Biospecimens and the ABCD study: Rationale, methods of collection, measurement and early data
Open accessAbstract
Biospecimen collection in the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study - of hair samples, shed deciduous (baby) teeth, and body fluids - will serve dual functions of screening for study eligibility, and providing measures of biological processes thought to predict or correlate with key study outcomes on brain and cognitive development. Biosamples are being collected annually to screen for recency of drug use prior to the neuroimaging or cognitive testing visit, and to store for the following future studies: (1) on the effects of exposure to illicit and recreational drugs (including alcohol and nicotine); (2) of pubertal hormones on brain and cognitive developmental trajectories; (3) on the contribution of genomics and epigenomics to child and adolescent development and behavioral outcomes; and (4) with pre- and post-natal exposure to environmental neurotoxicants and drugs of abuse measured from novel tooth analyses. The present manuscript describes the rationales for inclusion and selection of the specific biospecimens, methodological considerations for each measure, future plans for assessment of biospecimens during follow-up visits, and preliminary ABCD data to illustrate methodological considerations.
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Biological changes of adolescence do not cease when puberty concludes; the brain continues to exhibit change in structure and function across the entire duration of adolescence, reaching developmental asymptotes largely in the mid-twenties.
“In addition, the biological changes of adolescence do not cease when puberty concludes; rather, the brain continues to exhibit change in structure and function across the entire duration of adolescence, reaching developmental asymptotes largely in the mid-twenties.(142)”
From Puberty Initiates Cascading Relationships Between Neurodevelopmental, Social, and Internalizing Processes Across Adolescence (2021) · cites this paper as [142]
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An Empirical Bayes Mixture Model for Effect Size Distributions in Genome-Wide Association Studies
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Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Pfeifer, J. H., & Allen, N. B. (2021) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.09.002 · Cited by 411 · see citing works
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Self-citation
- Authors
- Uban, K. A., Horton, M. K., Jacobus, J., Heyser, C., Thompson, W. K., Tapert, S. F., Madden, P. A. F., & Sowell, E. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern California (US)
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai (US)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Corresponding author
- Madden, Pamela A.F.
- Sowell, Elizabeth R.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-08
- Volume
- 32
- Pages
- 97-106
- ISSN
- 1878-9293 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6487488
- OpenAlex
- W2790273005
- Cited by
- 175
- References
- 102
- Citations by year
- 2026: 27 · 2025: 46 · 2024: 28 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 20 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3
- FWCI
- 1.46
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2020-10-01)
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Digital Commons@Becker (Washington University School of Medicine) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (KL2TR001444)
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K01AA026889)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (U01DA041120, U01DA041048, U24DA041147, U24DA041123, U01DA041089)
- National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ethics in Clinical Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Health, Environment, Cognitive Aging
- Keywords
- Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, biospecimen collection, hair samples, primary teeth, biological fluids, substance use screening, pubertal hormones, epigenomics, genomics, environmental neurotoxicants, prenatal drug exposure, adolescent brain development, cognitive development
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Child, Cognition, Female, Humans, Specimen Handling, Adolescent Development, Neuroimaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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