as well as cystic fibrosis (51, 52), COPD, and other respiratory diseases (53, 54).”
BackgroundUnderstanding COPD Etiology, Pathophysiology, and Definition
Curtis, J. L. (2023) · Respiratory Care · doi:10.4187/respcare.10873 · Cited by 20
Evidence of persistence of Prevotella spp. in the cystic fibrosis lung
Gilpin, D. F., Nixon, K. A., Bull, M. J., McGrath, S., Sherrard, L. J., Rolain, J., Mahenthiralingam, E., Elborn, J. S., & Tunney, M. M. (2017) · Journal of Medical Microbiology · doi:10.1099/jmm.0.000500 · Cited by 9
Cui, J., Zhang, Y., Zhao, H., Chen, Z., Zhang, Q., Yan, C., Xue, G., Li, S., Feng, Y., Liu, H., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.630345 · Cited by 9
Yin, M.-M., Gao, Y.-L., Shang, J., Zheng, C.-H., & Liu, J. (2022) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2022.04.012 · Cited by 9
Use of Direct Gradient Analysis to Uncover Biological Hypotheses in 16S Survey Data and Beyond
Erb‐Downward, J. R., Akha, A. A. S., Wang, J., Shen, N., He, B., Martínez, F. J., Gyetko, M. R., Curtis, J. L., & Huffnagle, G. B. (2012) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep00774 · Cited by 9
The respiratory tract microbial biogeography in alcohol use disorder
Samuelson, D. R., Burnham, E. L., Maffei, V. J., Vandivier, R. W., Blanchard, E., Shellito, J. E., Luo, M., Taylor, C. M., & Welsh, D. A. (2017) · American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajplung.00277.2017 · Cited by 10
The Role of the Microbiome in Childhood Asthma
Pisi, G., Fainardi, V., Aiello, M., Bertorelli, G., Crisafulli, E., & Chetta, A. A. (2017) · Immunotherapy · doi:10.2217/imt-2017-0048 · Cited by 9
Jaat, F. G., Hasan, S. F., Perry, A., Cookson, S., Murali, S., Perry, J. D., Lanyon, C. V., Soyza, A. D., & Todryk, S. M. (2018) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-018-0811-2 · Cited by 9
“Both pathogens are also common in COPD albeit with a reduced frequency of Pseudomonas infections as compared to BR [14].”
BackgroundMicrobiota-derived metabolites as diagnostic markers for respiratory fungal infections
Hérivaux, A., Gonçalves, S. M., Carvalho, A., & Cunha, C. (2020) · Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis · doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2020.113473 · Cited by 8
Informed development of a multi‐species biofilm in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Short, B., Delaney, C., Johnston, W., Litherland, G. J., Lockhart, J. C., Williams, C., Mackay, W. G., & Ramage, G. (2024) · Apmis · doi:10.1111/apm.13386 · Cited by 9
“Generally, the micro-biome of healthy lungs resembles that of the oral cavity, and this remains consistent in COPD [9, 17].”
BackgroundResultDynamic balance of the lung microbiome in health and respiratory diseases
Wang, X., Bi, L., Li, J., Liu, D., Li, W., & Wang, Z. (2025) · Chinese Medical Journal · doi:10.1097/cm9.0000000000003712 · Cited by 8
“[58] The variation in biomass along this gradient is intricately tied to the anatomical structure of the respiratory tract and the dynamics of microbial colonization, which is a distinctive feature of the respiratory microbiome.”
Towards airway microbiome engineering for improving respiratory health
Hern, K. E., & Prindle, A. B. (2025) · Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.addr.2025.115662 · Cited by 8
“In both the upper and lower airway microbes, such as bacteria, viruses and fungi, are all components of a normal microbiome [23,29 – 32], however, the vast majority of research in this area has focused on bacteria.”
Microbiota and Alzheimer’s disease: mechanistic insights from a multi-organ perspective
Liao, J., Mou, H., Luo, S., Shen, L., & Jiao, B. (2026) · Translational Neurodegeneration · doi:10.1186/s40035-026-00541-9 · Cited by 11
“…phylum increased [339–341] Lung Bacteria: Pseudomonas, Streptococcu s, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Porphyromonas [342, 343] Fungi: Ascomycetes and Streptomyces [344] Eukaryotic viruses: human bocavirus, rhinovirus, and WU polyomavirus [345] Chlamydia pneumoniae…”
Conventional tobacco products harbor unique and heterogenous microbiomes
Chattopadhyay, S., Ramachandran, P., Malayil, L., Mongodin, E. F., & Sapkota, A. R. (2022) · Environmental Research · doi:10.1016/j.envres.2022.115205 · Cited by 8
Lung Microbiome as a Treatable Trait in Chronic Respiratory Disorders
Scialò, F., Vitale, M., D’Agnano, V., Mariniello, D. F., Perrotta, F., Castaldo, A., Campbell, S. F. M., Pastore, L., Cazzola, M., & Bianco, A. (2023) · Lung · doi:10.1007/s00408-023-00645-3 · Cited by 8
“…present in healthy adult lungs include Firmicutes, Proteobacteria, Bacteroitedes, and Actinobacteria; the main genera are Prevotella, Veillonella, Streptococcus, Neisseria, Haemophilus, Fusobacterium, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Acinetobacter, Megasphaera, Staphylococcus, and Corynebacterium [6–8].”
BackgroundPei, G., Guo, L., Liang, S., Chen, F., Ma, N., Bai, J., Deng, J., Li, M., Qin, C., Feng, T., et al. (2024) · Respiration · doi:10.1159/000538911 · Cited by 9
“The Porphyromonas is an important periodontitis path-ogen and is also considered a core microbiota constituent of the lungs [46].”
Has the airway microbiome been overlooked in respiratory disease?
Salami, O., & Marsland, B. J. (2015) · Genome Medicine · doi:10.1186/s13073-015-0184-9 · Cited by 8
“Similarly, studies in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of healthy adults have shown a high frequency of potential ‘pathogens’, including Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, and Porphyromonas [4].”
BackgroundResultRogers, G. B. (2017) · Emerging Topics in Life Sciences · doi:10.1042/etls20170043 · Cited by 8
Update in clinical allergy and immunology
von Gunten, S., Marsland, B. J., von Garnier, C., & Simon, D. (2012) · Allergy · doi:10.1111/all.12067 · Cited by 8
A comparison of sampling methods for examining the laryngeal microbiome
Hanshew, A. S., Jetté, M. E., Tadayon, S. N., & Thibeault, S. L. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0174765 · Cited by 8
Aerodigestive dysbiosis in children with chronic cough
Kazachkov, M. Y., Kapoor, B. C., Malecha, P. W., Wu, B. G., Li, Y., Levine, J. J., Erkman, J. L., Fitzgerald, K. C., Moy, L. C., & Segal, L. N. (2018) · Pediatric Pulmonology · doi:10.1002/ppul.24115 · Cited by 10
Exact variance component tests for longitudinal microbiome studies
Zhai, J., Knox, K. S., Twigg, H. L., Zhou, H., & Zhou, J. J. (2019) · Genetic Epidemiology · doi:10.1002/gepi.22185 · Cited by 8
“We construct the higher taxon level, for example, phylum, using the phylogenetic tree generator phyloT (http://phylot.biobyte. de/; Letunic & Bork, 2007, 2011) and the NCBI database taxonomy (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy; Federhen, 2012).”
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: a crime of opportunity?
Ericsson, A. C. (2020) · European Respiratory Journal · doi:10.1183/13993003.00551-2020 · Cited by 9
Qiu, X., Bajinka, O., Wang, L., Wu, G., & Tan, Y. (2021) · PubMed Central · Cited by 8
Insight into the Animal Models for Microbiome Studies
Berde, C. V., Sagar, P. S., Kunal, V. K., Suyoj, A. J., & Berde, V. B. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-981-16-3156-6_13 · Cited by 8
Analysis of Microbial Diversity in Caseous Necrosis of Tuberculosis Foci
Андреевна, О. Е., Огарков, О. Б., Suzdalnitsky, A. E., Хромова, П. А., Sinkov, V. V., Plotnikov, A. O., Belkova, N. L., & Николаевна, Ж. С. (2021) · Molecular Genetics Microbiology and Virology · doi:10.3103/s0891416821030058 · Cited by 8
“A diverse bacterial community has been described in healthy human lungs [14, 15].”
BackgroundAn Unclassified Microorganism: Novel Pathogen Candidate Lurking in Human Airways
Fukuda, K., Yatera, K., Ogawa, M., Kawanami, T., Yamasaki, K., Noguchi, S., Murphy, R. S., Mukae, H., & Taniguchi, H. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103646 · Cited by 8
Les bactéries anaérobies, ces inconnues du microbiote pulmonaire
Guilloux, C.-A., Lamoureux, C., & Héry-Arnaud, G. (2018) · médecine/sciences · doi:10.1051/medsci/20183403014 · Cited by 10
Neutrophil-Mediated Lung Damage: A New COPD Phenotype?
Sin, D. D., & van Eeden, S. F. (2011) · Respiration · doi:10.1159/000334178 · Cited by 8
Deng, X., Chen, X., Luo, Y., Que, J., & Chen, L. (2023) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1202454 · Cited by 7
“In patients with acute or chronic pulmonary diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, the micro-anatomic alterations in bacterial colonization in lungs could even be observed before CT scan showed abnormalities (Erb-Downward et al., 2011).”
BackgroundWu, X., Wei, X., Li, X., Deng, J., & Zhang, J. (2022) · Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases · doi:10.7883/yoken.jjid.2022.153 · Cited by 7
New insights into the pathophysiology and epidemiology of COPD exacerbations
Finney, L., MacLeod, M. A., & Wedzicha, J. A. (2024) · European Respiratory Society eBooks · doi:10.1183/2312508x.10007923 · Cited by 7
The gut microbiome in end-stage lung disease and lung transplantation
Zhang, S., Swarte, J. C., Gaćeša, R., Knobbe, T. J., Kremer, D., Jansen, B. H., de Borst, M. H., TransplantLines Investigators, Harmsen, H. J. M., Erasmus, M. E., et al. (2024) · mSystems · doi:10.1128/msystems.01312-23 · Cited by 8
“This may be because COPD patients are more likely to receive antibiotics than patients with IPF or PAH.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe Lung Microbiome in Health and Respiratory Diseases
Marimón, J. M. (2018) · Clinical Pulmonary Medicine · doi:10.1097/cpm.0000000000000268 · Cited by 7
Microbial Community Composition in Explanted Cystic Fibrosis and Control Donor Lungs
Einarsson, G. G., Vanaudenaerde, B. M., Spence, C. D., Lee, A. J., Boon, M., Verleden, G. M., Elborn, J. S., Dupont, L., Raemdonck, D. E. V., Gilpin, D. F., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2021.764585 · Cited by 7
Global Research Trends on the Link Between the Microbiome and COPD: A Bibliometric Analysis
Chen, D., Zeng, Q., Liu, L., Zhou, Z., Qi, W., Yu, S., & Zhao, L. (2023) · International Journal of COPD · doi:10.2147/copd.s405310 · Cited by 9
Tejeda-Garibay, S., & Hoyer, K. K. (2023) · Journal of Fungi · doi:10.3390/jof9050586 · Cited by 7
Shields, P. G., Ying, K. L., Brasky, T. M., Freudenheim, J. L., Li, Z., McElroy, J., Reisinger, S. A., Song, M., Weng, D. Y., Wewers, M. D., et al. (2023) · Microorganisms · doi:10.3390/microorganisms11061405 · Cited by 7
Grünig, G., Baghdassarian, A., Park, S., Pylawka, S., Bleck, B., Reibman, J., Rosenzweig, E. B., & Durmuş, N. (2015) · Biomarker Insights · doi:10.4137/bmi.s29514 · Cited by 7
Mycobiota: Micro-Eukaryotes Inhabiting Our Body as Commensals or Opportunistic Pathogens
De, L. R. C. (2015) · Fungal Genomics & Biology · doi:10.4172/2165-8056.1000120 · Cited by 7
“According to that, Candida albicans and Streptococcus spp. can form a mixed biofilm with antimicrobial antagonism by a complement of adhesin-receptor interactions involving two families of streptococcal multifunctional polypeptide adhesins and bacterial cell wall polysaccharide [82, 83].”
BackgroundAgarwal, D. M., Dhotre, D. P., Patil, R., Shouche, Y. S., Juvekar, S. K., & Salvi, S. (2017) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00196 · Cited by 7
“Erb-downward et al. showed that in never-smokers, smokers, and COPD, microbiota is similar; however, it differs at microanatomic sites in lungs (45).”
The Human Microbiome in the Lung: Are Infections Contributing to Lung Health and Disease?
Gates, K. L., & Martínez, F. J. (2016) · Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases Journal of the COPD Foundation · doi:10.15326/jcopdf.3.1.2015.0174 · Cited by 7
La BPCO : une maladie qui commence précocement
Margelidon-Cozzolino, V., Chbini, K., Freymond, N., Devouassoux, G., Belaaouaj, A., & Pachéco, Y. (2015) · Revue de Pneumologie Clinique · doi:10.1016/j.pneumo.2015.08.002 · Cited by 7
“La nature de es altérations du microbiome n’a pas encore été clairement tablie, certaines études ont montré une diminution de la iversité bactérienne [50,53], d’autres à l’inverse une augentation de diversité [51,52,54], et ceci est certainement ié à l’âge des patients [52], au manque d’homogénéité des opulations étud…”
Elevated Matrix Metalloproteinase Levels in Bronchi Infected with Periodontopathogenic Bacteria
Bernasconi, L., Ramenzoni, L. L., Al-Majid, A., Tini, G. M., Graber, S. M., Schmidlin, P. R., & Irani, S. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0144461 · Cited by 7
The airway microbiome in cystic fibrosis: challenges for therapy
Gillanders, L. J., Elborn, J. S., Gilpin, D. F., Schneiders, T., & Tunney, M. M. (2011) · Therapy · doi:10.2217/thy.11.81 · Cited by 7
Microbiome Analysis: State of the Art and Future Trends
Fernandez, M., Aguiar‐Pulido, V., Riveros, J., Huang, W., Segal, J., Zeng, E., Campos, M., Mathee, K., & Narasimhan, G. (2016) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119272182.ch18 · Cited by 7
Shi, Y., Yang, J., Tian, T., Li, S., & Xie, Y. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1487393 · Cited by 7
The Microbiome and Pulmonary Immune Function
Baker, J. M., & Dickson, R. P. (2024) · Clinics in Chest Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.ccm.2024.10.006 · Cited by 6
Fan, Y., Meng, S., Song, Y., Zhang, Y., Song, Y., Chen, Z., & Xie, K. (2025) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2025.114222 · Cited by 6
Sharma, P., Jain, T., Sorgen, A. A., Iyer, S., Tarique, M., Roy, P., Kurtom, S., Sethi, V., Bava, E. P., Gutiérrez-García, A. K., et al. (2025) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2025.112002 · Cited by 7
Case-finding for COPD clinic acceptability to patients in GPs across Hampshire: a qualitative study
Rose, D. E., Ray, E., Summers, R. H., Taylor, M., Kruk, H., North, M., Gillett, K., Thomas, M. D., & Wilkinson, T. M. A. (2021) · npj Primary Care Respiratory Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41533-021-00216-0 · Cited by 6
“(4) Was there anything you liked or disliked about the clinic?”
BackgroundThe Microbiome in Asthma Heterogeneity: The Role of Multi‐Omic Investigations
Huang, Y. J. (2025) · Immunological Reviews · doi:10.1111/imr.70015 · Cited by 7
“Moreover, altered lung microbiota composition in more severe disease has similarly been observed in other conditions like COPD [78–81].”
COMPUTATIONAL APPROACHES TO STUDY MICROBES AND MICROBIOMES
Greene, C. S., Foster, J. A., Stanton, B. A., Hogan, D. A., & Bromberg, Y. (2015) · Pacific Symposium on Biocomputing (PSB) · doi:10.1142/9789814749411_0051 · Cited by 7
Kerney, R. R. (2021) · Diversity · doi:10.3390/d13110527 · Cited by 7
Mycobacterium avium complex infected cells promote growth of the pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Fernández, L. C., González‐Cortés, C., López-Medrano, R., Diez‐Tascón, C., Marcos-Benavides, M. F., & Rivero-Lezcano, O. M. (2022) · Microbial Pathogenesis · doi:10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105549 · Cited by 6
Novel Insights Into Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): An Overview
Sohal, S. S., Eapen, M. S., Shukla, S. D., Courtney, J., Mahmood, M. Q., & Walters, E. H. (2014) · EMJ Respiratory · doi:10.33590/emjrespir/10312398 · Cited by 6
Airway Inflammation Biomarker for Precise Management of Neutrophil-Predominant COPD
Liang, X., Liu, T., Zhang, Z., & Yu, Z. (2020) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-0904-0_16 · Cited by 6
Muggeo, A., Perotin, J., Brisebarre, A., Dury, S., Dormoy, V., Launois, C., Ancel, J., Mulette, P., de Champs, C., Deslée, G., et al. (2021) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2021.781797 · Cited by 6
De- “bug”-ing the microbiome in lung cancer
Birla, P., & Shaikh, F. Y. (2022) · Cancer and Metastasis Reviews · doi:10.1007/s10555-022-10036-4 · Cited by 6
“In an effort to identify the mechanism, several studies were able to identify an IL-17 signature associated with URT microbes, potentially resulting in a pro-tumorigenic environment, but further study is needed to define specific microbial and immunological drivers of these interactions.”
BackgroundInfluentialThe new first-line defense: the potential of nasopharyngeal colonization in vaccine strategies
Chan, W.-Y., Cohen, J., & Brown, J. (2016) · Vaccine Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/vdt.s89026 · Cited by 7
“Epidemiologic studies have shown that the development of asthma 7–9 and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease 10,11 is related to the diversity of colonizing organisms in the nasal flora.”
Pneumonia in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Anzueto, A., Restrepo, M. I., & Sibila, O. (2017) · Barcelona Respiratory Network · doi:10.23866/brnrev:2017-0004 · Cited by 6
Towards a vaccine for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Clancy, R. L. (2012) · Internal Medicine Journal · doi:10.1111/j.1445-5994.2012.02752.x · Cited by 6
Bacterial Interactions with Mucosal Epithelial Cells
Hurwitz, J. L., Orihuela, C. J., DiRita, V. J., & TUOMANEN, E. I. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-415847-4.00049-5 · Cited by 6
Yue, Y., Zhang, B., He, Z., Zheng, Y., Wang, X., & Zhang, Q. (2024) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2024.1323613 · Cited by 5
Zhao, M., Tian, J., Hou, W., Yin, L., & Li, W. (2024) · Frontiers in Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fmicb.2024.1416385 · Cited by 5
Beyond the organ: lung microbiome shapes transplant indications and outcomes
Ponholzer, F., Bogensperger, C., Krendl, F. J., Krapf, C., Dumfarth, J., Schneeberger, S., & Augustin, F. (2024) · European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery · doi:10.1093/ejcts/ezae338 · Cited by 5
Lin, Z., Liu, S., Zhang, K., Feng, T., Luo, Y., Liu, Y., Sun, B., & Zhou, L. (2025) · Respiratory Research · doi:10.1186/s12931-025-03185-x · Cited by 5
Mannion, J. M., Segal, B. M., McLoughlin, R. M., & Lalor, S. J. (2023) · Mucosal Immunology · doi:10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.04.003 · Cited by 7
Lung microbiota changes during pulmonary Aspergillus fumigatus infection in rats
Popović, D., Kulaš, J. B., Tucović, D., Aleksandrov, A. P., Glamočlija, J., Bajić, S. S., Tolinački, M., Golić, N., & Mirkov, I. I. (2023) · Microbes and Infection · doi:10.1016/j.micinf.2023.105186 · Cited by 5
Chronic ozone exposure induces hippocampal microglia activation by microbial dysbiosis in rat lungs
Yang, Q., Cao, X., Li, S., Yang, X., Bai, P., Yan, Y., Qi, C., Deng, Z., Wu, B., & Song, B. (2025) · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · doi:10.1016/j.ecoenv.2025.118393 · Cited by 5
Francis, S. M. S., Tan, M. E., Fung, P. R., Shaw, J. G., Semmler, A., Nataatmadja, M. I., Bowman, R., Fong, K. M., & Yang, I. A. (2012) · Innate Immunity · doi:10.1177/1753425912466926 · Cited by 5
Bourdiol, A., & Roquilly, A. (2022) · Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine · doi:10.1055/s-0041-1740606 · Cited by 6
Metadata
- Authors
- Erb-Downward, J. R., Thompson, D. L., Han, M. K., Freeman, C. M., McCloskey, L., Schmidt, L. A., Young, V. B., Toews, G. B., Curtis, J. L., Sundaram, B., Martinez, F. J., & Huffnagle, G. B.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Corresponding author
- Huffnagle, Gary B.
- ORCID
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2011-02-22
- Volume
- 6
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e16384
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3043049
- OpenAlex
- W2163401084
- Cited by
- 973
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 32 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 59 · 2023: 66 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 74 · 2019: 62 · 2018: 85 · 2017: 80 · 2016: 75 · 2015: 72 · 2014: 68 · 2013: 57 · 2012: 49
- FWCI
- 50.74
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, public-domain)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (R01 HL082480)
- University of Michigan (UL1 RR024986)
- National Institutes of Health (n01hr46162-13-0-1)
- Michigan Institute for Clinical and Health Research (UL 1RR024986)
- University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center (P30 CA46952, CA46952)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL082480, N01HR046162, T32HL007749)
- National Cancer Institute (P30 CA 46952)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK070875, RR024986, R01DK070875)
- National Center for Research Resources (UL1RR024986)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) Research
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Periodontics › Oral microbiology and periodontitis research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gut microbiota and health
- Keywords
- lung microbiome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, healthy smokers, bronchoalveolar lavage, lung tissue sampling, bacterial community diversity, core microbiome, Pseudomonas, Streptococcus, Prevotella, Fusobacterium, Haemophilus, Veillonella, Porphyromonas, lung transplantation
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid, Bronchoscopy, DNA, Bacterial, Female, Health, Humans, Lung, Male, Middle Aged, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Smoking, Sequence Analysis, DNA, Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive, Metagenome
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
