Determining Prenatal, Early Childhood and Cumulative Long-Term Lead Exposure Using Micro-Spatial Deciduous Dentine Levels
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The aim of this study was to assess the validity of micro-spatial dentine lead (Pb) levels as a biomarker for accurately estimating exposure timing over the prenatal and early childhood periods and long-term cumulative exposure to Pb. In a prospective pregnancy cohort sub-sample of 85 subjects, we compared dentine Pb levels measured using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry with Pb concentrations in maternal blood collected in the second and third trimesters, maternal bone, umbilical cord blood, and childhood serial blood samples collected from the ages of 3 months to ≥6 years. We found that Pb levels (as 208Pb:43Ca) in dentine formed at birth were significantly associated with cord blood Pb (Spearman ρ = 0.69; n = 27; p<0.0001). The association of prenatal dentine Pb with maternal patella Pb (Spearman ρ = 0.48; n = 59; p<0.0001) was stronger than that observed for tibia Pb levels (Spearman ρ = 0.35; n = 41; p<0.03). When assessing postnatal exposure, we found that Pb levels in dentine formed at 3 months were significantly associated with Pb concentrations in children's blood collected concurrently (Spearman ρ = 0.64; n = 55; p<0.0001). We also found that mean Pb concentrations in secondary dentine (that is formed from root completion to tooth shedding) correlated positively with cumulative blood lead index (Spearman ρ = 0.38; n = 75; p<0.0007). Overall, our results support that micro-spatial measurements of Pb in dentine can be reliably used to reconstruct Pb exposure timing over the prenatal and early childhood periods, and secondary dentine holds the potential to estimate long-term exposure up to the time the tooth is shed.
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The tooth-matrix biomarkers are recently developed and rigorously validated, and objectively reconstruct fetal and early postnatal exposure to multiple metals with detailed temporal resolution.
“The teeth samples we collected from the twins were analysed using recently developed and rigorously validated tooth-matrix biomarkers, which objectively reconstruct fetal and early postnatal exposure to multiple metals with detailed temporal resolution141516171819.”
From Fetal and postnatal metal dysregulation in autism (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
Prenatal lead levels in teeth were validated with maternal blood lead measured during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and birth and childhood measures of tooth lead with lead concentrations in umbilical cord blood and serial childhood blood measures.
“For example, earlier we validated prenatal lead levels in teeth with maternal blood lead measured during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy, and birth and childhood measures of tooth lead with lead concentrations in umbilical cord blood and serial childhood blood measures, respectively15.”
From Fetal and postnatal metal dysregulation in autism (2017) · cites this paper as [15]
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- Authors
- Arora, M., Austin, C., Sarrafpour, B., Hernández-Ávila, M., Hu, H., Wright, R. O., & Tellez-Rojo, M. M.
- Affiliations
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- Corresponding author
- Arora, Manish
- Austin, Christine
- Sarrafpour, Babak
- Hu, Howard
- Wright, Robert O.
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-05-19
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- e97805
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4026445
- OpenAlex
- W2084846944
- Cited by
- 93
- References
- 22
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5
- FWCI
- 5.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- U.S. Public Health Service (APP1028372)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1028372)
- National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P 42-ES05947, R01ES014930, R00ES019597, R01ES007821, P42ES016454, P42ES005947, R01ES020268, P42ES00000, R01‐ES07821, R01ES013744, P30ES023515)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Heavy Metal Exposure and Toxicity
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Pollution › Heavy metals in environment
- Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Trace Elements in Health
- Keywords
- lead exposure, prenatal lead exposure, cumulative lead exposure, secondary dentine, umbilical cord blood lead, maternal blood lead, bone lead, laser ablation ICP-MS
- MeSH terms
- Child, Preschool, Cities, Dentin, Environmental Exposure, Environmental Monitoring, Environmental Pollutants, Female, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Lead, Maternal-Fetal Exchange, Mexico, Pregnancy, Mass Spectrometry, Tooth, Deciduous, Statistics, Nonparametric
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