Cited by 2,269Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology ResearchGlobal Cancer Incidence and ScreeningPancreatitis Pathology and Treatment

Epidemiology of Pancreatic Cancer: Global Trends, Etiology and Risk Factors

Open access
Rawla, Prashanth, Sunkara, Tagore, Gaduputi, Vinaya·2019·World Journal of Oncology

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is the seventh leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. However, its toll is higher in more developed countries. Reasons for vast differences in mortality rates of pancreatic cancer are not completely clear yet, but it may be due to lack of appropriate diagnosis, treatment and cataloging of cancer cases. Because patients seldom exhibit symptoms until an advanced stage of the disease, pancreatic cancer remains one of the most lethal malignant neoplasms that caused 432,242 new deaths in 2018 (GLOBOCAN 2018 estimates). Globally, 458,918 new cases of pancreatic cancer have been reported in 2018, and 355,317 new cases are estimated to occur until 2040. Despite advancements in the detection and management of pancreatic cancer, the 5-year survival rate still stands at 9% only. To date, the causes of pancreatic carcinoma are still insufficiently known, although certain risk factors have been identified, such as tobacco smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, dietary factors, alcohol abuse, age, ethnicity, family history and genetic factors, Helicobacter pylori infection , non-O blood group and chronic pancreatitis. In general population, screening of large groups is not considered useful to detect the disease at its early stage, although newer techniques and the screening of tightly targeted groups (especially of those with family history), are being evaluated. Primary prevention is considered of utmost importance. Up-to-date statistics on pancreatic cancer occurrence and outcome along with a better understanding of the etiology and identifying the causative risk factors are essential for the primary prevention of this disease. World J Oncol. 2019;10(1):10-27 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/wjon1166

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.14740/wjon1166

Cites

202 of 202 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • PDAC is the more aggressive pancreatic cancer subtype and accounts for 90% of all pancreatic cancer cases.

    “The two major PC subtypes are pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (PNETs), with PDAC being the more aggressive subtype and accounting for 90% of all PC cases [2, 3].”

    From Pyrvinium Pamoate Alone and With Gemcitabine Exhibits Anti‐Pancreatic Cancer Activity in <scp>2D</scp> and <scp>3D</scp> Cell Culture Models (2024) · cites this paper as [2]

    The Introduction identifies pancreatic adenocarcinoma and pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors as the two main types. It says adenocarcinoma has a poorer prognosis than PanNET, consistent with the comparative characterization, but gives its share as 85% of cases, not 90%. (LLM, conf=0.91)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

4 of the 206 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Rawla, P., Sunkara, T., & Gaduputi, V.
Affiliations
  • Sovah Health Martinsville (US)
  • Mercy Medical Center (US)
Corresponding author
Rawla, Prashanth
Venue
World Journal of Oncology
Published
2019
Volume
10
Issue
1
Pages
10-27
ISSN
  • 1920-4531 (ISSN-L)
  • 1920-454X
OpenAlex
W2917919815
Cited by
2,269
References
206
Citations by year
2026: 147 · 2025: 246 · 2024: 320 · 2023: 372 · 2022: 435 · 2021: 415 · 2020: 271 · 2019: 63
FWCI
28.47
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
cc-by-nc
Locations
  • World Journal of Oncology (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Pancreatic and Hepatic Oncology Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Global Cancer Incidence and Screening
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatitis Pathology and Treatment
Keywords
pancreatic cancer, epidemiology, cancer incidence, cancer mortality, risk factors, etiology, smoking, diabetes mellitus, obesity, alcohol abuse, chronic pancreatitis, Helicobacter pylori, family history (medicine), genetic susceptibility, cancer screening, primary prevention, five-year survival

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review