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Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behavior Therapy for Adolescents with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: An Open Trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: International guidelines recommend Cognitive Behavior Therapy (CBT) as the first line treatment for pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). However, a substantial proportion of patients do not have access to such treatment. We developed and tested the feasibility, efficacy and acceptability of a novel therapist-guided, Internet-delivered CBT (ICBT) platform for adolescents with OCD. METHODS: An interactive, age-appropriate ICBT platform ("BiP OCD") was developed. Twenty-one adolescents (12-17 years) with a DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD and their parents were enrolled in the study. All participants received 12 weeks of ICBT with therapist support. The primary outcome measure was the Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS). Acceptability was assessed at post-treatment. RESULTS: Participants completed on average 8.29 (SD = 3.0) of the 12 treatment chapters. Treatment yielded significant improvements on all clinician-, parent- and most self-administered outcome measures, with a large effect size of d = 2.29 (95% CI 1.5-3.07) on the CY-BOCS. Patients continued to improve at follow-up. At 6-month follow-up, 71% were classified as responders (≥35% decrease on the CY-BOCS) and 76% as being in remission (CY-BOCS score ≤12). Average clinician support time was less than 20 minutes per patient per week. The majority of participants felt that BiP OCD was age-appropriate and rated the treatment as good or very good. CONCLUSIONS: ICBT could be efficacious, acceptable, and cost-effective for adolescents with OCD. More rigorously controlled studies are needed to further evaluate the treatment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT01809990.
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“Adolescents and their parents generally expressed satisfaction with the intervention and the majority would recommend it to others, corresponding to what previous studies of similar interventions have found (Spence et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014; Wuthrich et al., 2012).”
From Internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy for adolescents with anxiety disorders: A feasibility study (2018) · cites this paper as Lenhard et al., 2014
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“5) [8-17] Educational level of parenta Primary school 2 (3) 0 Secondary school 8 (11) 8 (10) College or university <2 y 8 (11) 8 (10) ≥2 y 53 (72) 60 (77) Doctorate 3 (4) 2 (3) Occupational status of parenta Working 68 (92) 75 (96) Student 0 3 (4) On sick leave 6 (8) 0 Comorbidity None 50 (68) 50 (64) Depressive episo…”
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“A notable strategy involves age appropriate therapist-guided Internet-delivered CBT (ICBT), exemplified by the "BiP OCD" platform [20].”
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Towards a Neuroscience-Informed Coaching Practice: Opportunities and Limitations
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BackgroundMethodInfluentialInternet-Based Therapies for Child and Adolescent Emotional and Behavioral Problems
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“…treatment and adherence rates for the 8 adolescents are consistent with previous trials on CBT and ICBT for adolescents (Spence et al., 2011; Tillfors et al., 2011; Lenhard et al., 2014), and with previous trials on tailored ICBT for young adults and adults (Carlbring et al., 2011; Paper II).”
BackgroundAdapting a parent training program to the COVID-19 crisis in a mental health care setting in France
Maurice, V., Didillon, A., Purper‐Ouakil, D., & Kerbage, H. (2021) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2021.06.012 · Cited by 3
Paz, E. V., Giacchino, M., Leist, M., Chirilla, C., Petracca, L., & Agosta, G. E. (2022) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría · doi:10.1016/j.rcp.2022.03.003 · Cited by 3
Vigerland, S., Fredlander, S., Aspvall, K., Jolstedt, M., Lenhard, F., Mataix‐Cols, D., Ljótsson, B., & Serlachius, E. (2024) · Internet Interventions · doi:10.1016/j.invent.2024.100738 · Cited by 3
“…a series of open and randomized controlled trials (Aspvall et al., 2018; Aspvall et al., 2020; Aspvall et al., 2021a, 2021b; Jolstedt et al., 2018a; Jolstedt et al., 2018b; Lenhard et al., 2014; Len-hard et al., 2017; Vigerland et al., 2013; Vigerland et al., 2016a, 2016b; Wickberg et al., 2022).”
BackgroundTechnological Interventions for Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Management
Borgnis, F., & Pedroli, E. (2021) · Reference Module in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Psychology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818697-8.00096-0 · Cited by 2
Technology-based CBT in Reducing Symptoms of OCD in Children: A Systematic Review
Samson, F., Tafuto, B., Jose, N., & Kim, L. P. (2021) · Journal of Public Health Issues and Practices · doi:10.33790/jphip1100177 · Cited by 1
“The mean CY-BOCS score across all studies was 23.85 and ranged from 21.3 [13] to 29.1[11].”
InfluentialOkyere‐Twum, E. (2021) · Counselling and Psychotherapy Research · doi:10.1002/capr.12451 · Cited by 2
Hermida-Barros, L., Garcia-Delgar, B., Lera-Miguel, S., Forcadell, E., Moreno, E., Primé-tous, M., Jaurrieta, N., Segú, X., Vilajosana, E., Soriano-Mas, C., et al. (2025) · The Behavior Therapist · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2025.01.001 · Cited by 1
杨, 晨. (2024) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2024.144232 · Cited by 1
Gagnreynd meðferð við áráttu- og þráhyggjuröskun hjá börnum og unglingum: Yfirlitsgrein
Skarphedinsson, G., Lauth, B., Njardvik, U., & Ivarsson, T. (2016) · Læknablaðið · doi:10.17992/lbl.2016.04.75
Coste y ahorro potencial generado por una web de eSalud de pediatría para padres
Soriano, B. J. N., Duarte, S. G., Fernández‐Alonso, A. M., Perales, A. B., & Carreño, T. P. (2020) · Anales de Pediatría · doi:10.1016/j.anpedi.2020.03.014 · Cited by 1
“…tipo 22 Además, el cuestionario que se utilizó para la evaluación de la web y el dominio de utili-dad, utilizado para el cálculo de los costes potencialmente ahorrados, fue previamente validado mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y confirmatorio, lo que otorga una mayor validez a los resultados”
Using Technology to Enhance Treatment Outcomes for Pediatric OCD
Mennies, R. J., & Falk, A. (2024) · Current Developmental Disorders Reports · doi:10.1007/s40474-024-00302-1 · Cited by 1
“…finding significant reductions in CYBOCS scores at post-treatment with large effect sizes, significant symptom reductions relative to waitlist control conditions, improvements maintained at follow-up, and clinicians spending on average only 17.5 to 20 min per week per adolescent/family [16, 17].”
InfluentialCalvo, R. M., Ortiz, A. E., Moreno, E., Plana, M. T., Morer, Á., & Lázaro, L. (2022) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/s10578-022-01386-9 · Cited by 1
“The COIS-R has been used in numerous treatment outcome studies of pediatric OCD [9, 17, 18] and the total score has been shown to predict outcome [19–22].”
Computer‐Aided Interventions for Obsessive‐Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Andersson, E., Mataix‐Cols, D., & Rück, C. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118890233.ch37 · Cited by 1
Hollis, C. P., Hall, C. L., Jones, R., Marston, L., Novere, M. L., Hunter, R. M., Brown, B. J., Sanderson, C., Andrén, P., Bennett, S. D., et al. (2021) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.3777196 · Cited by 1
Lenhard, F., Andersson, E., Mataix‐Cols, D., Rück, C., Aspvall, K., & Serlachius, E. (2020) · doi:10.31234/osf.io/3nk2s · Cited by 1
An Audit of Obsessive Compulsive Disorder in a Bedford [UK] Community Mental Health Team
Agius, M., Yi, K., Austin, J. T., & Zaman, R. (2014) · European psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(15)32054-x
New Technologies to Deliver CBT for Young Children with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Aspvall, K., Lenhard, F., Serlachius, E., & Mataix‐Cols, D. (2019) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108235655.017
Enhanced Family Approaches in Childhood OCD
Sapyta, J., & Cowperthwait, C. M. (2019) · Innovations in CBT for Childhood Anxiety, OCD, and PTSD · doi:10.1017/9781108235655.021
Cost and potential savings generated by a paediatrics e-Health web site for parents
Soriano, B. J. N., Duarte, S. G., Fernández‐Alonso, A. M., Perales, A. B., & Carreño, T. P. (2021) · Anales de Pediatría (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.anpede.2020.03.013
Challenges in Child and Adolescent Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Chung, E., Kharod, A., & Heyman, I. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119170235.ch31
李, 琦. (2019) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2019.912249
Fakunmoju, S. B. (2023) · Technium Social Sciences Journal · doi:10.47577/tssj.v42i1.8622
Zwangsstörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Döpfner, M., & Walitza, S. (2022) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-49289-5_104-1
Severo, M., Calvio, A., & Guillén, V. (2024) · Rivista di Psicologia Clinica · doi:10.3280/rpc2-2023oa15915
Telerehabilitation of subjects with neurodevelopmental disorders during confinement due to COVID-19
Paz, E. V., Giacchino, M., Leist, M., Chirilă, C., Petracca, L., & Agosta, G. E. (2024) · Revista Colombiana de Psiquiatría (English ed ) · doi:10.1016/j.rcpeng.2022.03.002
Zwangsstörungen bei Kindern und Jugendlichen
Döpfner, M., & Walitza, S. (2024) · Springer Reference Medizin · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-66744-6_104
Andrén, P., de la Cruz, L. F., Isomura, K., Lenhard, F., Hall, C. L., Davies, E. B., Murphy, T. L., Hollis, C., Sampaio, F., Feldman, I., et al. (2021) · Figshare · doi:10.6084/m9.figshare.16714142
Metadata
- Authors
- Lenhard, F., Vigerland, S., Andersson, E., Rück, C., Mataix-Cols, D., Thulin, U., Ljótsson, B., & Serlachius, E.
- Affiliations
- Karolinska Institutet (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Lenhard, Fabian
- Venue
- PLoS ONE
- Publisher
- Public Library of Science (PLoS)
- Published
- 2014-06-20
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- e100773
- ISSN
- 1932-6203 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4065049
- OpenAlex
- W2116170399
- Cited by
- 104
- References
- 66
- Citations by year
- 2025: 1 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 20.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- PLoS ONE (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Karolinska Institutet
- Stockholms Läns Landsting (20120167)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Digital Mental Health Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- internet-based cognitive behavioral therapy, obsessive-compulsive disorder, adolescents, pediatric OCD, treatment acceptability, treatment efficacy, treatment feasibility, Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale, parental involvement
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Child, Female, Humans, Male, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Parents, Severity of Illness Index, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Treatment Outcome, Telemedicine, Internet
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